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    Properties of Metals

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    Gomina Abdulhamid
    Metals are solid minerals that are classified as ferrous or non-ferrous. Ferrous metals contain iron while non-ferrous do not. Metals have properties like conductivity, magnetism, and density. They occur naturally in rocks and are extracted through processes like iron extraction in a blast furnace. Metals exist in various forms for different uses - they can be rods, tubes, sheets, or alloys. Alloys are mixtures of metals that combine properties for strength, wear resistance, and corrosion protection.

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    Properties of Metals

    Uploaded by

    Gomina Abdulhamid
    50 views11 pages
    Metals are solid minerals that are classified as ferrous or non-ferrous. Ferrous metals contain iron while non-ferrous do not. Metals have properties like conductivity, magnetism, and density. They occur naturally in rocks and are extracted through processes like iron extraction in a blast furnace. Metals exist in various forms for different uses - they can be rods, tubes, sheets, or alloys. Alloys are mixtures of metals that combine properties for strength, wear resistance, and corrosion protection.

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    PROPERTIES OF METALS

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    Metals are solid minerals that are classified as ferrous or non-ferrous. Ferrous metals contain iron while non-ferrous do not. Metals have properties like conductivity, magnetism, and density. They occur naturally in rocks and are extracted through processes like iron extraction in a blast furnace. Metals exist in various forms for different uses - they can be rods, tubes, sheets, or alloys. Alloys are mixtures of metals that combine properties for strength, wear resistance, and corrosion protection.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    50 views11 pages

    Properties of Metals

    Uploaded by

    Gomina Abdulhamid
    Metals are solid minerals that are classified as ferrous or non-ferrous. Ferrous metals contain iron while non-ferrous do not. Metals have properties like conductivity, magnetism, and density. They occur naturally in rocks and are extracted through processes like iron extraction in a blast furnace. Metals exist in various forms for different uses - they can be rods, tubes, sheets, or alloys. Alloys are mixtures of metals that combine properties for strength, wear resistance, and corrosion protection.

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    PROPERTIES OF METALS

    LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
    a. Definition metal.
    b. Classification of metals by types.
    c. Properties of metals.
    d. Forms of metals.
    e. Uses of metal
    f. Alloys of metal
    g. Classification of alloy
    h. Importance of alloy
    DEFINITION
    Metals are solid mineral obtained from ores found in
    rocks.

    EXTRACTION OF IRON
    Iron is got from rocks containing iron-ores. The
    extraction is carried out in a blast furnace

    BLAST FURNACE: In the blast furnace, Iron-ore + coke +


    Limestone = pig iron is produced at about 1500OC.
    CLASSIFICATION OF METAL
    Metals are classified into two groups namely, ferrous
    and non-ferrous metals.
    I. Ferrous metals: These are metals that contain
    iron. They are attracted by magnets. They rust
    easily. Examples include steel, razor blade and
    nails.
    II. Non-ferrous metals: These are metals that do
    not contain iron. They cannot be attracted to
    any magnet. They not rust easily. Examples
    include aluminum, copper and cast iron.
    PROPERTIES OF METAL
    1. Density: This means that metals are
    heavy in weight.
    2. Magnetic property: Metals can be
    attracted to magnets.
    3. Conductivity: Metals are good conductors
    of heat and electricity.
    4. Sound test: Different metals produce
    different sounds (sonorous).
    5. Brittleness: Some metals can break under
    heavy weight or pressure. E.g. cast iron.
    1. Ductility: The ability of metals to be stretched
    out in thin wires.
    2. Toughness: The ability of some metals to resist
    breaking, cracking and bending.
    3. Malleability: The ability of metals to be beaten
    to the desired shape after heating.
    4. Hardness: This is the property of some metals
    not to dent.
    5. Fusibility: This is the ability of metals to melt.
    FORMS OF METALS
    1. Round form(rods): this may be in the form of a solid
    cylindrical shape.
    2. Tube form(pipes): these are hollow cylindrical-shaped metals.
    3. Rectangular form: these are blocks of metals with height,
    width and length.
    4. Plate form: these are a sheet of metals of about 2mm to 3mm
    thickness.
    5. Metal Sheets: these are thin sheets of metals less than 2mm in
    thickness.
    6. Channels form: these are I, H and T-shaped beams.
    7. Strips form: these are wire mesh and wire gauze.
    8. Wires: they include electrical cables.
    METALS AND THEIR USES
    1. Cast iron: It is used for producing piston rings and cylinder blocks.
    2. Aluminum: For manufacturing cooking pots, air-craft parts, electrical
    cables and aluminum foil.
    3. High carbon steel: It is used for manufacturing cutting tools, pliers, drill
    bits, punches and hammerheads.
    4. Nichrome: This is an alloy used for manufacturing electrical resistant
    materials.
    5. Mild steel: Used for manufacturing structural work materials, bolts and
    nuts and other non-cutting tools.
    6. Stainless steel: For medical surgery tools and processing chemicals and
    foods.
    7. Zinc: used for enameling and building of car bodies.
    8. Brass: used for decoration and architectural work.
    9. Bronze: used for artistic, sculpture work and decoration.
    ALLOYS OF METALS
    An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals to form a new
    metal.
    CLASSIFICATION OF ALLOYS
    I. Ferrous alloys: Ferrous alloys are the mixtures of two or
    more ferrous metals. Examples include low carbon steel,
    medium carbon steel, high carbon steel, high-speed steel
    etc.
    II. Non-ferrous alloys: This is the mixture of two or more
    non- ferrous metal to form another product.
    Example;
    copper +tin + aluminum = Bronze
    copper + zinc = Brass
    IMPORTANCE OF ALLOYS
    1. For strength.
    2. Wear resistance.
    3. It provides hardness.
    4. Corrosion-resistance.
    REVIEW QUESTIONS
    1. State the two classes of metals.
    2. State at least two examples each of the
    classes of metals.
    3. State and explain five properties of metals
    4. Define an alloy
    5. State two examples of alloys
    6. State at least five uses of metals

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