SAUYO HIGH

SCHOOL

Technology and Livelihood Education

Lesson 1: An Introduction to
Stop Motion Animation
Quarter 2 Week 1
 Learning Objectives
• determine what is stop
motion;
• explain importance of stop
motion in animation; and
• conduct a simple internet
research about the application
used for stop motion
animation.
 Early Animation

What is Stop How it Thaumatropes

and
Motion Works Mutoscopes
 Stop Motion Animation
Wikipedia –

Stop motion is an animated filmmaking technique in

which objects are physically manipulated in small
increments between individually photographed frames
so that they will appear to exhibit independent motion
or change when the series of frames is played back.
Any kind of object can thus be animated, but puppets
 with movable joints (puppet animation) or plasticine
 figures (clay animation or Claymation) are most used.
Puppets, models or clay figures built around an 
armature are used in model animation. Stop motion
with live actors is often referred to as pixilation. Stop
motion of flat materials such as paper, fabrics or
photographs is usually called cutout animation.
 How it Works
Animation creates the impression of movement through
an optical illusion referred to as the “Persistence of
Vision.”

The eye retains an image for a split second after it has

actually been shown. Animation works by presenting
slightly

different images in quick succession, with the

persistence of vision filling in the gap between each
image and allowing

for the illusion of motion.

In the 19th century, this phenomenon was made use of

in many children’s toys that some students may still be

familiar with.
 Thaumatropes
Popularized by John A. Paris in 1824,
thaumatropes work by presenting two separate
images on the front and back of a
piece of card with string attached to each side.
When the card is spun quickly using the string
the two images are shown
in quick succession, giving the illusion of one
image. Use the Thaumatrope worksheets on
pages 11 to 12 to help the
class to understand how thaumatropes work and
have a go at making their own.
Thaumatropes
 Mutoscopes
Mutoscopes were manufactured
between 1895 and 1909. To achieve the
illusion of movement, a series of slightly
altered images were mounted onto a
circular core (a bit like a filofax) and
then turned quickly using a handle or
crank.
Mutoscopes were coin operated, the
viewer would put in their money and
then turn a crank to see the animation.
Mutoscopes
 STORY

KEEP IT SIMPLE KEEP IT FAMILIAR

SPLIT IT INTO SCENES PITCH IT

 STORY

KEEP IT SIMPLE

The more characters you have, the

more time it takes to create your
animation and the more complicated
the story
becomes, so use no more than four
characters to begin with.
 STORY
KEEP IT FAMILIAR

Animations can take a long time

to make (just like anything
worth doing), so it is important
that the class do not spend
all day deciding on the
storyline.
 STORY
SPLIT IT INTO SCENES

Once you have your basic narrative in place you, will

need to break it up into different scenes.
STORY
PITCH IT

A great way of allowing the class

to decide democratically on what
their film is going to be about is
to ask them to pitch
their ideas to each other and
then to vote on the best film
idea.
Characters, Sets, and Props
Modelling Clay
A quick tip for creating
modelling clay characters is
to keep them strong and
simple – you do not want
pieces falling off
as you are adjusting their
limbs.
 Paper Cut-outs
Paper figures might be
easily broken by the time the
whole class
has animated with them, so
try to use thin card or
reinforce coloured paper
with card.
 Silhouettes

Using a lightbox can create a very dramatic and

filmic aesthetic for your animation. Lightboxes can
be bought cheaply
but it may be worth checking with the school art
department as they may already have one or two.
 Mixed Media

Newspaper, corrugated cardboard, reflective

paper, sandpaper and tissue paper can be used to
create different textures and patterns. Crumpled,
colored tissue paper can be used for water and fire
effects in particular.
 Assignment
Bring the following tomorrow, November 9, 2022:

1. 1 short folder (for 4 persons)

2. 1 small bbq stick (individual)
3. Pentel pen
4. Crayons
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