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Perception

Perception is an intellectual process that transforms sensory stimuli into meaningful information. It can be divided into six types relating to the five senses - sound, speech, touch, taste, and other senses - as well as the perception of the social world. Perception is influenced by factors of the perceiver, the target, and the situation. Attribution theory attempts to determine whether behavior is internally or externally caused, based on factors like distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency. Common attribution errors include the fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias. Perceptual errors involve biases like the halo effect, contrast effect, stereotyping, and self-fulfilling prophecies. Understanding perception is important in organizational behavior for comprehending tasks, their importance,

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40 views14 pages

Perception

Perception is an intellectual process that transforms sensory stimuli into meaningful information. It can be divided into six types relating to the five senses - sound, speech, touch, taste, and other senses - as well as the perception of the social world. Perception is influenced by factors of the perceiver, the target, and the situation. Attribution theory attempts to determine whether behavior is internally or externally caused, based on factors like distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency. Common attribution errors include the fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias. Perceptual errors involve biases like the halo effect, contrast effect, stereotyping, and self-fulfilling prophecies. Understanding perception is important in organizational behavior for comprehending tasks, their importance,

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sahil
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Perception

It is an intellectual process of transforming sensory stimuli to


meaning information.
It can be divided into six types –
Of Sound – The ability to receive sound by identifying
vibrations.
Of speech – The competence of interpreting and
understanding the sound of language heard.
Touch – Identifying objects through patterns of its surface by
touching it.
Taste – The ability to receive flavor of substances by tasting it
through sensory organs.
Other Senses – They approve perception through body like
balance , acceleration , pain , time etc.
Of the social world – It permits people to understand other
individuals and group of their social world.
Factors That Influence Perception

The various factors that influence perception resides on:


Perceiver
Target
Situation
Attribution Theory
It is an attempt to determined whether an individual’s behavior
internally or externally caused.
Internally caused behavior is under the personal control of a
individual.
Externally caused behavior is what situation forced the
individual to do .
The determination depends on three factors :
1. Distinctiveness
2. Consensus
3. Consistency
Distinctiveness refers to whether an individual display
different behavior in different situation.
Consensus: If everyone faces the similar situation respond in
same way then we can say behavior is consensus.
Consistency means whether the person show the same
behavior over the long time.
Attribution Error
Fundamental attribution error : The tendency to
underestimate the influence of external factors and
overestimate the influence of internal factors.
Self-serving bias : The tendency for individuals to attribute
their on successes to internal factors and put the blame for
failure on external factors
Perceptual errors
Halo effect : The tendency to draw a general impression about
an individual on the basis of a single characteristic.
Contrast effect : Evaluation of a person characteristics that is
affected by comparisons with other people.
Stereotyping : Judging someone on the basis of one’s
perception of the group to which that person belongs.
Self-fulfilling prophecy : Derive best from the people by
saying them that they are the best.
Importance of perception in OB
It is very important in establishing different role of
perceptions like –
Understanding the task to be performed.
Understanding the importance of task allotted.
Understanding the preferred behavior to complete respective
task.
References
Stephen-p-Robbins 2013.Organizational Behavior (p-166).
Goldstein , E. Bruce (13 FEB 2009). Sensation and perception.
Special Thanks
Gaurav sharma (23)
THANK YOU.

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