Safe Chemical Handling

HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIAL
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Topics covered
 Need of Safety for Hazardous Material

 Statutory Provision
 Indian Standards
 MSDS
 PPE’s Hazarous Material Handling
 Chemical Hazards & Control
 Storage Hazards & control
 Safe Transportation of Hazardous Material
 Emergency Preparedness
Need of Safety for Hazardous Material
Therefore, it is not possible to avoid or prevent

industry and the only way remains for us is to
run this industry safely by identifying, avoiding
and controlling its hazards.
 Study and identify chemical hazards using material safety data
sheet (MSDS).
 Select safer technology
 Select safer sitting of chemical industry for minimum loss to
men, material, environment etc
 Design and construct the factory with all safety precautions
from the very beginning
 Workplace hazards inside the factory should be controlled
by good engineering controls, safe work methods or
operating procedure and using personal protective
equipments
Contd.
 All requisite safety devices, fittings, instruments, equipment,
machines etc., must be provided and well maintained
 Workers must be properly trained for safe operation of
the
 plant and their role in emergency planning and control

Safe transportation and handling of hazardous chemicals
 within and out-side factory premises

Safe disposal of hazardous wastes within and outside factory
premises

Well monitoring and control of hazardous substances at
work places and of occupational ill-effects and diseases by
pre and periodical medical examinations of the workers
Material Safety Data Sheets
What is MSDS :
 A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is designed to
provide both workers and emergency personnel with the
proper procedures for handling or working with a particular
substance.
 MSDS's include information such as physical props. (melting
point, boiling point, flash point etc.), toxicity, health effects,
first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, PPE, and spill/leak
procedures.
 These are of particular use if a spill or other accident occurs.
MSDS Applications :
MSDS enables users to take the necessary measures

relating to :
 Protection of human health & safety at work place.
 Protection of the environment
MSDS enables the employer to determine if any chemical
agents are present in the workplace and to assess any risk
from its use.
Who Prepares it :
Responsible body of the marketing of the or preparation
substance
Manufacturer / importer / distributor
Who receives it :
Downstream users of the substance or preparation
How :
Free of Charge, Paper or electronic format
When :
Before or during the first supply of the substance or preparation
 Mandatory updating : When new information on the classification
are available
 Language : that of the downstream users
 It must report the preparation date and the date of last updates.
PPEs for Hazards
How Do We Control Hazards
To control hazardous and unsafe conditions and work
practices, use the most effective control methods feasible at
your work place. Try to reduce employee exposure by
implementing effective controls that do not primarily rely
on individual employee behavior. Follow a system of
strategies, called the "Hierarchy of Controls," which
prioritizes control methods that try to remove or reduce the
hazard:Hierarchy of Controls (most to least effective)
Eliminate/reduce the hazard Engineering Controls
Reduce the hazard Work Practice Controls

Administrative Controls
Put barrier between worker Personal Protective Equipment

and hazard if needed (PPE)
Chemical Hazards & Control
Hazard & Controls
Class & Symbols Characteristics Precautions

Compressed Gas • Gas inside cylinder is • Transport and handle with
under pressure care
• The cylinder may explode • Make sure cylinders are
if heated or damaged properly secured
• Sudden release of high • Store away from sources
pressure gas streams may of heat or fire
puncture skin and cause • Use proper regulator
fatal embolism
Flammable & Combustible • May burn or explode when • Store away from
Material exposed to heat, sparks or (oxidizing materials)
flames • Store away from sources
• Flammable: burns readily of heat, sparks and flame
at room temperature • Do not smoke near these
• Combustible: burns when materials
heated
Hazard & Controls
Oxidizing Material • Can cause other materials • Store away from
to burn or explode by (flammable and combustible)
providing oxygen materials
• May burn skin and eyes on • Store away from sources of
contact heat and ignition
• Wear the recommended
protective equipment and

clothing
Poisonous & Infectious • May cause immediate • Avoid inhaling gas or
Material, Materials causing death or serious injury if vapours
immediate & serious toxic inhaled, swallowed, or • Avoid skin and eye contact
effects absorbed through the skin • Wear the
recommended protective
equipment and clothing
• Do not eat, drink or smoke
near these materials
• Wash hands after handling
Hazard & Controls
Corrosive Materials • Will burn eyes and skin on • Store acids and bases in
contact separate areas
• Will burn tissues of • Avoid inhaling these materials
respiratory tract if inhaled • Avoid contact with skin and
eyes
• Wear the recommended
protective equipment and
clothing
Dangerously Reactive Material • May be unstable, reacting • Store away from heat
dangerously to jarring, • Avoid shock and friction
compression, heat or exposure • Wear the recommended
to light protective equipment and
• May burn, explode or produce clothing
dangerous gases when mixed
with incompatible materials
Routes of Hazardous Material Exposure
 Inhalation – breathing (e.g., powders, fumes)

 Absorption – skin or mucus membranes
 Ingestion – entry through mouth
 Injection – through skin by foreign body
 Acute Exposure (short term): eye irritation,
nausea,
 dizziness, skin rash, burns, headache
 Chronic Exposure (long term): long-term illness
Examples of Toxic Effects
Preferred ways to Control Hazard
Preference Control Example
1. Eliminate Removing the hazard, eg taking a hazardous

piece of equipment out of service.
2. Substitute Replacing a hazardous substance or process

with a less hazardous one, eg substituting a
hazardous substance with a non-hazardous
substance.
3. Isolation Restricting access to plant and equipment or in

the case of substances locking them away
under strict controls.
4. Engineering Redesign a process or piece of equipment to

make it less hazardous. Isolating the hazard
from the person at risk, eg using a guard or
barrier.
5. Administrative Adopting standard operating procedures

(SOPs) or safe work practices or providing
appropriate training, instruction or information.
6. Personal The provision and use of personal protective

Protective equipment could include using gloves, glasses,
Equipment earmuffs, aprons, safety footwear, dust masks.
Control for Storage Hazards
 Flameproof Fitting-Electric fittings like motors starters,

switches, lamps etc. near the storage tanks containing
flammable material should be of approved flameproof types.
 Earthing & Bonding-Tanks & piping containing flammable

material should have double earthings.Resistance (<10
ohm)should be measur & recorded. Pipe joints/ flanges
should have copper ed bonding to maintain electric continuity. The
filling (Inlet) pipe should be extended up to bottom to avoid free
fall & static charge due to material flow.
 Flange-guards-These are useful to divert the leakage

downwards.
Control for Storage Hazards
 Appropriate PPE’s should be worn by workers to protect

themselves in case of any accidental discharge or exposure.
 Fire Fighting Equipment-Appropriate fire fighting

equipments are to placed near the storage as per applicable
standards. Training & maintenance of these eqpt. is most
essential.
 Water sprinklers & Foam injection systems-These

systems are to provided to cool the tanks & prevent the fire
to spread from one tank to another tank. Water can be used
as scrubbing medium for water soluble gases.
 Emergency shower & Eye washer at storage of

hazardous materials.
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
On- site emergency:

The emergency situation arising with in the
plant premises is called on-site emergency.
The effects of the disaster are with the plant and the
management of such disaster and its effect are
called on-site emergency management plan.
CONCLUSIONS  We learn best through our own
experiences in different phases of our
life.
 Mistakes could be catastrophic in a
chemical plant, but it is a great
opportunity to learn and design a safer
plant in the future.
 We must learn from previous incidents
and develop new procedures, practices
and management systems.
 These incidents have much learning
which reveal many hidden facts about
safety and provide efficient tools for
prevention of similar incidents in the
future.
 Best practices within the industries
must be shared to have safer
environment & “Zero Tolerance”
Any Questions ?
Maru Associates

Safe Chemical Handling

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HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

 Need of Safety for Hazardous Material

Therefore, it is not possible to avoid or prevent

 plant and their role in emergency planning and control

 within and out-side factory premises

MSDS enables users to take the necessary measures

Eliminate/reduce the hazard Engineering Controls

Reduce the hazard Work Practice Controls

Put barrier between worker Personal Protective Equipment

Class & Symbols Characteristics Precautions

protective equipment and

 Inhalation – breathing (e.g., powders, fumes)

1. Eliminate Removing the hazard, eg taking a hazardous

2. Substitute Replacing a hazardous substance or process

3. Isolation Restricting access to plant and equipment or in

4. Engineering Redesign a process or piece of equipment to

5. Administrative Adopting standard operating procedures

6. Personal The provision and use of personal protective

 Flameproof Fitting-Electric fittings like motors starters,

 Earthing & Bonding-Tanks & piping containing flammable

 Flange-guards-These are useful to divert the leakage

 Appropriate PPE’s should be worn by workers to protect

 Fire Fighting Equipment-Appropriate fire fighting

 Water sprinklers & Foam injection systems-These

 Emergency shower & Eye washer at storage of

On- site emergency:

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