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    Presion Capilary Historia de La Saturacion

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    Jhonny Vacaflores Jimenez
    1) Capillary pressure curves show the relationship between fluid saturation and capillary pressure in a rock, with distinct drainage and imbibition curves due to hysteresis. 2) The same capillary pressure value can correspond to different saturations depending on the saturation history of the rock. 3) Rock type refers to formations deposited under similar conditions that have undergone similar alteration processes, resulting in similar pore properties that impact capillary pressure curves.

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    Presion Capilary Historia de La Saturacion

    Uploaded by

    Jhonny Vacaflores Jimenez
    221 views16 pages
    1) Capillary pressure curves show the relationship between fluid saturation and capillary pressure in a rock, with distinct drainage and imbibition curves due to hysteresis. 2) The same capillary pressure value can correspond to different saturations depending on the saturation history of the rock. 3) Rock type refers to formations deposited under similar conditions that have undergone similar alteration processes, resulting in similar pore properties that impact capillary pressure curves.

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    1) Capillary pressure curves show the relationship between fluid saturation and capillary pressure in a rock, with distinct drainage and imbibition curves due to hysteresis. 2) The same capillary pressure value can correspond to different saturations depending on the saturation history of the rock. 3) Rock type refers to formations deposited under similar conditions that have undergone similar alteration processes, resulting in similar pore properties that impact capillary pressure curves.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    221 views16 pages

    Presion Capilary Historia de La Saturacion

    Uploaded by

    Jhonny Vacaflores Jimenez
    1) Capillary pressure curves show the relationship between fluid saturation and capillary pressure in a rock, with distinct drainage and imbibition curves due to hysteresis. 2) The same capillary pressure value can correspond to different saturations depending on the saturation history of the rock. 3) Rock type refers to formations deposited under similar conditions that have undergone similar alteration processes, resulting in similar pore properties that impact capillary pressure curves.

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Capillary Pressure and Saturation History

    Capillary Pressure in Reservoir Rock

    DRAINAGE AND IMBIBITION CAPILLARY PRESSURE CURVES


    DRAINAGE Fluid flow process in which the saturation of the nonwetting phase increases

    IMBIBITION

    Drainage

    Fluid flow process in which the saturation of the wetting phase increases

    Pc
    Pd

    Saturation History - Hysteresis


    - Capillary pressure depends on both direction of change, and previous saturation history - Blue arrow indicates probable path from drainage curve to imbibition curve at Swt=0.4 - At Sm, nonwetting phase cannot flow, resulting in residual nonwetting phase saturation (imbibition)

    Imbibition
    Swi Sm

    0
    Modified from NExT, 1999, after

    0.5

    1.0

    Sw

    - At Swi, wetting phase cannot flow, resulting in irreducible wetting phase saturation (drainage)

    Saturation History
    The same Pc value can occur at more than one wetting phase saturation

    Rock Type
    Rock Type (Archies Definition - Jorden and Campbell)
    Formations that ... have been deposited under similar conditions and ... undergone similar processes of later weathering, cementing, or re-solution....

    Pore Systems of a Rock Type (Jorden and Campbell)


    A given rock type has particular lithologic (especially pore space) properties and similar and/or related petrophysical and reservoir characteristics

    Thomeers Parameters for Capillary Pressure Curves


    Thomeers Data
    Mercury Injection - drainage
    Very high capillary pressures

    (Vb)P The (assymptotically approached) fraction of bulk volume occupied by mercury at infinite capillary pressure (similar to previous parameter, irreducible wetting phase saturation) Pd Displacement Pressure, capillary pressure required to force nonwetting phase into largest pores (same as previously discussed) G Parameter describing pore-size distribution (similar to previous parameter, 1/. Increasing G (or decreasing ), suggests poor sorting, and/or tortuous flow paths)

    Figures 2.4 and 2.5

    (Vb) p = is the fractional volume occupied by Hg at infinite pressure, or total interconnected pore volume. pd is the extrapolated Hg displacement pressure (psi); pressure required to enter largest pore throat.

    G is pore geometrical

    PT = PORE THROAT P - PORE

    factor; range in size and tortuosity of pore throats.

    Large pd = small pore thorats Large G = tortuous, poorly


    sorted pore thorats

    Modfied from Jordan and Campbell, 1984, vol. 1

    Note variation in pore properties and permeability within a formation

    Modfied from Jordan and Campbell, 1984, vol. 1

    Figure 2.8 size: lower fine sorting: very well sorted

    Modfied from Jordan and Campbell, 1984, vol. 1

    Figure 2.9 size: lower fine sorting: moderately sorted

    Modfied from Jordan and Campbell, 1984, vol. 1

    Figure 2.10 size: upper very fine sorting: moderately sorted

    Modfied from Jordan and Campbell, 1984, vol. 1

    Figure 2.11 -effect of significant cementing and clay

    Modfied from Jordan and Campbell, 1984, vol. 1

    Figure 2.12
    Effect of Dispersed Clays

    Modfied from Jordan and Campbell, 1984, vol. 1; after Neasham, 1977

    Capillary Pressure in Reservoirs


    A B dpw=wg/D dh dpo=og/D dh Free Water Level
    Depth

    Reservoir, o
    3 2 1

    Pc = po-pw = 0

    Aquifer, w
    Pressure

    Fluid Distribution in Reservoirs


    Fault

    Capillary pressure difference between gas and oil phases in core B Pc,go = h2g (o-g)
    Oil, Gas & Water

    Gas & Water Gas density = g

    h2

    Free Oil Level


    A Oil & Water Oil density = o

    h1

    Free Water Level Capillary pressure difference between oil and water phases in core A Pc,ow = h1g (w-o)

    Water

    Water density = w

    Modified from NExT, 1999, modified after Welge and Bruce, 1947

    RELATION BETWEEN CAPILLARY PRESSURE AND FLUID SATURATION


    Height Above Free Water Level (Feet)

    J-Function - for k, Lab Data -Lab Fluids: , -Core sample: k, J-Function


    Pd 0 0 50 100 Pc

    Reservoir Data

    Pc

    Oil-Water contact
    Pd
    Hd 0 50 100

    0 0

    50

    100

    Free Water Level

    Sw (fraction)

    Sw (fraction)

    Sw (fraction)

    Modified from NExT, 1999, after

    Saturation in Reservoir vs. Depth


    Results from two analysis methods (after ABW)
    Laboratory capillary pressure curve
    Converted to reservoir conditions

    Analysis of well logs


    Water saturation has strong effect on resistivity curves (future topic)

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