This document provides information about TCP congestion control and TCP timer management from a lecture on TCP protocols. It discusses how TCP uses congestion windows and policies like slow start and congestion avoidance to control congestion. It also describes the retransmission, persistence, and keepalive timers used in TCP.
This document provides information about TCP congestion control and TCP timer management from a lecture on TCP protocols. It discusses how TCP uses congestion windows and policies like slow start and congestion avoidance to control congestion. It also describes the retransmission, persistence, and keepalive timers used in TCP.
This document provides information about TCP congestion control and TCP timer management from a lecture on TCP protocols. It discusses how TCP uses congestion windows and policies like slow start and congestion avoidance to control congestion. It also describes the retransmission, persistence, and keepalive timers used in TCP.
This document provides information about TCP congestion control and TCP timer management from a lecture on TCP protocols. It discusses how TCP uses congestion windows and policies like slow start and congestion avoidance to control congestion. It also describes the retransmission, persistence, and keepalive timers used in TCP.
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Computer Network
(KCS-603) Session 2020-21
Faculty: Tanvi Shree
Course: B.Tech 6th Semester Department of Information Technology LECTURE-14
TCP Protocol TCP Congestion Control
(a) A fast network feeding a low capacity receiver.
(b) A slow network feeding a high-capacity receiver. TCP Congestion Control • Congestion: If the load offered to any network is more than its capacity. For congestion control TCP use congestion window and a congestion policy. • When a connection is established, the sender initializes the congestion window to the size of the maximum segment in use on the connection. It then sends one maximum segment. Each burst acknowledged doubles the congestion window. • Congestion Policy: 1. Slow start phase: Start slowly increment is exponential to threshold till the timeout occurs and receiver window is reached to the maximum threshold. 2. Congestion Avoidance: After reaching the threshold , increment is by 1 i.e linear. 3. Congestion detection phase: Sender either goes back to slow start phase or Congestion Avoidance phase by decreasing window size.. When a timeout occurs, the threshold is set to half of the current congestion window, and the congestion window is reset to one maximum segment. An example of the Internet congestion TCP Timer Management • Retransmission timer: When a segment is sent, a retransmission timer is started. If the segment is acknowledged before the timer expires, the timer is stopped. If, on the other hand, the timer goes off before the acknowledgement comes in, the segment is retransmitted (and the timer started again).
• Persistence timer is designed to prevent a deadlock situation
where, the sender keeps waiting for a window update from the receiver, which is lost. When the persistence timer goes off, the sender transmits a probe to the receiver. The response to the probe gives the window size.
• Keepalive timer: When a connection has been idle for a long
time, the keepalive timer may go off to cause one side to check whether the other side is still there. If it fails to respond, the connection is terminated.
