SLIDESMANI

SLIDESMANI
Science Technology
and Society
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PHILIPPINE
INDEPENDENCE
• In 1946, the Bureau of Science was replaced by the
Institute of Science and was placed under the Office
of the President of the Philippines.
• In 1958, during the regime of President Carlos P.
Garcia, the Philippine Congress passed the Science
Act of 1958 which established the National Science
Development Board.
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POST COLONIAL PERIOD

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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 FERDINAND
MARCOS SR.
The role of Science & Technology in
National Dev’t was emphasized.
He mandated the DECS now DepED
to promote science courses in public
high school
He proclaimed the 35-hectare lot in
Bicutan Taguig as the Philippine
Science Community, now the site of
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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 FERDINAND
MARCOS SR.
He assigned the Philippine Coconut
Research Institute (PHILCORIN) to
promote the modernization of the
coconut industry.
Established agencies such as NFA,
PAGASA, NAST (National Academy
of Science and Technology- to be
reservoir of scientific expertise in the
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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 CORAZON ‘CORY’
AQUINO
 In 1986, NSTA (National Science and
technology Authority) was renamed
as DOST that plays an integral role in
the country’s sustainable economic
recovery and growth.
 The Science and Technology Master
Plan was crafted aiming to be a
Newly Industrialized Country.
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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 FIDEL V. RAMOS
 The Philippines had approximately
3,000 competent scientists & engineers.
 “Doctors to the Barrio Program”
healthcare service for far-flung areas.
 RA 7687- S&T Scholarship Act of
1994
 RA 7459- Investors & Invention Act
 RA 8293- Intellectual Property Code
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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 JOSEPH ESTRADA
RA 8749- The Philippine Clean Air
Act of 1999
RA 8792- Electronic Commerce Act
of 2000
He was also responsible for
implementing cost-effective irrigation
technologies and basic health care
services for those who cannot afford.
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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO
 S&T sectors were developed to strengthen
the education system and to address
poverty.
 “Filipinnovation” was coined to refer the
Philippines as an innovation hub in Asia.
 RA 9367- Biofules Act- to utilized
indigenous materials as source of energy.
 RA 10601- Agriculture & fisheries
Mechanization
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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 BENIGNO ‘NOYNOY AQUINO JR.
 Project Nationwide Operational
Assessment of Hazards (NOAH) in
2012 a more integrated and responsive
system to deal with disasters.
 Initiated K-12 Curriculum
 Valley Fault System Atlas (VFSA)
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POST COLONIAL
PERIOD
 RODRIGO R. DUTERTE
At present, the S&T sector is seen
tobe a priority based on the budget
for Research & Dev’t (From 5 Billion
in 2010 to 20.8 billion in 2017)
Philippine Space Technology
Program launched Diwata-2 in 2018
that displayed Philippine flag in
space
 MAJOR DEV’T AND
PROGRAMS IN S&T
1. Balik Science Program- encourage Filipino scientists to return and reside
in the Philippines and share their expertise for the dev’t of the country.
2. Order of National Scientist- the highest honor conferred by the President
of the Republic of the Philippines to a Filipino with outstanding
achievement in S&T
3. Forest Products Research and Devt’- created in 1954, conduct research
and dev’t on wood and non-wood forest products.
SLIDESMANIA
 MAJOR DEV’T AND
PROGRAMS IN S&T
4. Philippine Nuclear Research Institute- conducts research on safe of
nuclear energy and peaceful application of nuclear science in the Ph.
5. Project NOAH- harness technologies and management services for
disaster risk reduction activities.
6. Grant-In-Aid Program- providing financial grants for S&T prgrams
and projects.
SLIDESMANIA
 SLIDESMANI
MAJOR PERSONALITIES IN
S&T IN PH
 GREGORIO Y. ZARA – Invented Videophones in 1955
 FE DEL MUNDO – Invented Medical Incubator made of Bamboo
 ANGEL ALCALA – Known for his invention of Artificial Coral Reef
 AGAPITO FLORES- Invented Fluorescent lamp
 DIOSDADO BANATAO – Computer chip
 ROBERT DEL ROSARIO – Karaoke machine
 MARTIN COOPER- World’s First Mobile Phone Call
 SLIDESMANI
THE ROLES OF S&T IN PH
NATION BUILDING
1. S&T discoveries and innovations brought about the growth of
industries and enterprises that eventually led to the rise of the cities.
2. Outputs in the study of S&T include more new improved and rapidly
produced products to met the demands of people.
3. Provide driving force to the computer and ICT.
4. Discovery, development and promotion of various kinds of medicines.
5. Science discoveries and technological innovations have made life
easier.
 SLIDESMANI
WHEN TECHNOLOGY AND
HUMANITY CROSS
ETHICAL
 DILEMMAS
Is technology nowadays a necessity or a
want?
 Anything too much is bad.
 Misuse or invention to produce
bad result.
 Freely exposed to different things
 SLIDESMANI
ROBOTICS AND
HUMANITY
ROBOTS
 An actuated mechanism programmable
with a degree of autonomy, moving
within its environment to perform
intended task.
 Autonomy- ability to perform intended
tasks based on current state.
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ROBOTICS AND
HUMANITY
SERVICE ROBOT

 A robot that performs useful

tasks for humans or
equipment excluding
industrial application
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ROBOTICS AND
HUMANITY
ROLES PLAYED BY ROBOTS
 Ease the workload of mankind.
 Make life more efficient and less stressful.
 Perform complicated activities.
 Pleasure, entertainment in Parks or Exhibits.
 Toys, Child Friendly
 Used in Film and Industries
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ROBOTICS AND
HUMANITY
ETHICAL DILEMMA FACED BY ROBOTICS
 Job Polarization
 Emotional and Sentience Component
 Right of Privacy and Personhood
 Autonomy
 Safety
 SLIDESMANI
INFORMATION AGE
WHAT IS INFORMATION?
 Knowledge communicated or obtained concerning a specific
fact or circumstance (Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary)

INFORMATION AGE
 It is also called the Digital Age or the New Media Age based
upon the interconnection of computers via
telecommunications.
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INFORMATION AGE
COMPUTER
 An electronic device that
stores and processes data
(information).
 Runs on a program that
contains the exact, step-by-
step directions to solve a
problem
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INFORMATION AGE

TYPES OF COMPUTERS
1. Personal Computer- Single-user instrument known as
microcomputer
2. Desktop Computer- PC that is not designed for
portability, will be set up in a permanent spot.
3. Laptops- portable computers that integrate the essentials
of a computer in an battery powered packages.
 SLIDESMANI
INFORMATION AGE
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
4. Personal Digital Assistants-
tightly integrated computers that
usually have no keyboards but rely
on s touch screen for user input.
5. Server- a computer that has been
improved to provide network
services to other computers
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INFORMATION AGE
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
6. Mainframes- huge computer
systems that can fill an entire room;
used by large firms.
7. Wearable computers- involve
materials that are usually integrated
into cellphones, watches and other
small objects.
 SLIDESMANI
INFORMATION AGE
The World Wide Web (Internet)
 Internet- World Wide System of interconnected networks that
facilitate data transmission among innumerable computers.
 Claude E. Shannon- “Father of Information Theory”
 Google is now the world’s most popular search engine
 Microsoft Office- invented by Bill Gates (1975)
 Apple Computer was founded as on 1976 by Steve Jobs
 Facebook was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg
 SLIDESMANI
INFORMATION AGE
The World Wide Web (Internet)
 Internet- World Wide System of interconnected networks that
facilitate data transmission among innumerable computers.
 Claude E. Shannon- “Father of Information Theory”
 Google is now the world’s most popular search engine
 Microsoft Office- invented by Bill Gates (1975)
 Apple Computer was founded as on 1976 by Steve Jobs
 Facebook was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg
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HOW TO CHECK THE RELIABILITY

OF WEB SOURCES
1. Who is the author of the article/site?
2. Who published the site?
o .edu = educational institution
o .com = commercial
o .mil = military
o .gov = government
o .org = nonprofit
3. Who is the intended audience?
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HOW TO CHECK THE RELIABILITY

OF WEB SOURCES
1. Who is the author of the article/site?
2. Who published the site?
o .edu = educational institution
o .com = commercial
o .mil = military
o .gov = government
o .org = nonprofit
3. Who is the intended audience?
SLIDESMANIA.C

HOW TO CHECK THE RELIABILITY

OF WEB SOURCES

4. What is the purpose of the site? Why did the

author write it and why did the publisher post it?
5. What is the quality of information on the
website?
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BIODIVERSITY AND
HEALTHY SOCIETY
 Biodiversity- is defined as the vast variety of life form in
the entire Earth.
 It encompasses all kinds of life form, from living to nonliving
organisms.
 Marco Lambertini described that the disappearance of
wildlife is at an unprecedented rate.
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BIODIVERSITY AND
HEALTHY SOCIETY
Types of Biodiversity
 Ecological Diversity-
different types of
ecosystems including both
terrestrial and aquatic
ecosystems within a
geographical location.
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BENEFITS FROM ADVANCEMENT

OF TECHNOLOGIES
 Enhanced healthcare facilities and
procedures
 Enhanced the quality and quantity of food
 Easy mode of communication and
transportation
 Massive manufacturing of efficient
materials
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THREATS TO
BIODIVERSITY
 Habitat loss and destruction
 Extinction of species- Alteration in Ecosystem
composition
 Pollution and Contamination
 Increased Energy Consumption
 Over-exploitation
 Increased in Digital Footprints
 Global Warming and Climate Change
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THE NANO
WORLD
 Nanoscience- employs the study and application of
exceptionally small things in nanometer scale.
 Nanotechnology- This refers to various techniques to
produce materials of extra high precision and dimension in
one-billionth of a meter. This term was coined by Professor
Norio Taniguchi.
 Nanometer- is a billionth of a meter.
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THE NANO
WORLD
 Scientists use special types of microscopes to view minute
nanomaterials
 During the early 1930s, scientists used electron microscopes
and field microscopes to look at the nanoscales
 The scanning tunneling microscope and atomic force
microscope are just among the modern and remarkable
advancements in microscopy
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GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS
 It was in 1951 that the term genetic engineering
was coined by Jack Williamsen, author of the
science fiction novel Dragon’s Island.
 The general process of genetic engineering is the
deliberate manipulation of the organism’s genes,
where it may involve transfer of genes from other
organism.
 An antibiotic-resistant E. coli bacteria was created
in 1973
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GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS
 It was in 1951 that the term genetic engineering
was coined by Jack Williamsen, author of the
science fiction novel Dragon’s Island.
 The general process of genetic engineering is the
deliberate manipulation of the organism’s genes,
where it may involve transfer of genes from other
organism.
 An antibiotic-resistant E. coli bacteria was created
in 1973
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GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS
1.Pest resistance- GM
plants to resist certain
pests
Ex: Bt. Corn- it has been
modified with the gene of
Bacillus thuringiensis, a
soil bacterium that
produces proteins which is
toxic to corn borers
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GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS
2. Virus resistance- GM
plants to resist certain
virus
Ex: GM papaya or rainbow
papaya. The papaya
ringspot virus is known to
be detrimental to papaya
plants.
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GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS
3. Fortification- GM plants to
fortified with certain
minerals.
Ex: Golden Rice. Beta-carotene,
a precursor of vitamin A, was
introduced through biosynthesis
genes to the rice, making the rice
grains fortified with vitamin A
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BENEFITS OF
GMOs
 Higher efficiency in farming
 Increase in harvest
 Control in fertility
 Increase in food processing
 Improvement of desirable characteristics
 Nutritional and pharmaceutical enhancement
 Reduce the use of fertilizer and pesticide
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BENEFITS OF
GMOs
 Higher efficiency in farming
 Increase in harvest
 Control in fertility
 Increase in food processing
 Improvement of desirable characteristics
 Nutritional and pharmaceutical enhancement
 Reduce the use of fertilizer and pesticide
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POTENTIAL RISKS
OF GMOs
 Human consumption of GMOs might have the
following effects:
a. More allergic reactions- food may trigger more allergic
reaction
b. Gene mutation- food may develop abnormalities and
mutation
c. Antibiotic resistance- may cause disease-causing
bacteria likely to be more antibiotic resistant.
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GLOBAL WARMING AND

CLIMATE CHANGE
 GLOBAL WARMING- refers to
the increase of Earth’s normal
temperature as a result of
greenhouse gases’ accumulation
in the atmosphere.
 Global warming is one of the
long-term changes brought by
Climate Change that includes
increase on earth’s average
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GLOBAL WARMING AND

CLIMATE CHANGE
 Climate Change- refers to
long-term shifts in temperatures
and weather patterns. Such
shifts can be natural, due to
changes in the sun’s activity or
large volcanic eruptions.
 But since the 1800s, primarily
due to the burning of fossil
fuels like coal, oil and gas.
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EFFECT OF GLOBAL
WARMING
R Rising Sea
Level
I Increase in
Temperature
C Changes in Water
Supply
H Habitat Damage and Species
Extinction
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EFFECT OF GLOBAL
WARMING
R Rising Sea
 TheLevel
increase in Earth’s
average temperature will result
in thermal expansion of
seawater and melting of ice
and glaciers.
 The average sea levels have
risen for an over of 8 inches
since 1880 and rises 0.13 inch
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EFFECT OF GLOBAL
WARMING
I Increase in
 Temperature
This is the result of heat-
trapping, caused by
Greenhouse gases.
 It is revealed that Earth’s
surface average temperature
has increased from 14.0 C
(1951-1980) to 14.9 in 2017
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EFFECT OF GLOBAL
WARMING
C Changes in Water
Supply
 As it gets warmer, the amount
of evaporation increases, thus
result to higher amount of
precipitation will be
experienced.
 Philippines Angat Dam water
level continues to drop due to
climate changes
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EFFECT OF GLOBAL
WARMING
H Habitat Damage & Species
Extinction
 Global warming also
contributes to the habitat
damage, there by reducing
organism population and
loss of biodiversity.
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GREENHOUSE EFFECT

 The Greenhouse effect is a

process that occurs when gases
in Earth's atmosphere trap the
Sun's heat. This process makes
Earth much warmer than it
would be without an
atmosphere.
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GREENHOUSE EFFECT
 During the day, the Sun shines
through the atmosphere. Earth's
surface warms up in the sunlight.
At night, Earth's surface cools,
releasing heat back into the air. But
some of the heat is trapped by the
greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. That's what keeps our
Earth a warm and cozy 58 degrees
Fahrenheit (14 degrees Celsius), on
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WAYS TO MITIGATE EFFECT OF

CLIMATE CHANGE
 Fuel Efficiency
 Solar and Wind Power
 Use Electricity Efficiently
 Vehicle Efficiently
 Planting more Trees
 Sustainable Development Plan
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION
Which of the following is the BEST definition of
Science?
a. The process of gathering knowledge about
the natural world
b. The process of reading the knowledge of the
known world.
c. The process of memorizing answers about the
natural world.
d. The process of gathering knowledge about
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

Where does the word technology come

from?
a. Latin word ‘techne’ and ‘logos’
b. Spanish word ‘techno’ and ‘logos’
c. Greek word ‘techne’ and ‘logos’
d. German word ‘techno’ and ‘logos’
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

This civilization developed the system of

writing using symbols, and they believe it
was given by God.
a. Babylonian Civilization
b. Indian Civilization
c. Sumerian Civilization
d. Egyptian Civilization
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

This invention was developed by Chinese

Alchemist that led to the advancement in
warfare.
a. Heavy Plough
b. Gunpowder
c. Compass
d. Spinning Wheel
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

This period was considered by many as the

Golden Age of Science.
a. Classical Antiquity
b. The Enlightenment Period
c. The Renaissance Period
d. Industrial Revolution
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

He invented telescope and the first man to

see crates on the moon, sunspots and rings of
Saturn.
a. Zacharias Janssen
b. Nicolaus Copernicus
c. Johannes Kepler
d. Galileo Galilei
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION
During this era, the Bureau of Science was
established a government agency to nurture
the development in the field of S&T.
a. Pre-Colonial Period
b. Spanish Colonization
c. Japanese Colonization
d. American Colonization
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

Who was the president of the Philippines

that implement the “Doctor in Barrio
Program” a healthcare service for far-flung
areas
a. Pres. Ferdinand Marcos
b. Pres. Corazon Aquino
c. Pres. Fidel Ramos
d. Pres. Joseph Estrada
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION
Which of the following is NOT an ethical
dilemma of technology in humanity?
a. People are freely exposed to different things
with the advent of technology.
b. Parents should let their children use
technology on their own.
c. Anything too much is bad.
d. Misuse or invention to produce bad results.
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

In 2004, Mark Zuckerberg founded largest

social network in the world, with nearly
three billion users as of 2021?
a.Google
b.Instagram
c.Twitter
d.Facebook
 SLIDESMANI
EVALUATION

It is an electronic device that stores and

processes data (information)?
a. Cellphone
b. Computer
c. Laptop
d. Tablet
SLIDESMANIA.C
 CONCLUSION
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SLIDESMANIA.C
REFERENCE:

Caoli O.C. A History of Science and Technology in the Philippines

retrieved from
https://phlconnect.ched.gov.ph/admin/uploads/da4902cb0bc38210
839714ebdcf0efc3/01-Readings-4.pdf

De Guzman A.D. (2021). Timeline History of Science and

Technology in The Philippines retrieved from
https://www.scribd.com/document/524824895/TIMELINE-HIST
ORY-OF-SCIENCE-AND-TECHNOLOGY-IN-THE-PHILIPPINES-1
#

Science, Technology and Innovation retrieved from

https://www.usaid.gov/philippines/science-technology-and-
innovation