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    Water Borne Diseases

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    Raniel Billones
    This document discusses water-borne diseases. It notes that lack of access to safe water and poor sanitation leads to transmission of diseases through contaminated water. Major water-borne diseases mentioned are diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid. Effects of these diseases include 443 million missed school days annually, severe illness and death of nearly 10,000 people per year from parasitic infections, and impacts on economic development. The conclusion states that access to clean water and sanitation is important for both health and reducing poverty.

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    Water Borne Diseases

    Uploaded by

    Raniel Billones
    32 views9 pages
    This document discusses water-borne diseases. It notes that lack of access to safe water and poor sanitation leads to transmission of diseases through contaminated water. Major water-borne diseases mentioned are diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid. Effects of these diseases include 443 million missed school days annually, severe illness and death of nearly 10,000 people per year from parasitic infections, and impacts on economic development. The conclusion states that access to clean water and sanitation is important for both health and reducing poverty.

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    This document discusses water-borne diseases. It notes that lack of access to safe water and poor sanitation leads to transmission of diseases through contaminated water. Major water-borne diseases mentioned are diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid. Effects of these diseases include 443 million missed school days annually, severe illness and death of nearly 10,000 people per year from parasitic infections, and impacts on economic development. The conclusion states that access to clean water and sanitation is important for both health and reducing poverty.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    32 views9 pages

    Water Borne Diseases

    Uploaded by

    Raniel Billones
    This document discusses water-borne diseases. It notes that lack of access to safe water and poor sanitation leads to transmission of diseases through contaminated water. Major water-borne diseases mentioned are diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid. Effects of these diseases include 443 million missed school days annually, severe illness and death of nearly 10,000 people per year from parasitic infections, and impacts on economic development. The conclusion states that access to clean water and sanitation is important for both health and reducing poverty.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    WATER BORNE DISEASES

    Water, Sanitation and Health

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management 1


    Find this presentation and more on www.sswm.info

    Contents

    Water, Sanitation and Health


    1. Water-Borne Diseases
    2. Effects of Water-Borne Diseases
    3. Conclusion
    Health Risk Management
    1. A Multi-Barrier Approach
    2. Transmission Routes
    3. Critical Questions
    4. Mitigating Health Risks
    References

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management 2


    Water, Sanitation and Health

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management


    Find this presentation and more on www.sswm.info

    1. Water-Borne Diseases
    Sources of Diseases

    • Pathogenic microorganisms in contaminated water


    • Lack of access to adequate (safe) water sources or
    water point-of-use water treatments
    • But also lack of sanitation and poor hygiene are
    responsible for the transmission of diseases
    • Water often contaminated due to inadequate
    sanitation and waste water treatment: faeces of an
    infected person enters the water untreated
    • Some estimated 884 million people worldwide lack Poor sanitation leads
    access to improved water supply and 2.6 billion to discharge of
    sewage directly into
    people lack access to improved sanitation the environment.
    (WHO/UNICEF 2010) Source: WaterAid (2013)

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management 4


    Find this presentation and more on www.sswm.info

    1. Water-Borne Diseases
    Diseases
    Diarrhea (multiple liquid bowl movements per day; this
    loss of fluid can lead to death)
    Cholera (infection in the small intestine leading to
    diarrhoea and vomiting and thus to dehydration)
    Typhoid (fever, headache, pain and diarrhoea)
    And several other parasitic infections (e.g.
    schistosomiasis, guinea worm, ...)
    Most significant is the persistence and wide distribution of
    diarrhea throughout the developing world – an effect of
    inadequate water supply and sanitation.

    Dirty water causes more deaths per


    year than armed conflicts.
    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management Source: WSSCC (2007) 5
    Find this presentation and more on www.sswm.info

    2. Effects of Water-Borne Diseases

    School Absence

    Absence of 443 Mio school days each year


    (BORKOWSKY 2006) due to water-borne
    diseases
    • Strong negative impact on nutrition,
    health and learning capacities especially
    of children
    • Hurts prospects for future earnings and
    makes continuing poverty more likely

    Adequate sanitation can reduce


    water-borne diseases of children.
    Source: WHO (2012)

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management 6


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    2. Effects of Water-Borne Diseases


    Severe Sickness and Death

    • Parasitic helminthes infections: severe consequences e.g. cognitive


    impairment, massive dysentery, anemia and death of around 9400
    people every year
    • In Sub-Saharan Africa, schistosomiasis kills more than 200,000 people
    every year
    • Acute diarrhea, as occurs in cholera, if left untreated can cause
    death within a day or less

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management 7


    Find this presentation and more on www.sswm.info

    Breaking Economic Development


    • Large-scale death and poor health also act as a brake on economic
    development
    • Unsafe water and inadequate sanitation especially impacts the poor
    (About 2/3 of people without access to a protected water source live
    on less than US$2 a day )
    • Adequate water supplies and sanitation are often key step out of
    poverty

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management 8


    Find this presentation and more on www.sswm.info

    3. Conclusion
    Clean Water and Sanitation are intertwined with more than health!

    Due to the interconnectedness between water, sanitation, health and poverty, lack of safe water supply and
    proper sanitation has not only an impact on health, but consequently on education, ability to work and thus
    economic development.
    Thus both adequate drinking water and sanitation are crucial for the health of human and thus their physical
    and economical development (school visits and escaping the poverty trap).
    An approach to reduce health risk due to water/sanitation-borne diseases can be found in the following section:

    Health Risk Management

    Water, Sanitation and Health & Health Risk Management 9

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