Development of thermally insulated

vending cart for fresh fruits and vegetables

Prof. Abhijit P Deshpande

Sreenivas Chigullapalli
Hisham K V

RuTAG IIT Madras

Vegetable & fruit vending in India
• Street vending is a global phenomenon and the most visible aspect of
the informal sector in India
• Like other informal sector, street vending is characterized by
– low level of income
– ease of entry
– self-employment
• Vending involves enormous physical labour; arranging, cleaning,
sorting, weighing and dealing with customers is not easy
• Hawkers are on the move from one lane to another irrespective of the
heat, wind, rain and cold.
Main problem to be addressed
• Local vendors would procure fresh produces in small quantity and display on the
wooden/metal platform of a Pulling Vending Cycle and then move around the
residential areas. As a result,
– these fresh vegetables and fruits are always exposed to sunlight, heat, dust, rain etc.
which leads to most unhygienic condition of these fresh food items
– the fresh vegetables and fruits being perishable in nature are either rotten or wilted within
few hours
– the leafy vegetables are curled due to heat and rotten due to the presence of sprinkled
water and thus, the products become unacceptable by the customers
• In such case, the vendor has to either discard or throw the rotten vegetables or sell
the goods at low price
– discarding the fresh produces on regular basis leads to great financial loss to the poor vendor
due to spoilage of perishable commodity goods with limited shelf life.
Who has this problem,
how many people are affected, where does it occur?
• Mobile street vendors/hawkers who sell vegetables and fresh fruits at
the consumer doorstep or at any designated locations face problems to
keep the vegetables/fruits fresh during the daily operations.
• There are no statistics related to the vegetable/fruit vendors due to
their unorganized nature of operations.
• The problem occurs and very common at places where there is a
mismatch of supply and demand at retail markets.
• A number of urban poor are involved in vending in poor living
conditions as their income is insufficient due to the loss of quality of
their produce.
Why is it a priority to solve this?
• India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world after China (2015-16)
– 90 MT fruits
– 169 MT vegetables(2015-16)
• As per latest estimates by the Associated Chambers of Commerce of India, a country-wide study
measuring crop losses revealed that 5.8%-18.1% fruits, and 6.9%-13% vegetables were lost
during harvesting, post-harvest activities, handling and storage
• Post-harvest losses in India stem from a range of factors including
– lack of post-harvest infrastructure
– value chain riddled with inefficiencies
– imperfect market knowledge, and
– inadequate market access.
• India currently leads the world in producing a wide range of agricultural commodities and yet,
faces the threat of food and nutrition insecurity. According to the 2014 Global Hunger Index,
India ranks 55 among 120 countries with the highest food insecurity.
Problem to be solved
• To reduce the spoilage of vegetables and fresh fruits during the retail
marketing by street vendors thereby offsetting a fraction of post-
harvest losses in the supply chain
• To increase the shelf life of fresh fruits and vegetables during the
retailing/street vending so that consumers can get more utility for their
spending
How is the problem currently being solved?
• Street vendors use wet gunny bags and sprinkle water on their produce
to keep it fresh. This leads to spoilage of the vegetables, particularly
the leafy ones and tomatoes, cucumber, etc. as these vegetables have a
short shelf life.
Why would they (customers) pay for the
proposed solution/product/service?
• Street vendors would be able to pay for the solution because they
would be able to reduce the spoilage of vegetables/fruits in the retail
operations with increased shelf life with refrigerated/thermally
insulated vending cart.
• Few field observations are required to estimate the current practices
and losses incurred by the street vendors.
Review of status: Any existing/ past initiatives
to solve this issue? (…1)
• Many organizations have tried developing new and innovative designs
of vegetable and fruit vending carts, which are listed below:
– Safal by Mother Dairy fruit and vegetable Pvt. Ltd.

– Solar vegetable cart by Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)

– Samriddhii vending cart by Sampoorn Samriddhii

– Vegetable vending van by ICAR-IIHR (Indian Council of Agricultural

Research and Indian Institute of Horticulture Research)
Samriddhii motorized vegetable vending cart Solar vending cart Samriddhii vegetable vending cart

Safal vegetable vending cart Rickshaw mounted vegetable vending cart Innovative Designs of Thermal insulated
Vending Cart developed earlier
Review of status: Any existing/ past initiatives
to solve this issue? (…2)
• All these above mentioned designs are made with cycle rickshaw
pulling mechanism which may not be accepted by the vendors as they
are not habitual to this mechanism.
• Instead, the design has to be made as per the existing mechanism with
similar convenient features to the vendor.
• Currently available vegetable vending carts priced in between
Rs.30,000 – 50,000 per unit, depending upon the capacity and design.
• The vendors may not be able to afford the investment required for
complete shift from conventional vending carts to the new ones. So, in
this proposal a possible retrofit for vegetable vending cart is
envisaged.
Suggested/proposed solution provided in project

• To design thermal insulated rotational moulded plastic based compartment

design with transparent cover for display of fruits and vegetables by
maintaining the temperature of 15-25 degree C to keep the freshness of
fresh produces and a Canopy to protect the product/ vendor from rain and
sun will be designed as an attachment which can be easily bolted over the
existing wooden platform of vending cycle.
• The vendor need not to purchase a new vending cart. Rather, only the
upper moulded part with thermal insulation can be procured as an
attachment. This will definitely reduce the cost of the vending cycle.
• Expected solution should be affordable to the street vendors and possibly
below Rs. 20,000.
Conceptual designs made
by RuTAG IIT Madras
Methodology

• The proposed project may involve the following tasks and sub-tasks:
– Design modification in current vending cart / design of new vending cart
 Analysis of available design alternatives

 Choosing suitable alternative and preparing engineering design drawing

– Fabrication of prototype & testing

– Field trials and feedback

Nature of project
• Scientific knowledge generation for future use in product/ process
development
• Development of new technology (only design)
• Modification/ upgradation of existing technology (only design)
• Fabrication of prototype/ Lab scale testing (may include field trials to
get inputs)
• Pilot study/ Demonstration of final deliverable on field
Target beneficiaries
• Farmers
• Women
• Youth (unemployed, unskilled/semi-skilled)
• Economically weaker sections
• Others: Mobile Street Vendors
Expected benefits
Nature of benefits Brief description
Drudgery reduction/ Ease of operation Due to the reduced spoilage, vendors may have
to invest little time in sorting out the damaged
vegetables/fruits from the stock in the cart.
Improved livelihood opportunities With reduced financial losses in retail
operations, street vending of vegetables/fruits
may be a lucrative business opportunity,
especially for women in urban/semi-urban
localities.

Value addition Due to increased shelf life of the vegetables

and fruits, street vendors would be able to
fetch better market prices under volatile market
supply demand scenario.
Budget details
Estimated Budget
Sr. no Item
(Rs. in lakhs)
A Recurring  
  Manpower ---
  Consumables 0.5
  Travel 0.5
  Demo/ Field Trials 2.0
  Contingencies 0.5
B Non- recurring  
  Permanent equipment ---
  Fabrication of prototype (5 units) 1.5
C Institute Overhead 1.0
  Grand total (A+B+C) 6.0
Thank you