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    6 - Tsunami

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    lama
    The document discusses tsunamis, beginning with definitions and the origins of the word "tsunami" from the Japanese language. It then describes how tsunamis form through underwater earthquakes or other sudden disturbances that displace large columns of water. Specifically, it outlines how the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami formed from an earthquake along the boundary between the Indian-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates. Finally, it explains that tsunamis grow in height as they reach shorelines due to differences in wave speeds, and details the widespread destruction and loss of over 280,000 lives caused by the 2004 event.

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    6 - Tsunami

    Uploaded by

    lama
    9 views11 pages
    The document discusses tsunamis, beginning with definitions and the origins of the word "tsunami" from the Japanese language. It then describes how tsunamis form through underwater earthquakes or other sudden disturbances that displace large columns of water. Specifically, it outlines how the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami formed from an earthquake along the boundary between the Indian-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates. Finally, it explains that tsunamis grow in height as they reach shorelines due to differences in wave speeds, and details the widespread destruction and loss of over 280,000 lives caused by the 2004 event.

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    6.-Tsunami

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    The document discusses tsunamis, beginning with definitions and the origins of the word "tsunami" from the Japanese language. It then describes how tsunamis form through underwater earthquakes or other sudden disturbances that displace large columns of water. Specifically, it outlines how the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami formed from an earthquake along the boundary between the Indian-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates. Finally, it explains that tsunamis grow in height as they reach shorelines due to differences in wave speeds, and details the widespread destruction and loss of over 280,000 lives caused by the 2004 event.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    9 views11 pages

    6 - Tsunami

    Uploaded by

    lama
    The document discusses tsunamis, beginning with definitions and the origins of the word "tsunami" from the Japanese language. It then describes how tsunamis form through underwater earthquakes or other sudden disturbances that displace large columns of water. Specifically, it outlines how the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami formed from an earthquake along the boundary between the Indian-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates. Finally, it explains that tsunamis grow in height as they reach shorelines due to differences in wave speeds, and details the widespread destruction and loss of over 280,000 lives caused by the 2004 event.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    6.

    Tsunami, wave of destruction


    6: Tsunami, wave of destruction

    By the end of the lesson you should be able to:

    • Define a Tsunami and identify the origins of the


    word.
    • Describe how a Tsunami forms.
    • Explain why a Tsunami grows in height as it
    approaches the shore.
    • Give examples of the destruction and loss of
    life caused by 2004 Boxing Day Tsunami.
    What is a Tsunami? A Tsunami is a series of
    waves (called a ‘wave train’)
    made in a body of water by
    a sudden disturbance.

    The term Tsunami comes


    from the Japanese language
    meaning ‘harbour wave’. This sudden disturbance
    pushes a large column of
    water upwards creating a
    Tsunami.

    Tsunamis are also called


    ‘seismic sea waves’ or
    ‘tidal waves’.
    How a Tsunami forms

    On 26th December 2004 a Tsunami formed by an underwater


    earthquake engulfed Indonesia, Sri Lanka, the Seychelles,
    Thailand and India. This is how the Tsunami formed

    Before the earthquake the Indian-Australian


    Plate pushes itself under the Eurasian Plate.

    The plates get caught and


    tension develops in the rock.

    Indian Ocean

    Eurasian Plate
    Indian-Australian
    Plate
    How a Tsunami forms
    During the earthquake the enormous tension at the
    edge of the Eurasian Plate becomes too great.

    The edge of the plate comes loose and


    shoots back to its’ starting position.

    The built up tensions suddenly release in an abrupt


    movement which can be felt as an earthquake.

    Indian Ocean

    Eurasian Plate

    Indian-Australian
    Plate
    How a Tsunami forms
    After an earthquake the sea bed
    can move several metres up.

    The water above the plate’s edge


    is displaced in a short time.

    The Tsunami that forms, spreads


    out in a circular movement

    Indian Ocean

    Eurasian Plate

    Indian-Australian
    Plate
    Why did the Tsunami grow in height as it
    approached the shore?

    • Out in the ocean where the Tsunami formed, the water was deep.
    • In deep water the Tsunami ran fast but the wave was small.
    • The front of the wave slows down as it approaches the shore.
    • The back of the wave still goes its original speed
    • So the wave builds in size until it hits the shore.
    The Tsunami was caused by
    an earthquake, just off the
    west coast of Sumatra
    By the end of the day of the 2004 Indian
    Ocean tsunami, it had already killed 150,000
    people. The final death toll was 283,000.

    The Indian Ocean tsunami travelled 3,000


    miles to Africa and still arrived with
    sufficient force to kill people and destroy
    property.
    Many people in Indonesia saw animals fleeing
    to high ground minutes before the tsunami hit.
    Very few animal bodies were found afterward.

    The risk of famine and disease was


    high following the tsunami – bodies
    rotting in the tropical heat,
    contaminated food and water.

    1.7 million people displaced (had their


    homes destroyed) by the Tsunami.
    Show what you have learned

    1. Explore what the word Tsunami means and find out


    which country it originated from.

    2. Draw a series of diagrams to describe how a Tsunami


    forms.

    3. Explain why a Tsunami grows in height as it approaches


    the shore.

    4. Describe the destruction caused by the 2004 Boxing


    Day Tsunami and list the loss of life in each country
    affected by the disaster.

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