Degeneration and Necrosis

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Cell Swelling

Cell Swelling

Cloudy Swelling

Fatty Degeneration

Fatty change

Hyaline Degeneration

Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis

Lipofuscin, wear and tear pigment

Anthracosis, lung

Anthracosis

anthracosis

Silicosis

Asbestosis

Hematin

Hemosiderin

hemosiderin

Bilirubin

Bilirubin

Lipofuscin

Melanin

Melanin

Dystrophic Calcification

Metastatic Calcification

Iron

Coagulative necrosis
 Macroscopic  The macroscopic appearance of an area of

coagulative necrosis is a pale segment of tissue contrasting against surrounding well vascularised tissue and is dry on cut surface. The tissue may later turn red due to inflammatory response. The surrounding surviving cells can aid in regeneration of the affected tissue unless they are stable or permanent.

 Microscopic  The microscopic anatomy shows a lighter

staining tissue (when stained with H&E) containing no nuclei with very little structural damage giving the appearance often quoted as 'ghost cells'. The decreased staining is due to digested nuclei which no longer show up as dark purple when stained with hematoxylin and removed cytoplasmic structures giving reduced amounts of intracellular protein reducing the usual dark pink staining cytoplasm with eosin.

Coagulative necrosis

Coagulative necrosis

Caseous necrosis
 Caseous necrosis describes a form of

biological tissue death, caseous meaning it has a cheese-like appearance. The dead tissue appears as a soft and white proteinaceous dead cell mass, all cellular outline is lost and tissue appears crumbly and cheeselike, usually seen in tuberculosis. Also called caseous degeneration.

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

Caseous necrosis

 Liquefactive necrosis (or colliquative necrosis) is a

type of necrosis which is characteristic of focal bacterial or fungal infections. In liquefactive necrosis, the affected cell is completely digested by hydrolytic enzymes, resulting in a soft, circumscribed lesion consisting of pus and the fluid remains of necrotic tissue. After the removal of cell debris by white blood cells, a fluid filled space is left. It is generally associated with abscess formation and is commonly found in the central nervous system

Liquefactive necrosis

Liquefactive necrosis

Liquefactive necrosis

Liquefactive necrosis

Liquefactive necrosis

Liquefactive necrosis

Gangrene

Gangrene

Fat necrosis
Fat necrosis is a form of necrosis characterized by the action upon fat by digestive enzymes.[1] In fat necrosis the enzyme lipase releases fatty acids from triglycerides. The fatty acids then complex with calcium to form soaps. These soaps appear as white chalky deposits.[2] It is usually associated with trauma of the pancreas or acute pancreatitis.[2][3] It can also occur in the breast[4] and neonates after a traumatic delivery.

Fat necrosis

Fat necrosis

Fat necrosis

Fibrinoid necrosis

Fibrinoid necrosis

Nuclear Death

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