HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES Autosaved

HISTORY
OF THE
PHILIPPINES AND
THE FILIPINO PEOPLE
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HISTORY
A record of past events that happened in our world.
History is a record of the human past from the time
written records began to appear.
The study of events and developments concerning people
in the past.
The Historian should do other important tasks:

a. Interpret and recreate facts in an orderly manner.
b. Discover patterns and trends which govern the
behavior of people and nations.
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THE ASSUMPTION IN HISTORY
*Events
*Lesson
*Knowledge
*History is a narrative of human condition.
*History is a collection of data.
*Explanation is the end product of evaluation and
analysis
*History has a logical explanation.
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Carl Hempel
Sufficient data/basis to explain why a particular event
happens.
Robin George Collingwood
Events are independent and individual human actions
Path to Revolution
*Deprivation of Basic Human Rights
*Unequal distribution of wealth
*Authoritarian regime
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Arnold Toynbee
A British historian and philosopher of history.

Ideas and approach to history
The rise and fall of civilization in the course of human
history.
Civilization decline when their leaders stopped
responding creatively.
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genesis
disinteg growth
ration
universal
time of
state troubles
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II. IMPORTANCE OF HISTORY
1. Bridging the gap between the present and the past

2. Explaining the Causes of things and Events
3. Projecting the future
4. Interpreting Conditions of a given space and time
5. Promoting Nationalism and Patriotism
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III. SOURCES OF HISTORY
A. WRITTEN INSCRIBED SOURCES
Birth and death certificates, Marriage Certificates,

Directories, Church Records, Letters and Diaries, Local
newspapers, Census reports, Title deeds, School records,
Government records, Business records, Police records,
Books, Journals and magazines, Hospital records,
Inscription.
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B. VISUAL MATERIALS AND ARTIFACTS
Photographs, Heirlooms, Arts and crafts, Tools, weapons,

and utensils, Old structures and landmarks, Buried
artifacts, Skeletal remains.
C. INTERVIEWS
D. ORAL HISTORY
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IV. PROBLEMS AND DIFFICULTIES IN WRITING HISTORY
1. Scarcity of written materials, especially in the local

level.
2. Problems of translation with regard to documents
written in other languages.
3. Biases and prejudices on the part of foreign writers.
4. Lack of representative materials for the whole country.
5. Lack of historians.
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V. THE ORIGIN OF THE PHILIPPINES
THE LEGEND
•The origin of the country was a belief of the Visayans

and Tagalogs that a legendary bird provoke a quarrel
between the sea and the sky.
•The sea threw up the waves and the sky rained down
rocks to calm the sea and became the Philippines.
•The bird became thirsty and landed on the land and
pecked the bamboo and this came out a man and
woman.
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THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY
•Fritjof Voss a German believed the islands were
volcanic in origin noting the presence of many
volcanoes and dotted with more than 200 dormant
volcanoes including the active ones.
•Alfred Wegener proposed the continental drift theory.
•Earth’s crust was divided into plates and the world’s
continents and ocean floor lie on the continental plates
moving like a conveyor belt.
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Page 13
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Fritjof Voss
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Alfred Wegener
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V. TRAITS
FILIPINO TRAITS
The value of certain traits like hospitality, pakikisama,
close family ties, respect of elders and loyalty.
Positive Filipino Traits Negative Filipino Traits
Hospitality Gambling
Pakikisama Superstition
Close family ties Extreme personalism
Respect of elders Extreme family centeredness
Loyalty Crab Mentality
Fatalism
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FACTS AND FIGURES
Area 300,000 sq km
Number of Provinces 79
Number of Barangays 41,969
NCR 17
Number of Regions 17
Number of Cities 115
Number of Municipalities 1,499
Capital Manila
Currency Peso
Highest Mountain Mount Apo
National Bird Philippine Eagle
National Fruit Mango
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NEW REGIONS
AUTONOMOUS REGION OF MUSLIM MINDANAO

(ARMM)
CALABAR ZONE
•Basilan Batangas
•Sulu Cavite
•Tawi Tawi Laguna
•Lanao Del Sur Quezon
•Maguindanao Rizal
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CORDILLERA AUTONOMOUS REGION (CAR)
•Abra CARAGA
•Apayao
•Benguet Agusan Del Norte
•Ifugao Agusan Del Sur
•Kalinga Surigao Del Norte
•Mountain Province Surigao Del Sur
MIMAROPA
•Marinduque Romblon
•Occ. Mindoro Palawan
•Oriental Mindoro
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I. ARCHIPELAGO NAME
A. Chinese Traders (Sung Dynasty) referred the islands as
Ma-yi
*Chau Ju-Kua a trader called it Mai
*Ferdinand Magellan name the islands as
Isla de San Lazarus (Archipelago of San Lazarus)
*Philippines came from the word Filipinas given by
Ruy Lopez de Villalobos in honor the King Philip II
of Spain.
*Fr. Juan Delgado called Manila Pearl of the Orient
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*Pearl of the Orient Seas given by Dr. Jose P. Rizal
*Giovanni Batista Ramuso published Filipinas on the
map in Venice in 1554
*Philippine Islands was named during the American

Period
*Philippines was named after the second world war
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B. GEOGRAPHY
*Philippines was located in Southeast Asia west of the
Pacific Ocean North latitude and East latitude.
*7,107 islands and the largest is Luzon an area of
143,395 sq km. Second was Mindanao an area of
111,999 sq km.
*Manila Bay one of the finest harbors in the world
*17 regions of the Philippines
*Made by volcanic origin and has over 100 volcanoes
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*Most active are Taal in Batangas, Mayon in Albay,
Bulusan in Sorsugon, Kanlaon in Negros, Hibok Hibok in
Camiguin and Apo in Davao del Sur.
*Taal has 33 eruptions in 1749, 1754, 1911 and 1965
*Mayon has 45 eruptions 1616, 1814

*Pinatubo a dormant for 611 started on April 2, to
June 12-15, 1991.
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C. CLIMATE
*Tropical climate has two seasons dry & wet.

*Rains occur from May to November including typhoons
from June to October
*The dry season from December to April
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D. FLORA AND FAUNA
*Sampaguita, Gardenia, Dama de Noche, Waterlilies,
orchids etc.
*Waling waling queen of the Philippine orchids
*201 species of mammals and 22 were water type
*Tamaraws of Mindoro a dwarf carabao.
*Tarsier of Bohol the world’s smallest monkey
*Calamian Deer of Palawan world’s smallest deer
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*25,000 insect s found the largest the giant moth a
wingspan of 1 foot
*World’s second largest eagle the Philippine eagle found
in Luzon and Mindanao
*Kalaw the clock of the mountains (Philippine Cockatoo)
*World’s rares shell the gloriamaris
*Tridacna Gigas world’s largest shell
*Pisidium the smallest shell
*2,140 species of fishes known as the milk fish, mud fish,
cat fish, sea bass, tuna and others.
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*Endangered fish are the sinarapan and the pandaka
pigmae
*World’s largest fish the whale shark 50 meters in length
*Natural resources were clay, gold, silver, iron, copper,
nickel, coal and others.
E. SCENERIES
Banawe Rice Terraces, Mayon Volcano of Albay, Taal
Volcano of Batangas, Mount Apo of Mindanao,
Chocolate Hills of Bohol, Hundred Islands of Pangasinan,
Underground river of Palawan and others.
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II. FILIPINO SOCIETY AND CULTURE DURING THE
PRE-SPANISH PERIOD
•Filipinos are a mixture of Chinese, Arab, Indian,
European and American.
•Traits are hospitality, close family ties, respect of elders
and values like pakikisama, utang na loob and hiya.
A. Old and New Stone Age

This refers to the old living for many years ago
Pygmies, Aetas , Negritos, and Dawn man belongs to the
old stone age of the first Filipinos.
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Page 65
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NEGRITOS
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THE AUSTRONESIANS
•The Austronesians are various populations in Southeast
Asia, some parts of China, Australia and the Pacific.
•The Austronesian migrations began from the Chinese
mainland, reaching Taiwan first in 3500 BC then
the Philippines by 3000 BC.
•Reached Sumatra and Java by 2000 BC, New Guinea by
1600 BC, Samoa by 1200 BC Hawaii, Easter Island,
and Madagascar by 500 AD, etc.
•The Austronesians are admixtures of Austroloids a
group includes Negritos, Papuan and Mongoloids. Page 68
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HISTORY

THE FILIPINO PEOPLE

The Historian should do other important tasks:

A British historian and philosopher of history.

1. Bridging the gap between the present and the past

A. WRITTEN INSCRIBED SOURCES

Birth and death certificates, Marriage Certificates,

Photographs, Heirlooms, Arts and crafts, Tools, weapons,

1. Scarcity of written materials, especially in the local

•The origin of the country was a belief of the Visayans

AUTONOMOUS REGION OF MUSLIM MINDANAO

*Philippine Islands was named during the American

*Mayon has 45 eruptions 1616, 1814

*Tropical climate has two seasons dry & wet.

A. Old and New Stone Age

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