The Introduction

THE
INTRODUCTION
OPERATING SYSTEM
• A software that acts as an
intermediary between the user
WHAT IS of a computer and the
computer hardware.
AN • Why intermediary?
OPERATIN • Assuming, there are two
G people who speak
different languages, then
SYSTEM? how will they communicate
with each other?
• Why intermediary?
• If Mr. Juan speaks Chinese and
WHAT IS Ms. Juana speaks English, it will
be very difficult for them to
AN communicate.
• Therefore, the solution is to have
OPERATIN another person in between, who
G understands and communicates
in both languages.
SYSTEM? • So, this person in between is
called an intermediate/go-between
who will translate the
communication for Juan and
Juana.
• The same principle also
occurs in computer systems.
WHAT IS • The computer system's
AN hardware is on one side, and
OPERATIN the user is on the other.
G • Without an intermediate
between them, it is not
SYSTEM? possible for the computer
user to operate the computer
system easily and efficiently.
• Operating Systems are
everywhere, from cars and
WHAT IS home appliances that
AN include “Internet of Things”
OPERATIN devices, to smartphones,
personal computers,
G enterprise computers, and
SYSTEM? cloud computing
environments.
Example of OS on Car
• A car’s OS is responsible for managing all of the
different systems and subsystems in a vehicle.
This includes everything from the engine and
transmission to the headlights and infotainment
system.
• A car’s OS is also responsible for managing the
data that is collected by all of the different sensors
in a vehicle.
• The most important thing for a car’s OS to do is to
keep the car running smoothly and safely.
• It monitors all of the different systems in the vehicle
and makes sure that they are working correctly.
• If a problem is detected, the OS will take
appropriate action to fix the problem or to prevent it
from getting worse.
• There are a few different companies that make car
operating systems, but the two most popular are
Android Automotive and Apple CarPlay.
• Android Automotive is used by a number of
different carmakers, including Audi, Volvo, and
Nissan. Apple CarPlay is used by a number of
different carmakers, including BMW, Mercedes-
Benz, and Ferrari.
Example of Home
Applications of Linux-
Based Operating
Systems
• Most electronic devices in many households
require an operating system that relays the
inputted instructions, whether you are
pressing the TV remote or trying to check
your heart rate on your smartwatch, Linux
embedded operating systems usually
provide that graphical user interface.
• We can monitor home security systems from
across town when we're stuck at the office.
• We get push notifications and video when
visitors approach our front door, and we can
communicate with them without even
opening the door.
• We can control lights all around our home
with a simple voice command.
• Manage the computer’s
resources such as the
CPU, Memory, Disk
Functions of Drives, and Printers.
the Operating
• Establish a User Interface
System
• Execute and Provide
services for applications
software.
Abstract
view of the
components
of a
computer
system
System programs - System programs
The Operating communicate and coordinate the
system is always activities and functions of hardware
the one program and software of a system and also
control the operations of the
running on the hardware. An operating system is
computer which is one example of system software.
usually called the
kernel. Along
with the kernel, Application programs - It is
designed for specific tasks like word
there are two other processors, spreadsheets, compilers,
types of programs: programming languages, and web
browsers which are used to solve
users’ computing problems.
It is the central component of
an Operating System.
What is a It is the heart of an operating

kernel? system
It is actually an interface
between the applications and
the operating system.
Video Audio
Computer Gaming
editing editing
Systems can Photo
Office Hardware
be used for editing
presentati
on
troublesh
ooting
a variety of Text Network
Etc.
purposes editing analysis
depending
For each and every purpose, we
on the user install a software for them
Every software demands hardware
functions in order to use it.
Makes the software interact with
the hardware to make specific
tasks done.
Therefor It facilitates the communication

between the application and the
hardware according to the user
e, input.
Kernel… It is not limited to interface but

it starts when the computer
starts and keeps loading until it
will be turned off.
It decides the amount of
resources (RAM, CPU, Printer
and etc.) used by every
application
Therefor Every program must get

unlimited amount of resources
so that all other programs run
e, well and not interrupted.
Kernel… Allow the application to flow

into the memory. It also decides
in order for the program
executed.
In an operating system a user is able to use
different types of system programs and the system
program is responsible for all the application
software performance of the computer.
The system programs are responsible for the

development and execution of a program and they
can be used with the help of a system call.
What is a Acts as an interface
Provides the services of
OS to the process via API
system call? between software
applications and Kernel.
(Application Process
Interface)
When the process is

being executed & it
The only entry requires any resources,
points to the kernel the process will create a
system call (interrupt)
and sends it to the kernel
• Utility program
• It manages, maintains, and controls various
computer resources. Utility programs are
comparatively technical and are targeted at users
Types of with solid technical knowledge.
• Few examples of utility programs are antivirus
system software, backup software, and disk tools.

• Device drivers
programs: • It controls the particular device connected to a
computer system. Device drivers basically act as a
translator between the operating system and devices
connected to the system.
• Example − printer driver, scanner driver, storage
device driver, etc.
• Directory reporting tools
• These tools are required in an operating system to
have some software to facilitate navigation through
the computer system.
• Example − dir, ls, Windows Explorer etc.

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THE

What is a It is the heart of an operating

Therefor It facilitates the communication

Kernel… It is not limited to interface but

Therefor Every program must get

Kernel… Allow the application to flow

The system programs are responsible for the

When the process is

system software, backup software, and disk tools.

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