Le Corbusier

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 23

LE CORBUSIER

Charles-Édouard Jeanneret  known as Le


Corbusier.
BORN ON:6 October 1887
 DIED IN:27 August 1965
NATIONALITY: Swiss, France
 OCCUPATION: architect, designer, painter, urban
planner. writer,
one of the pioneers now regarded as modern
architecture.  
A house is a machine for living in.Le corbusier
Awarded by royal gold medal,AIA gold medal.
light creates ambience and feel of a
place, as well as the expression of a
structure.
Le Corbusier’s design philosophy

• Along with Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier was instrumental in
the creation of the International Style. This was a movement defined by rectilinear
forms, open interiors and 'weightless' structures.
• Le Corbusier laid out these tenets in his five principles of new architecture, published
in 1927. He advocated:
• The Pilotis – a grid of columns to replace load-bearing walls, allowing architects to make
more use of floor space.
• Free floor plans – flexible living spaces that could adapt to changing lifestyles, thanks to the
absence of load-bearing walls.
• Roof gardens – a flat roof covered in vegetation, which keeps moisture consistent and
regulates temperature.
• Horizontal windows – cut through non load-bearing walls, these strips provide even light
and panoramic views.
• Free facades – open and closed sections that allow the facade to actively connect or
separate interior and exterior design elements.
• Le Corbusier’s philosophy was as much about function as form. Much of
his work centred on how good architecture can affect social landscapes
too.
• His ‘Unité d'Habitation’ principles outlined his vision: large apartment
blocks that offered spacious housing, shaded social spaces, roof gardens,
shopping streets and other amenities. These would be houses for the
masses not merely to inhabit, but to truly live in.

• Modular theory: inspired by the human body proportion made by Vitruvius ,


Leonardo da vinci, le Corbusier made golden ratio for scale and proportion.
• Urban concept:
• Made theories on multi level roads, skyscrapers, terrace garden ,
separate expressway and walking lanes.
• Designed urban plan for cities of Paris and chandigarh.
Works of le corbusier:
 Villa Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, France
 Chapelle Notre Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, France
 Buildings in Ahmedabad, India
  Sanskar Kendra Museum, Ahmedabad
  ATMA House
 Villa Sarabhai, Ahmedabad
  Villa Shodhan Ahmedabad
 Villa of Chinubhai Chimanlal, Ahmedabad
  Villa Jeanneret, Paris, France
 Buildings in Chandigarh, India1952: 
 Palace of Justice
  Museum and Gallery of Art
  Secretariat Building
 Governor's Palace
  Palace of Assembly
  Heidi Weber Museum (Centre Le Corbusier), Zürich,
Switzerland
• Architects: Le Corbusier, Pierre
Jeanneret | Biography & Bibliography
• Location: 82 Rue de Villiers, 78300
Poissy, France The Villa
• Client: Pierre and Eugénie Savoye Savoye
• Topics: Villa, Unesco Heritage, 
Concrete
• Style: Modernism, International Style
• Area: 480 square meters / 5,100
square feet
• Project Year: 1928-1931
• Photographs: © Foundation Le
Corbusier, Flickr Users: © Fernando
Leiva, © proxectodhabitat, © End-User
• PILOTIS
Le Corbusier lifted the bulk of the structure off the ground, supporting it by
pilotis – reinforced concrete stilts. These pilotis provided the structural support
of the house and allowed him to elucidate his next two points.
• FREE FACADE
Non-supporting walls that could be designed as the architect wished.
• OPEN FLOOR PLAN
The floor space was free to configure into rooms without concern for supporting
walls.
• HORIZONTAL WINDOWS
The second floor of the Villa Savoye includes long strips of ribbon windows that
allow unencumbered views of the large surrounding yard and constitute the
fourth point of his system. This is a strength to enjoy panoramic scenery while
complementing Western Europe’s climatic weakness, which lacked sunshine.
• ROOF GARDEN
A functional roof serving as a garden and terrace, reclaiming for Nature the land
occupied by the building. A ramp rising from ground level to the third-floor roof
terrace allows for a promenade architecturalthrough the structure.
NOTRE-DAM -DU –HAUNT
RONCHAMPCHAPAL
•  Roman
• Catholic chapel in Ronchamp, France.
• Constructed in 1955.
• Type: church
• Style: modern
• Physical characterstics:
Simplicity
Two sided entrance
Beton brut roof
Southern facing wall of window
Exterior alter
Oblong navee
Axial main alter
Three tower
Structure
• made mostly of concrete
• thick masonry walls, which are curved to
improve stability and provide structural
support.
• upturned roof supported on columns
embedded within the walls,
•  the spaces left between the walls and roof
are filled with clerestory windows.
•  The floor of the chapel follows the
natural slope of the hill down towards
the altar.
• The towers are constructed of stone
masonry and are capped by cement domes
ROOF
• the roof of Notre Dame du Haut appears
to float above the walls.
•  it is supported by concrete columns, not
the walls themselves. 
•  The effect produced allows a strip of light
to enter the building, thus lighting the
space further, and making the church feel
more open.
• This billowing concrete roof was planned
to slope toward the back, where a
fountain of abstract forms is placed on
the ground. When it rains, the water
comes pouring off the roof and down onto
the raised, slanted concrete structures,
creating a dramatic natural fountain.
SOURTHERN WALL
• The different-sized windows are
scattered in an irregular pattern
across the wall.
• The shapes and patterns were
not arbitrary, but derived from a
proportional system based on
the Golden Section.
• The openings slant towards their
centers at varying degrees, thus
letting in light at different angles.
LIGHTING
• a dramatic focus was created from the light coming through openings in the south wall of the chapel
• • sensitively utilized natural light to provide a powerful sense of mystery and effective modulation of
space and form.

The separation of the shell roof and The punctured hole in southern wall
The light from north of tower heavy walls is more clearly visible from emphasizing the rough texture of
provide calm environment in interior with a band of natural light. wall material with brilliant colour of
church below acting as the painting like glazing.
indirect light
Villa Shodhan (or Shodhan House)
•  modernist villa located
in Ahmedabad, India.
• Designed by the Swiss architect Le
Corbusier.
• Constructed in:1951
• Construction completed :1956.
• Design consideration:  sun, wind, the
view and landscaping.
• House is surrounded by the garden.
• The rectangles on the north-west and
south-west façades are further
emphasized through the installation
of brise soleil for protection from
glare.
Form and shape:
• Cubical form
• Volumn has been cut in form of brises
soloeil, recessed column on the
rooftop.
• Placed diagonally on the site to give
the 3d view of the house.
• Apart form the private spaces such as
bedroom, whole place acts as
transition area as client needed a
place where he could entertain guest.
• Transition space are connected by the
ramps and staircase.
STRUCTURE:

The design of the Villa Shodhan is structurally


simplistic.
The overall frame of the building is in raw concrete,
with clear markings of the wooden formwork.  
Standard sheet metal is added to the underside of
the interior ceilings and a protective parasol is used
as the roof

Suncutters are provided in south and south


west to cut harsh sun.

Due to suncutters gardens are at back and


habitable areas are in front.
ROOF
• Oval aperture are cut in the roof.
• When viewed from below they
mislead about the cubical form of
house and act as lens to sky.
• Roof supported on recessed
column and thus appear floating.
• Terrace garden at the top .

LIGHT
Due to absence of
interior partitions natural
light was able reach to
certain spaces .
City of Chandigarh The city beautiful 1952

The Master Plan of Chandigarh by Le Corbusier is analogous to a human body .


Head (Capital Complex), Heart (City Centre),
Lungs (Leisure Valley and Gardens),
The Limbs (Cultural and Educational Institutions) The Circulatory System
(7 Vs).

The conception of the City has been formulated on the basis of four major functions:
Living, Working,
Care of the Body and Spirit
Circulation.
CAPITOL COMPLEX
•In Le Corbusier’s original concept; the Capitol was to consisted of:
• 1. Secretariat
• 2.Assembly
• 3.High Court and
• 4.Governor's Palace(later
changed to Museum of
Secretariat
•The Secretariat is the largest of all from the buildings in
the complex (254 meters by 42 meters) and was the first
to be built in the complex.
•Positioned at a sharp right angle to the mountain range
it is designed as a vast linear slab-like structure – a
workplace for 4000 people.
•An endless rhythm of balconies and louvers on its linear
facades is punctuated in a subtle way by a deliberately
asymmetrical composition of brise-soleil (a sun shading
device), evolved by Le Corbusier.
•It’s façade, besides the rhythmic brise-soleil, is also
sculpturally punctuated by the protruding masses of
angled ramps and stairways,
•The roof line has a playful composition of a restaurant
block ,a ramp and a terraced garden, to break the
endless linearity.
Assembly Building
•In front of the Secretariat is located the most sculptural
and eye-catching of all the geometrical forms of the
Capitol -The Assembly.
•Characterizing the roofline of the Assembly is a great
hyperbolic drum connected to
•a pyramidal by a small bridge
•The building has two entrances: one at the basement
level for everyday use an the other from the piazza level
for ceremonial occasions through a massive entrance,
7.60 meters high and 7.60 meters broad, whose
enameled door (a gift to Punjab from France) translates a
cubist mural painted by Le Corbusier himself.
•The external façade of the cuboid base has a rhythmic
pattern of the brise-soleil with its play of light and
shadow on three sides, And on the fourth opening
towards the large piazza facing the High Curt is a huge
trough supported on massive pylons.
High Court:

•The High Court is a linear block with the main


façade towards the piazza.
•It has a rhythmic arcade created by a parasol-like
roof, which shades the entire building.
•The entrance for them through a high portico
resting on three giant pylons painted in bright
primarily colors which visually punctuate the
otherwise rhythmic facade of the High Court.
•A number of symbols that encapsulated Le
Corbusier’s view of man, earth, nature, the
emblems of India and the scales of justice were
depicted in abstract, geometric patterns. These
tapestry designs referred to the basic element of
architecture, and of order generally.
Mill Owners’ Association Building,
Ahemadabad
• The building can be classified
as Brutalist Architecture, with
its outer surface made of
concrete stucco. The building
surface looks dull due to the
moss and many critiques of
Brutalist architecture have
argued that it does not age
well.
However the dullness of the
surface of the building is nicely
complemented with the variety
of plants and flowers which
liven up the facade. The front
and back facade of the
building, which are in the east
and west direction, “break the
suns”, and was one of Le
Corbusier’s genius. This
particular feature is called sun
breakers or brise-soleil, while
blocking the direct gaze of the
sun, it still lets ample light and
air in.
Unité d'Habitation, Marseille

• Completed in 1952, the Unite d’ Habitation was the first of a


new housing project series for Le Corbusier that focused on
communal living for all the inhabitants to shop, play, live, and
come together in a “vertical garden city.”

You might also like