Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 23 views

    E=〖mc〗^2

    Uploaded by

    xdanielleye_98868485
    This document defines key concepts in nuclear physics including: - Nuclear fusion as the combining of lighter nuclei, requiring high kinetic energy to overcome repulsion - Nuclear fission as the splitting of a large atom into smaller atoms/nuclei - The electron volt (eV) as a unit used to measure energy in nuclear reactions - Mass defect as the difference between the sum of individual nucleon masses and the actual nuclear mass, with the difference accounted for as binding energy - Binding energy as the energy required to split a nucleus into individual nucleons and as proportional to mass defect

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    E=〖mc〗^2

    Uploaded by

    xdanielleye_98868485
    23 views11 pages
    This document defines key concepts in nuclear physics including: - Nuclear fusion as the combining of lighter nuclei, requiring high kinetic energy to overcome repulsion - Nuclear fission as the splitting of a large atom into smaller atoms/nuclei - The electron volt (eV) as a unit used to measure energy in nuclear reactions - Mass defect as the difference between the sum of individual nucleon masses and the actual nuclear mass, with the difference accounted for as binding energy - Binding energy as the energy required to split a nucleus into individual nucleons and as proportional to mass defect

    Original Title

    E=〖mc〗^2.pptx

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document defines key concepts in nuclear physics including: - Nuclear fusion as the combining of lighter nuclei, requiring high kinetic energy to overcome repulsion - Nuclear fission as the splitting of a large atom into smaller atoms/nuclei - The electron volt (eV) as a unit used to measure energy in nuclear reactions - Mass defect as the difference between the sum of individual nucleon masses and the actual nuclear mass, with the difference accounted for as binding energy - Binding energy as the energy required to split a nucleus into individual nucleons and as proportional to mass defect

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views11 pages

    E=〖mc〗^2

    Uploaded by

    xdanielleye_98868485
    This document defines key concepts in nuclear physics including: - Nuclear fusion as the combining of lighter nuclei, requiring high kinetic energy to overcome repulsion - Nuclear fission as the splitting of a large atom into smaller atoms/nuclei - The electron volt (eV) as a unit used to measure energy in nuclear reactions - Mass defect as the difference between the sum of individual nucleon masses and the actual nuclear mass, with the difference accounted for as binding energy - Binding energy as the energy required to split a nucleus into individual nucleons and as proportional to mass defect

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

    E=

       
    SC1 I can describe energy in terms of electron volts.
       
    SC9 I can define mass defect, binding energy and binding energy per
    nucleon.
       
    SC10 I can recall Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence relationship.
       
    SC11 I can solve problems involving Einstein’s mass-energy
    equivalence relationship.
       
    SC12 I can explain that more energy is released per nucleon in nuclear
    fusion than in nuclear fission because a greater percentage of the
    mass is transformed into energy.
      SC8 I can define
    nuclear fusion.

    I can define artificial transmutation.


    I can distinguish between artificial transmutations and
    natural radioactive decay.

    I can define nuclear fission.


    Artificial Transmutation
    • Nuclear reactions can occur naturally (decay)
    • Can be made artificially by forcing particles together (nuclear reactors,
    particle accelerators).
    Nuclear Fusion
    • Two lighter nuclei combining. Smaller nuclei are “fused” together.
    • Also called “thermonuclear” reactions- they only proceed if the atoms
    have enough thermal (kinetic) energy.
    • Repulsive force between positive nuclei, atoms must get close enough for
    strong nuclear force to take hold.
    Nuclear Fission
    • A reaction that splits a large atom into a number of smaller atoms / nuclei.
    The electron volt (eV)
    • Unit used in nuclear reaction.
    • Joules is too large when looking at individual atoms / nuclei.
    • Definition: amount of work to accelerate 1 electron through 1 volt.
    • 1eV= (charge on 1 electron)
    Mass
    • In nuclear physics, masses are usually stated in a.m.u. (atomic mass units)
    or simply “u”.
    • 1u=kg (approx. mass of a proton or neutron.
    Missing mass
    • When a nucleus is formed, it weighs less than expected. (if you added up
    the mass of individual protons and neutrons)
    • This missing mass is due to the binding energy – energy that has gone
    into holding the nucleus together.

    • Mass and energy are equivalent- you can change one for the other!
    Binding energy
    • Mass defect= sum of all the protons and neutrons – actual mass
    • B.E.=mass defect x
    • Because we are usually working in eV and u, instead of J and kg, use
    931.6MeV as the conversion factor.
    Examples
    • The mass of a proton is 1.007825u. The mass of a neutron is 1.008665u.
    • If the mass of nucleus is 3.016049, calculate the mass defect and hence the
    binding energy of an atom of this isotope. Calculate the binding energy per
    nucleon.
    • A nucleus (mass 232.0372u) decays to a thorium nucleus (mass 228.0287) by
    emitting an alpha particle (mass = 4.0026u).
    a) Write a balanced nuclear equation
    b) Calculated the energy (in MeV) released during this reaction.

    You might also like