Stat and Probability Week 2

Statistics and Probability Week 2
• Discrete Probability Distribution

Statistics and Probability Week 1
• Discrete Random Variable
• Discrete Probability Distribution
• Mean and Variance of a Discrete Random Variable
Discrete Probability Distribution
• A random variable may be classified as discrete and continuous. A
discrete random variable has a countable number of possible values.
A continuous random variable can assume an infinite number of
values in one or more intervals.
Properties of a Discrete Probability Distribution
a. The probability of each value of discrete random variable is

between 0 and 1 inclusive.
0 ≤ P(X) ≤ 1
b. The sum of all probabilities is 1.
ΣP(x)=1
• Example 1.
Suppose two coins are tossed and we are interested to determine
the number of tails that will come out. Let us use T to represent the
number of tails that will come out. Determine the values of the
random variable T.
Suppose two coins are tossed and we are interested to determine

the number of tails that will come out. Let us use T to represent the
number of tails that will come out. Determine the values of the
random variable T.
Example 4
Four coins are tossed. Let T be the random variable representing the
number of tails that occur. Find the values of the random variable T.
Example 5
A pair of dice is rolled. Let X be the random variable representing the
sum of the number of dots on the top faces. Find the values of the
random variable X.
Discrete Random Variable
SEAT WORK (15 minutes) 15 points
Construct a frequency distribution table for the example

Construct a probability distribution of the random variable
Construct a probability histogram
Discrete Random Variable
SEAT WORK (15 minutes) 15 points
Construct a frequency distribution table for the example

Construct a probability distribution of the random variable
Construct a probability histogram
Mean and Variance of Discrete
Random Variable
Expected Values
Mean and Variance of a Random Variable
Random Variable
Consider the outcomes of a coin tossed as a random event. The

probability of getting tail is 1/2 or 50%, and the probability of getting
head is 1/2 or 50% also, but it is hard to predict the outcome that will
occur. In this lesson, you will learn how to determine the likeliness of
the happening of an event.
Mean of Discrete Random Variable
Random Variable
STEPS IN FINDING THE MEAN

Step 1: Construct the probability distribution for the random variable X
representing the number of items that the customer will buy.
Step 2: Multiply the value of the random variable X by the
corresponding probability.
Step 3: Add the results obtained in Step 2. Results obtained is the mean
of the probability distribution.
Variance and Standard Deviation of Discrete
Random Variable
The variance and standard deviation describe the amount of spread,

dispersion, or variability of the items in a distribution.
Random Variable
The variance and standard deviation describe the amount of spread,

dispersion, or variability of the items in a distribution.
Random Variable
Random Variable
STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the corresponding
probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4. Results obtained is the
value of the variance of probability distribution.
Random Variable
Random Variable
Random Variable
To Solve for Standard Deviation:
Get the square root of the variance

σ2 = ∑(𝑥 − µ)2p(x) = 1.56
σ = √1.56
= 1.25
So, the variance of the number of cars sold per day is 1.56 and the
standard
deviation is 1.25.
Random Variable
SEATWORK (15mins)
When three coins are tossed once, the probability distribution for the
random variable X representing the number of heads that occur is given
below. Compute the variance and standard deviation of the probability
distribution.

Stat and Probability Week 2

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Statistics and Probability Week 2

• Discrete Probability Distribution

Properties of a Discrete Probability Distribution

a. The probability of each value of discrete random variable is

Suppose two coins are tossed and we are interested to determine

Construct a frequency distribution table for the example

Construct a frequency distribution table for the example

Consider the outcomes of a coin tossed as a random event. The

STEPS IN FINDING THE MEAN

The variance and standard deviation describe the amount of spread,

The variance and standard deviation describe the amount of spread,

STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

Get the square root of the variance

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