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    Composition & Functions of Blood

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    Shahroze Alam
    Hematology is the study of blood. Blood is a complex fluid tissue composed of plasma and formed elements. Plasma contains water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, and respiratory gases. Formed elements include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. White blood cells protect the body from disease. Platelets help the blood to clot. The liver and spleen produce blood cells early in development, and later the bone marrow becomes the main site of blood cell formation.

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    Composition & Functions of Blood

    Uploaded by

    Shahroze Alam
    59 views15 pages
    Hematology is the study of blood. Blood is a complex fluid tissue composed of plasma and formed elements. Plasma contains water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, and respiratory gases. Formed elements include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. White blood cells protect the body from disease. Platelets help the blood to clot. The liver and spleen produce blood cells early in development, and later the bone marrow becomes the main site of blood cell formation.

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    Hematology is the study of blood. Blood is a complex fluid tissue composed of plasma and formed elements. Plasma contains water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, and respiratory gases. Formed elements include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. White blood cells protect the body from disease. Platelets help the blood to clot. The liver and spleen produce blood cells early in development, and later the bone marrow becomes the main site of blood cell formation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    59 views15 pages

    Composition & Functions of Blood

    Uploaded by

    Shahroze Alam
    Hematology is the study of blood. Blood is a complex fluid tissue composed of plasma and formed elements. Plasma contains water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, and respiratory gases. Formed elements include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. White blood cells protect the body from disease. Platelets help the blood to clot. The liver and spleen produce blood cells early in development, and later the bone marrow becomes the main site of blood cell formation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Composition &

    Functions of Blood
    (Cellular elements)
    WHAT IS HEMATOLOGY?

    "Hematology" comes from the Greek words


    haima, meaning blood, and logos, meaning
    study or science. So, hematology is the
    science of blood.
    Blood

    Blood is a complex fluid tissue. Its circulates in a


    closed system of blood vessels and heart.
    The normal adult total circulatory blood volume is
    about 8% of the total body weight(5600 ml in 70
    kg man).
    The Blood Throughout Life

    First blood cells develop with the earliest


    blood vessels
    Mesenchyme cells cluster into blood islands
    Late in the second month
    Liver and spleen take over blood formation
    Bone marrow becomes major hematopoietic
    organ at month 7
    COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
    A centrifuge separates blood into two components.
    Composition of Blood

    Blood is the body’s only fluid tissue

    It is composed of liquid plasma and formed
    elements
     Formed elements include:
    • Erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs)
    • Leukocytes, or white blood cells (WBCs)
    • Platelets
     Hematocrit –the percentage of RBCs/ Formed
    elements out of the total blood volume
    Composition of blood (Percentages)
    Blood plasma contains over 100 solutes, including:
    Blood plasma

    Proteins –albumin, globulins, clotting proteins,


    and others
    Lactic acid, urea, creatinine
    Organic nutrients –glucose, carbohydrates, amino
    acids
    Electrolytes –sodium, potassium, calcium,
    chloride, bicarbonate
    Respiratory gases –oxygen and carbon dioxide
    Plasma proteins
    Albumin
    Helps control osmotic pressure
    Helps control diffusion of water (recall edema)
    Globulin
    Includes antibodies (Abs)
    Transport proteins (lipids, iron, copper, etc.)
    Fibrinogen
    Involved in clotting
    Serum
    Is the liquid and solute component of blood which
    does not play a role in clotting.
    It allows substance to stick to the molecules within the
    serum and be buried within it.
    Formed Elements
     Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets make up the
    formed elements
    Only WBCs are complete cells
    RBCs have no nuclei or organelles, and platelets are
    just cell fragments
     Most formed elements survive in the bloodstream for
    only a few days
     Most blood cells do not divide but are renewed by cells
    in bone marrow
    The formed elements
    What are the Characteristics of different types of blood cells?
    RBCs: contain red haemoglobinwhich enables RBCs to
    carry oxygenand some carbon dioxide

    WBCs: lymphocytes& phagocytes, protect us from


    diseases

    Platelets: broken cell fragments, help in blood clotting


    Formed Elements
    Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most numerous cells in
    the body. They circulate for about four months before
    being recycled; millions are produced each second.
    The hemoglobin inside transports oxygen from the
    lungs to peripheral tissues and carbon dioxide from the
    tissues to the lungs.

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