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    Y10T2W2L1

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    sohaila ibrahim
    This document provides information about redox reactions and corrosion of metals. It discusses the following key points: - Rusting of iron is an oxidation reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen and water. Salt accelerates the rusting process. - Methods to prevent rusting include using barrier methods like painting, galvanizing, or sacrificial protection where a more reactive metal is used to protect iron. - Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between oxidizing and reducing agents. Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons. - Metals can form oxides, hydroxides, or salts depending on if they react with oxygen, water, or acids

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    Y10T2W2L1

    Uploaded by

    sohaila ibrahim
    13 views29 pages
    This document provides information about redox reactions and corrosion of metals. It discusses the following key points: - Rusting of iron is an oxidation reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen and water. Salt accelerates the rusting process. - Methods to prevent rusting include using barrier methods like painting, galvanizing, or sacrificial protection where a more reactive metal is used to protect iron. - Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between oxidizing and reducing agents. Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons. - Metals can form oxides, hydroxides, or salts depending on if they react with oxygen, water, or acids

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    This document provides information about redox reactions and corrosion of metals. It discusses the following key points: - Rusting of iron is an oxidation reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen and water. Salt accelerates the rusting process. - Methods to prevent rusting include using barrier methods like painting, galvanizing, or sacrificial protection where a more reactive metal is used to protect iron. - Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between oxidizing and reducing agents. Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons. - Metals can form oxides, hydroxides, or salts depending on if they react with oxygen, water, or acids

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    13 views29 pages

    Y10T2W2L1

    Uploaded by

    sohaila ibrahim
    This document provides information about redox reactions and corrosion of metals. It discusses the following key points: - Rusting of iron is an oxidation reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen and water. Salt accelerates the rusting process. - Methods to prevent rusting include using barrier methods like painting, galvanizing, or sacrificial protection where a more reactive metal is used to protect iron. - Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between oxidizing and reducing agents. Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons. - Metals can form oxides, hydroxides, or salts depending on if they react with oxygen, water, or acids

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    Y10 Chemistry

    Reactivity series
    12/01/2020
    Learning Objectives
    • 2.18 know the conditions under which iron rusts
    •  
    • 2.19 understand how the rusting of iron may be prevented by:
    ○ barrier methods
    ○ galvanising
    ○ sacrificial protection
    •  
    • 2.20 in terms of gain or loss of oxygen and loss or gain of electrons,
    understand the terms:
    ○ oxidation
    ○ reduction
    ○ redox
    ○ oxidising agent
    • reducing agent, in terms of gain or loss of oxygen and loss or gain of
    electrons.( OILRIG)
    Success Criteria
    1. Understand the process of redox
    2. Deduce products of displacement reactions
    Let’s watch
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jyvcVjrZn
    JA&ab_channel=Cognito
    Reactivity series
    In order to extract a metal, the ore or compound of the
    metal must undergo REDUCTION to free the metal.

    Reduction is the LOSS of oxygen or REMOVAL of oxygen


    from a compound.

    Generally speaking the method of extraction depends upon


    the metals position in the reactivity series.
    • Oxidation is Loss of electrons; Reduction Is Gain
    of electrons

    OILRIG
    Reduction and oxidation
    lead oxide + carbon lead + carbon dioxide
    2PbO(s) + C(s) 2Pb(s) + CO2(g)

    carbon is oxidised
    lead oxide is
    reduced
    Oxidation is the gain of oxygen, reduction is the loss of
    oxygen
    Corrosion of metals

    Metals corrode when they are


    left in contact with air or water.

    Which metals corrode quickly


    and which corrode slowly?

    When iron corrodes, it is called rusting.

    Rusting is the oxidation reaction of iron


    with oxygen in the presence of water.

    iron + oxygen  iron oxide

    2Fe + 3O2  Fe2O3

    10 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    Does salt make iron rust faster?

    People who live by the seaside often claim that their cars go
    rusty faster.
    Does salt speed up the rate of the rusting reaction?

    11 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    Lets watch

    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0C
    AfXV-YdY&ab_channel=Cognito

    12 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    Preventing rust

    Rusting destroys a huge amount of iron and steel every day.

    People spend a lot of money making sure that their iron and
    steel buildings, engines, lorries and ships do not rust.

    What methods could you use to prevent things rusting?

    painting plastic coating

    galvanising oiling

    13 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    Iron

    • Iron rusts in the presence of water and


    oxygen
    • Rusting is accelerated (speeded up) in the
    presence of electrolytes (contains ions) such
    as salt
    • Many metals corrode but only the corrosion
    of iron is called rusting

    • The formula of rust is: Fe2O3.xH2O

    14 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    Preventing rusting by using barriers:

    • To keep water and oxygen away from iron


    • Can be done by: painting it, coating it in oil
    or grease, or covering it with plastic
    • Once the coating breaks – the iron will rust
    • You can also coat the iron with a metal
    below it in the reactivity series (e.g. Tin) but
    again, once the coating gets broken, the iron
    will rust

    15 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    Alloying

    • Can make alloys of iron with chromium


    or nickel to produce stainless steel
    • Prevents rusting
    • Is expensive

    16 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    Rusting: sacrificial protection

    Sacrificial protection is another way of preventing rust.

    This involves attaching big blocks


    of magnesium or zinc to the iron
    hull of a ship or water pipe.

    Because magnesium is
    more reactive than iron,
    it corrodes first, leaving
    the iron intact.
    reactive
    Eventually the magnesium metal
    blocks have to be replaced
    iron
    because they have
    corroded completely away.

    17 of 53 © Boardworks Ltd 2008


    03/09/2023
    Reactions of metals with oxygen
    When a metal reacts with oxygen it will form a METAL
    OXIDE. This is what happens when a metal rusts or burns.

    METAL + OXYGEN METAL OXIDE

    Mg O O O
    Mg
    Mg Mg
    O O O

    Copy and complete the following reactions:


    1) Magnesium + oxygen
    2) Copper + oxygen
    3) Calcium + oxygen
    4) Iron + oxygen
    03/09/2023
    Reactions of metals with water
    When a metal reacts with water hydrogen is always given off.
    The other product will be either a metal hydroxide or a metal
    oxide.

    METAL +STEAM
    WATER METAL OXIDE + HYDROGEN
    METAL + WATER METAL HYDROXIDE + HYDROGEN

    Copy and complete the following reactions:


    1) Sodium + water
    2) Potassium + water
    3) Calcium + water
    4) Iron + steam
    03/09/2023
    Reactions of metals with acids
    METAL + ACID SALT + HYDROGEN

    e.g. magnesium + hydrochloric acid magnesium chloride + hydrogen

    H Cl
    Cl Mg H
    Mg
    H
    H Cl
    Cl

    Copy and complete the following reactions:


    1) Calcium + hydrochloric acid
    2) Zinc + hydrochloric acid
    3) Iron + hydrochloric acid
    4) Lithium + sulphuric acid
    03/09/2023
    Complete the following reactions:

    1) Lithium + water Lithium hydroxide + hydrogen


    2) Lithium + hydrochloric acid Lithium chloride + hydrogen
    3) Silver + oxygen Silver oxide
    4) Magnesium + sulphuric acid Magnesium sulphate + hydrogen
    5) Potassium + oxygen Potassium oxide
    6) Aluminium + oxygen Aluminium oxide
    7) Manganese + water Manganese oxide + hydrogen
    8) Sodium + sulphuric acid Sodium sulphate + hydrogen
    9) Lithium + oxygen Lithium oxide
    10) Nickel + hydrochloric acid Nickel chloride + hydrogen
    Displacement reactions
    03/09/2023

    A displacement reaction is one where a MORE REACTIVE metal will


    DISPLACE a LESS REACTIVE metal from a compound.

    Magnesium Copper sulphate

    Mg Cu SO4

    The magnesium
    DISPLACES the copper
    from copper sulphate

    Mg SO4 Cu

    Magnesium sulphate Copper


    Magnesium + copper sulphate magnesium sulphate + copper
    © Boardworks Ltd 2003
    © Boardworks Ltd 2003
    © Boardworks Ltd 2003
    © Boardworks Ltd 2003
    1. Which of the following metals is most likely
    to occur native?

    A. Sodium
    B. Zinc
    C. Iron
    D. Gold

    © Boardworks Ltd 2003


    2. Which of the following metals has to be
    extracted by electrolysis?

    A. Sodium
    B. Zinc
    C. Iron
    D. Gold

    © Boardworks Ltd 2003

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