Here are the solutions:
a. Her average acceleration is (6 m/s - 0 m/s) / 2 s = 3 m/s^2
b. Her average acceleration is (10 m/s - 6 m/s) / (8 s - 2 s) = 1 m/s^2
c. Her average acceleration is (7 m/s - 10 m/s) / 2 s = -1.5 m/s^2
Here are the solutions:
a. Her average acceleration is (6 m/s - 0 m/s) / 2 s = 3 m/s^2
b. Her average acceleration is (10 m/s - 6 m/s) / (8 s - 2 s) = 1 m/s^2
c. Her average acceleration is (7 m/s - 10 m/s) / 2 s = -1.5 m/s^2
Here are the solutions:
a. Her average acceleration is (6 m/s - 0 m/s) / 2 s = 3 m/s^2
b. Her average acceleration is (10 m/s - 6 m/s) / (8 s - 2 s) = 1 m/s^2
c. Her average acceleration is (7 m/s - 10 m/s) / 2 s = -1.5 m/s^2
Here are the solutions:
a. Her average acceleration is (6 m/s - 0 m/s) / 2 s = 3 m/s^2
b. Her average acceleration is (10 m/s - 6 m/s) / (8 s - 2 s) = 1 m/s^2
c. Her average acceleration is (7 m/s - 10 m/s) / 2 s = -1.5 m/s^2
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KINEMATIC
QUANTITIES HONEYLEN MAE B. CASABUENA Instructor MECHANICS • Is basically the study of motion.
TWO GENERAL PARTS
Is the mathematical •Kinematics description of motion. •Dynamics Is the study of the causes of motion. DISTANCE • The fundamental concept in describing the motion of object is position. location of a body in space with reference to a fixed point.
• Distance- it is the length of the path the body has taken.
• The SI unit for distance is meter. • The initial position of the moving object is usually set to 0 m to serve as the reference point. EXAMPLE: If you walk a distance of 30m in a straight line path from you house to your school, you are 30 m away from your initial position.
30m Distance- is also defined as the total length of path taken by the body.
40 m
10m
30m
TOTAL DISTANCE TRAVELED IS: 30m +
10m + 40m = 80 m DISPLACEMENT
• Defined as the shortest length between the initial position
and the final position of an object. • Displacement- is a vector quantity, it is usually expressed in terms of both magnitude and direction. • An arrow is placed on top of a symbol for displacement
such as d to denote its vector nature.
EXAMPLE 1
• FIND THE DISTANCE AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF:
Dara runs 3miles south, then turn around and runs 4 miles north. EXAMPLE 2
• FIND THE DISTANCE AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF:
Mauro runs 30 km north, 30 km west, and then 30 km south. EXAMPLE 3
• FIND THE DISTANCE AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF:
Mika Ela spins around 5 times without moving in any direction. What was the total displacement? EXAMPLE 4
FIND THE DISTANCE AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF:
A bird flies directly east for 20 km, then turns to the north and flies for another 10km before dodging a flock of geese. SPEED AND VELOCITY In ordinary conversations, speed and velocity are often used interchangeably.
In physics, there is a clear distinction between these two
concepts. To differentiate speed from velocity, consider the following situations. SPEED AND VELOCITY A car from the garage is moving to north along a straight highway and stops after 1 hour for refuelling at a gasoline station 80 km away from where it started. How will you describe the motion of the car? SPEED AND VELOCITY • The rate of motion of the car is 80 km in one hour, northward.
• The above statement can be expressed in a shorter way as
80km/hr, northward. This represents the velocity of the car.
• The speed of the car is 80km/hr.
SPEED AND VELOCITY • Describing how fast or how slow a body moves is important. • For example you can describe a moving car by its speed. SPEED AND VELOCITY In Symbols,
Where d denotes the distance travelled for a time interval t.
SPEED AND VELOCITY • Common units used for speed are m/s, km/hr and ft/s. • Speed is a scalar quantity because it is expressed only by its magnitude.
• The speed is fast if a long distance was covered for a short time. Likewise, the speed is slow when a short distance was travelled for a long time. AVERAGE SPEED AND INSTANTANEOUS SPEED
• A vehicle’s speed at a particular moment is called its
instantaneous speed
• On the other hand, average speed may be defined as the total
distance travelled divided by the time it took to travel this distance. EXAMPLE 1:
In the 1980s, one of Asia’s fastest
running women was a Filipino athlete named Lydia De Vega. in the 100- meter dash event in 1986 in Seoul, South Korea, she clocked 11.53 s. find the average speed. VELOCITY
• Is the speed plus direction of motion.
• A change in velocity per unit of time is the acceleration of
an object. VELOCITY VELOCITY
WE CAN CHANGE THE VELOCITY OF SOMETHING
BY:
• Changing its speed only
• Changing its direction only • Changing both its speed and direction SAMPLE PROBLEM 2:
Calculate the average velocity at a particular time
interval of a particle if it is moves 5 m at 2 s and 15 m at 4s along x-axis? SAMPLE PROBLEM 3:
You start walking from a point on a circular field
of a radius 0.5 km and 1 hour later you are at the same point. a) What is your average speed for the whole journey? b) What is your average velocity for the whole journey? ACCELERATION
• Is a measure of how fast or slow velocity changes.
• A body accelerates whenever there is a change in speed, a
change in direction, or a change in both speed and direction. ACCELERATION ACCELERATION
Where v and v0 are the final and initial
velocity, respectively, and t is the time interval. SAMPLE PROBLEM 1:
As in the previous example, imagine Lydia de Vega attained a
speed of 6 m/s after 2 s from the start of the race. Solve the following problems using the given information: SAMPLE PROBLEM 1:
a. What is her average acceleration during this time
interval? b. Suppose she attained a speed of 10 m/s after 8 s from the start of the race. What is her average acceleration during the 2-to-8 second time interval? c. Suppose at 8 s from the start of the race, she slows down to a speed of 7 m/s for 2 s. What is her average acceleration for this time interval?
Full download Dynamics A Text Book for the Use of the Higher Divisions in Schools and for First Year Students at the Universities 1st Edition Arthur Stanley Ramsey pdf docx
Full download Dynamics A Text Book for the Use of the Higher Divisions in Schools and for First Year Students at the Universities 1st Edition Arthur Stanley Ramsey pdf docx
