49 th

Nutrition
Month

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 •Bakit ba tuwing New Year, Kasi pampa-swerte!
super bili tayo ng prutas?

Kung nagbibigay swerte, bakit hindi araw-araw kumain ng prutas?

Photo accessed from: https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/multimedia/photo/12/27/22/buying-round-fruits-for-new-year 2
 Anong ulam?

Gulay
Walang karne?

Mayaman ka ba?

Photo from: https://panlasangpinoy.com/23-easy-filipino-vegetable-recipes/ 3

 Pagkain?

Load?
Lotto?
Yosi?

Photo from: https://www.modernfilipina.ph/careers/money-investments/the-50-peso-saving-challenge

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 Magtatanim?

Mag-tongits?
Mag-tagay?
Matulog?
Mag-Marites?
Photo from: https://fo10.dswd.gov.ph/lgu-hopeful-to-solve-malnutrition-through-gardening/
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 To import?

Not to Import?
Photo from: https://ptvnews.ph/5-asian-firms-seen-to-bag-rice-supply-contracts/sacks-of-rice/ 6
Food
affordability
Capacity to pay a market price for food compared to the
proportion of a household’s income and other expenses

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Poverty incidence of families and of population, 2015-2021

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Mean food cost of households, by major food group and wealth quintile,2018-
2019.
Food Group All Poorest Poor Middle Rich Richest
Cereals and cereal products 71.5 66.9 68.8 69.7 72.5 82.4
Rice and rice products 50.4 49.3 50.1 50.1 50.4 52.4
Starchy roots and tubers 2.2 1.6 1.2 1.0 2.8 4.2
Sugars and syrups 4.0 2.0 3.8 3.9 4.5 5.5
Fats and oils 5.3 3.9 4.6 5.2 6.2 7.3
Fish and fish products 42.8 32.3 28.0 43.2 47.1 58.1
Meat and meat products 37.1 14.3 24.4 37.7 49.8 62.4
Poultry 18.1 7.8 12.2 17.1 25.3 33.0
Eggs 10.4 7.4 10.6 10.7 11.2 13.0
Milk 11.1 4.8 7.3 10.0 14.5 22.1
Vegetables 26.6 22.5 24.0 25.8 28.4 34.4
Fruits 5.6 2.9 3.7 5.0 6.5 11.3
Others 18.9 14.1 27.2 19.9 17.2 32.1
Total 253.6 181.3 215.6 250.1 286.0 365.8
Source: DOST-FNRI (2022a). From Briones, R. [18] 9
 Filipinos tend to misallocate food spending
Daily Cost of Recommended Diet and Expenditure
• More is spent on starchy per Adult Male Equivalent, 2015.
staples, meat, fish and nuts
than the dietary
recommendation
• Underspend on vegetables,
fruits, milk and meat
• Too much spent on fats and
oils
• But Filipinos cannot afford
the cost of a nutritious diet
Source: Mbuya et al (2021) from Briones, R. 10
Food is getting more expensive!
• Global food prices increased due to
Annual Inflation Rate, 2019-2022 (%) pandemic, bad weather and rise in cost
2019 2021 2022 of fuel and fertilizer
Rice -4.2 -0.7 2.5 • Overall food inflation rate reached 10%
Flour, bread, bakery products 3.5 2.0 9.8
Fish 3.9 6.4 9.4
in the country in 2022
Meat 3.8 13.4 11.5 • Filipinos pay 40% higher for food
Fruits 5.2 -0.1 4.9 compared to countries in the region
Vegetables 2.7 4.8 16.0
because of continued focus on
Dairy 2.4 1.1 8.7
Fats and oils 1.6 5.6 20.4
supporting rice production at the cost of
Other food 4.5 1.3 8.1 other agricultural products
Food 1.5 4.5 9.8 • High levels of trade protection for
All items 2.4 3.9 7.7
nutrient-rich foods increases cost of
Source: PSA (2022) (From: Briones, R., PIDS, 2022). production compared to cheaper
imports

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Levels of diet quality

Source: Herforth et a. 2020 from “Food Affordability - The role of the food industry in providing affordable, nutritious foods to support healthy and
sustainable diets” downloaded from https://www.wbcsd.org/contentwbc/download/14604/208448/1

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Sustainable
Healthy diets
• Inclusion of plant-based foods in daily
consumption (including vegetables,
fruits, whole grains, legumes and nuts)
and decrease in consumption of red
meat, sugar and refined grains to
nurture health and supports
environmental sustainability to reduce
production of greenhouse gases that
contributes to the global climate
change problem
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• Breastfeeding, complementary feeding • Highly processed foods and drinks
for infants/young children • High in sugar, sodium, saturated fats and
• Unprocessed, balanced across food contain trans-fatty acids that increase risk
groups to disease
• Water as fluid of choice • Cause food-borne diseases
• Safe • Antibiotics and hormones in food
production
• Preserves biodiversity
• High greenhouse gas emissions, chemical
• Reduces food loss and waste pollutants
• Less use of plastics in packaging • Results to overfishing and overhunting
• Culturally-acceptable and desirable • Adverse gender-related impact
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Filipinos are not consuming healthy diets
 2% or 5.3 million are severely food insecure
 33.4% or 42 million are moderately food insecure
 60 % of infants under 6 months are exclusively breastfeeding
 13.3% of children 6-23 months meet the minimum acceptable diet
 9 out of every 10 Filipinos do not meet their energy requirements

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Filipinos can’t afford a healthy diet
• 68.6% or about 75.2 million cannot afford a healthy
Year In Pesos
diet in 2020
• Cost of a healthy diet in 2020: Php243.5 per person
2017 226.60
per day
• A household of five members will need Php1,212
2018 236.04
per day to consume healthy meals in a day
• PSA estimates that a family of five needs Php400
2019 238.90
per day to meet their basic food and non-food
needs
• Minimum wage in Metro Manila is Php570 in 2022 2020
Source: FAO
242.3

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 Percentage of households unable to afford nutritious diet

Energy-only diet (Php108)

Nutritious diet (Php206)

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Source: Fill the Nutrient Gap Philippine Summary Report, WFP/DOST-FNRI/UNICEF (2018)
Not consuming healthy diets results to
• Increased risk of obesity, heart disease, diabetes, cancer
• Stress, tiredness, reduced capacity to work (short-term)
• Undernutrition including stunting, wasting,
• Micronutrient deficiencies or excess
• Increased risk of dying and disability- adjusted life years (DALYs)*
• Violation of the human right to adequate food
• Not meet Sustainable Development Goals particularly Goal 2 on ending
hunger and all forms of malnutrition

* DALYs for a disease or health condition are the sum of the years of life lost to due to premature
mortality (YLLs) and the years lived with a disability (YLDs) due to prevalent cases of the disease or
health condition in a population (WHO).
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Some actions to support affordable healthy
diets
Plans/
Laws Policies
Programs
• First 1000 Days • Policy on TFA • PDP
Law (RA 11148) elimination • PPAN
• Tax on Sweetened • Healthy Food • 4Ps
beverages Options in Schools • Kadiwa ni Ani
• Food fortification (DepED Order 13 • Dietary
• Salt iodization S. 2017 Supplementation
• Nutrition Labelling • Health Promotion
Strategy
• Urban gardening

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Recommended actions for sustainable healthy
diets
1. Address inequities and inequalities and consider the perspective of people
who experience poverty and deprivation
2. Promote capacity development strategies for behavior change, including
consumer empowerment and effective food and nutrition education
3. Quantify and balance the potential trade-offs to make sustainable healthy
diets available, accessible, affordable, safe, and appealing for all
4. Develop national food-based dietary guidelines that define context-specific
sustainable healthy diets by considering the social, cultural, economic,
ecological, and environmental circumstances

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Policy actions
for Food System
transformation

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Policy actions for Food System transformation

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Practical Ways to Consume Healthier Diets

1. Create a meal plan and refer to the Pinggang Pinoy.

2. Cook meals at home instead of eating outside the home.
3. Incorporate fruits, vegetables, legumes and nuts in daily meals.
Choose green leafy vegetables that are relatively inexpensive
and rich in protein.
4. Avoid buying highly processed foods and instead buy whole
foods.
5. Replace meat with other proteins such as legumes, eggs, small
fishes and canned fish.
6. Grow own foods at home or in communities.
2023 Nutrition Month Objectives

1. Engage consumers to support improvements in levels of diet quality

towards sustainable healthy diets;

2. Generate participation of stakeholders at various levels on actions towards

enabling access to affordable sustainable healthy diets; and,

3. Call support for the Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 2023-2028 as
the framework for action to improve nutrition security.

49th Nutrition Month

Key Messages for Individuals, Families and Communities

1. Start children on a healthy diet with exclusive breastfeeding in the first six
months and continued breastfeeding up to two years and beyond with
appropriate complementary feeding.

2. Eat a variety of unprocessed or minimally processed foods, balanced across

food groups, while restricting highly processed food and drink products.

3. Have family and community food gardens as an additional source of food.

4. Buy food from local farmers.

49th Nutrition Month

Key Messages for Policy-makers
1. Issue legislation and policies that provide subsidies for fruits and vegetables
and improve food value chains.

2. Reduce the availability of unhealthy food through taxation, restrictions on

marketing and consumer education.

3. Rechannel resources to agriculture to enable access to affordable nutritious

and safe food.

4. Implement the PPAN 2023-2028 by scaling up food and nutrition security

interventions.

49th Nutrition Month

Key Messages for Food Industry Players

1. Reformulate food products to reduce salt/sodium, saturated fat, free sugars

2. Eliminate the use of hydrogenized or partially hydrogenized oils to remove

trans-fatty acids from food products

3. Produce healthier food products with less processing.

49th Nutrition Month

Ways to Support Nutrition Month Campaign:

1. Review organization plans and budget and tweak to include nutrition-related

activities and services.
2. Disseminate information about Nutrition Month through streamers, websites, and
social media.
3. Participate in Nutrition Month activities of the NNC and other
4. agencies.
5. Conduct webinars and online fora for the general public recognizing the
importance of healthy and affordable diet.
6. Provide services to address food insecurity.
7. Conduct Nutrition Month activities related to the theme, such as activities on
how to promote healthy and affordable diet.

49th Nutrition Month

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49th Nutrition Month

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