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    Catalyst

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    Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction, allowing a greater proportion of particles to have enough energy to react. They provide an alternative lower-energy reaction pathway. Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions like glucose oxidation. A catalyst helps a reaction proceed faster without being consumed in the process.

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    Catalyst

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    Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction, allowing a greater proportion of particles to have enough energy to react. They provide an alternative lower-energy reaction pathway. Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions like glucose oxidation. A catalyst helps a reaction proceed faster without being consumed in the process.

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    Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction, allowing a greater proportion of particles to have enough energy to react. They provide an alternative lower-energy reaction pathway. Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions like glucose oxidation. A catalyst helps a reaction proceed faster without being consumed in the process.

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    39 views24 pages

    Catalyst

    Uploaded by

    APHRO DITE
    Catalysts lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction, allowing a greater proportion of particles to have enough energy to react. They provide an alternative lower-energy reaction pathway. Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions like glucose oxidation. A catalyst helps a reaction proceed faster without being consumed in the process.

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    CATALYST

    Module 9
    Increasing the temperature of a system increases the average kinetic
    energy of its constituent particles. As the average kinetic energy increases, the
    particles move faster and collide more frequently per unit time and possess
    greater energy when they collide. When the concentration of all the reactants
    increases, more molecules or ions interact to form new compounds, and the rate
    of reaction increases. When solids and liquids react, increasing the surface area
    of the solid will increase the reaction rate. A decrease in particle size causes an
    increase in the solid’s total surface area. Collisions only result in a reaction if
    the particles collide with a certain minimum energy called the activation
    energy for the reaction. The position of activation energy can be determined on
    a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. To increase the rate of a reaction, the
    number of successful collisions must be increased. One possible way of doing
    this is to provide an alternative way for the reaction to happen which has a
    lower activation energy. Adding catalyst has this effect on activation energy. It
    provides an alternative route for the reaction with a lower activation energy.
    Catalysts are everywhere! Many biochemical processes, such as the oxidation
    of glucose, are heavily dependent on enzymes, proteins that behave as catalysts.
    CATALYST
    A substance that helps a chemical reaction to
    proceed faster.
    The function of a catalyst is to lower the activation
    energy so that a greater proportion of the particles
    have enough energy to react.
    LIMITING REACTANTS AND
    THE
    AMOUNT OF PRODUCTS
    FORMED
    MOD 10
    KEY TERMS
    • Stoichiometry is a section of chemistry that involves using
    relationships between reactants and/or products in a
    chemical reaction to determine desired quantitative data.
    • Excess reagent is a reactant that is not used up when the
    reaction is finished.
    • Limiting reagent is a reagent that is completely used up or
    reacted.
    CALCULATING LIMITING
    REACTANT AND
    THEORETICAL YIELD
    In much the same way, a reactant in a chemical
    reaction can limit the amounts of products formed
    by the reaction. When this happens, we refer to the
    reactant as the limiting reactant (or limiting reagent).
    The amount of a product that is formed when the
    limiting reactant is fully consumed in a reaction is
    known as the theoretical yield.
    PERCENT YIELD

    As we just learned, the theoretical yield is the


    maximum amount of product that can be formed in a
    chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant.
    In practice, however, the actual yield of product—the
    amount of product that is actually obtained—is almost
    always lower than the theoretical yield.

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