Music of Southeast Asia

GRADE
Music of Southeast
QUARTER
1
Asia
WEEK 1
Prepared by: JESSICA

CORDOVA
Burung Kaka Tua
Rasa Sayang
songs from
the different Chan Mali Chan
countries in Ru Con
Southeast Bahay Kubo
Asia
Loi Loi Krathong
Southeast Asian Music
—often became songs that were sung in
either the local or the imported
Stories from religious texts—such as the language; these songs, in turn,
• Rāmāyaṇa, popularized the new beliefs. Some songs
that blended the old and the new had
• the Mahābhārata, particular powers; in Java, for example,
• the Qurʾ ān, certain songs could be sung to;
• or the Bible • stop heavy rains,
• tame crocodiles, or to
• exorcise malevolent spirits.
In Sumatra, a shaman trained in black-and-white magic could use

eleven different grades of song to entice and capture renegade
tigers that had trespassed onto human lands.
BURUNG KAKATUA
 is a traditional Indonesian Folk Song.
It comes from the Ambon in the
Moluccas, but has spread found in
other parts of the Indonesian
Archipelago and beyond.
Burung Kakatua is from a cockatoo
(kakatua) and the village grandmother
who listens to cockatoo singing.
RASA SAYANG
Rasa Sayang, literally "loving feeling is a folk song in Malay
language.
It is from Maluku, Indonesia, and popular in Malaysia, Singapore
and Philippines.
The basis of Rasa Sayang is similar to Dondang Sayang and other
Malay folk songs, which take their form from the pantun, a
traditional ethnic Malay poetic form.
Rasa Sayang:
Burung Kaka Tua: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=MQn
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTCFS0pgBps&feature=related SM7_kssM
Musical Elements of
Southeast Asia
Musical Elements of Southeast Asia
Music is an art form,

and cultural activity,
whose medium is sound.
Element Description Basic related term
beat, meter, tempo,

RHYTHM the element of "TIME" in music
syncopation
All musical aspects relating to the relative forte, piano, [etc.],

DYNAMICS
loudness (or quietness) of music crescendo, decrescendo
Music include MELODY

the linear/horizontal presentation of pitch.
It is used to describe the highness or
lowness of a musical sound.
pitch, theme, conjunct,
disjunct
common
elements such HARMONY
the verticalization of pitch. Often,
harmony is thought of as the art of
chord, progression,
consonance, dissonance,
as:
combining pitches into chord key, tonality, atonality
register, range, instru

TONE COLOR "tone color" or timbre
mentation
the number of individual musical lines monophonic,

TEXTURE (melodies) and the relation ship these homophonic, polyphonic,
lines have to one another imitation, counterpoint
binary, ternary, strophic,

FORM combination of the musical elements
through-composed
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
INSTRUMENTS
•AEROPHONES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
INSTRUMENTS
•CHORDOPHONES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
INSTRUMENTS
•IDIOPHONES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
INSTRUMENTS
•MEMBRANO-
PHONES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF INSTRUMENTS
• ELECTROPHONES
CAMBODIA
also known as Kampuchea
It was the center of the Khmer (Cambodian) Kingdom of Angkor,
a great empire that dominated Southeast Asia for 600 years.
VOCAL MUSIC
Cambodian court music – features choruses with
large orchestras based on struck keys and gongs
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Pinpeat – musical ensemble that usually accompanies
ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples.
-Instruments included in the ensemble:
INDONESIA
 an archipelago in comprising approximately 17,500 islands

 World’s 4th most populous country with over 238 million
people and also the 4th biggest nation of the world.
INDONESIA
There are two basic kind of Indonesian music scale used in their
vocal and instrumental music:
slendro – five (5) equidistant tones in octave
pelog – heptatonic (7) tone scale with semi-tone
Irama – Indonesian term for tempo

INDONESIA
VOCAL MUSIC
 Pesindhen – female soloist singer who sings with a gamelan
 Gerong – the unison male chorus that sings with the gamelan
INDONESIA
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Gamelan – musical ensemble that contains instruments such as
metallophones, xylophones, kendang and gongs, bamboo flutes,
bowed and plucked strings.
-Instruments included in the ensemble:
1. bonang - brass gongs (idiophone)
2. gender - metallic xylophone (idiophone)
3. saron - xylophone (idiophone)
4. gongs - suspended gongs (idiophone)
5. kendang - drum (membranophone)
6. kenong/ketuk - embossed gongs (idiophone)

THAILAND
Formerly known as Siam, Thailand is known for being the sole
nation in Southeast Asia that has never been ruled by a Western
power.
Also known as “Muang Thai” which means “Land of the Free”.
Music is theoretically based on the five-tone or seven-tone scale
system.
It is not confined to the royal courts but also used extensively in
dance, theater, and in ceremonies.
THAILAND
VOCAL MUSIC
Songs of Thailand have inherently poetic
lyrics which allow a singer or performer to
easily define the melodic lines.
THAILAND
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
• Piphat – a mid sized

orchestra that is
performed in either
outdoor style with hard
mallets or indoor style
with padded mallets.
THAILAND
INSTRUMENTAL
MUSIC
• Khruang sai –
an orchestra that combines some
of the percussion and wind
instruments of the piphat with an
expanded string section. This group
is primarily used for indoor
performances and for the
accompaniment of stick-puppet
theater.
THAILAND
INSTRUMENTAL
MUSIC
• Mahori – traditionally
played by women in
the courts of Central
Thailand and
Cambodia. This
ensemble are
historically smaller.
MALAYSIA
A constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia which is divided into
two regions:
• West Malaysia – also known as Peninsular Malaysia
• East Malaysia – consists of 13 states and 3 federal territories.
Chinese and Indian cultural influences made their mark when
trade began in the country. Trading also increased when
immigrants flocked to Malaysia.
Multiracial groups that influenced Malaysia’s genre include –

Malay, Chinese, Indian, Iban, Dayak, Kadazandusun, Eurasians.
MALAYSIA
VOCAL MUSIC
The music of Malaysia may be categorized into two types:
• Classical and Folk music – emerged during the pre-colonial
period and still exists in the form of vocal, dance, and theatrical
music.
• Syncretic or Acculturated music developed during the post-
Portuguese period (16th century). It contains elements from
both local music and foreign elements of Arabian, Persian,
Indian, Chinese, and Western musical and theatrical sources.
MALAYSIA
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
- Musical instruments of Malaysia are greatly associated with their
culture and roots. Due to colonization, the stages of development
of Malaysian instruments are great. They share some common
features with Indian musical instruments. After the colonization of
Malaysia by the British, the musical development was influenced
by Western music.
MALAYSIA
Musical Ensembles and Types of Performances in Malaysia
1. Agung and Kulintang

- gong-based musical ensemble
commonly used in funerals
and weddings in East
Malaysia.
- This type of ensemble is
similar to the Kulintang of the
Philippines, Brunei, and
Indonesia.
MALAYSIA
Musical Ensembles and Types of Performances in Malaysia
2. Kertok
- a musical ensemble from
the Malay Peninsula that
consists of xylophones
played swiftly and
rhythmically in traditional
Malay function.
MALAYSIA
3. Dikir Barat
-a musical form that is
important to Malaysia’s
national culture. It is
performed by singing in groups
and often in a competitive
manner usually with
percussion instrumental
accompaniment or sometimes
without instruments at all.
MALAYSIA
4. Silat Melayu
-a form of martial art that is
similar to tái chi. It originated in
the Malay
Peninsula since the Christian era
and is a mixture of martial arts,
dance, and music usually
accompanied by gongs, drums,
and Indian oboes.
REFERENCE
:
Grade 8 Learning Material
MUSIC AND ARTS (Southeast Asia) Quarter 1
PHONESCHORDO
MMBRNPHNSEAOOE
AEOOERPHNS

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GRADE

Prepared by: JESSICA

In Sumatra, a shaman trained in black-and-white magic could use

Music is an art form,

beat, meter, tempo,

All musical aspects relating to the relative forte, piano, [etc.],

Music include MELODY

register, range, instru

the number of individual musical lines monophonic,

binary, ternary, strophic,

 an archipelago in comprising approximately 17,500 islands

Irama – Indonesian term for tempo

1. bonang - brass gongs (idiophone)

2. gender - metallic xylophone (idiophone)

3. saron - xylophone (idiophone)

4. gongs - suspended gongs (idiophone)

5. kendang - drum (membranophone)

6. kenong/ketuk - embossed gongs (idiophone)

• Piphat – a mid sized

Multiracial groups that influenced Malaysia’s genre include –

Musical Ensembles and Types of Performances in Malaysia

1. Agung and Kulintang

Musical Ensembles and Types of Performances in Malaysia

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