Arts

N E O C L A
S S I C A L
Arts
 NEOCLASSICISM
1780 - 1840
The word neoclassic came from the
greek word “neos” meaning “new” and
the Latin word “classicus” which is
similar in the meaning to the English
phrase “first class”.
 NEOCLASSICAL ARTISTS

JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID ANTONIO CANOVA

PAINTER SCULPTOR

JEAN-AUGUSTINE DOMINIQUE BERTEL THORVALDSEN

PAINTER
INGRES SCULPTOR
JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID
He is an influential French painter
in the Neoclassical style and is
considered to be the pre-eminent
painter of the era.

His subjects of paintings were

more on history.
The DEATH of MARAT
David’s masterpiece shows
the portrayal of a
revolutionary martyr.

This painting of the murdered

French revolutionary leader
Jean-Paul Marat.
Napoleon Crossing the Alps
The painting showed a
strongly idealized view of
the real crossing that
Napoleon and his army
made across the Alps
through the Great St.
Bernard Pass in May 1800.
Oath of the Horath
A large painting that
depicts a scene from a
Roman legend about a
dispute between Rome
and Alba Longa.
JEAN-AUGUSTINE DOMINIQUE
INGRES
Ingres was a pupil of Jacques-
Louis David. His paintings
were usually nudes, portraits,
and mythological themes.
Portrait of Napoleon on the Empirical
throne
The painting depicts Napoleon
and his decadent coronation
costume seated upon his golden
encrusted throne, hand resting
upon smooth ivory balls.
The Apotheosis of Homer
The painting was a
state-commission by
the Charles X to have
him remembered in the
building works of the
Louvre.
ANTONIO CANOVA
Canova was a prolific Italian
artist and sculptor who
became famous for his marble
sculptures that delicately
rendered nude flesh.
 Psyche awakened by Cupid’s Kiss
A marble sculpture portraying the relationship
of Psyche and Cupid.
 WASHINGTON

A Life-size marble statue of

George Washington, done in the
style of a Roman general, by the
Italian Neoclassical sculptor
Antonio Canova.
 BERTEL
THORVALDSEN
Thorvaldsen was the first
internationally acclaimed
Danish artist. He executed
sculptures of mythological and
religious themes characters.
 Christ
A marble sculpture image
resurrected Christ is currently
located at the Thorvaldsen
Museum.
Lion of Lucerne
A sculpture of a dying
lion in Lucerne,
Switzerland
commemorates the
Swiss Guards who were
massacred in 1972
during the French
Revolution.
NEOCLAS
SICAL
 NEOCLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE
Neoclassical architectural styles started in the
mid-18 century. It turned away from the
th

grandeur of Rococo style and the Late

Baroque.
TYPES OF NEOCLASSICAL
CLASSIC
ARCHITECTURE
TEMPLE PALLADIA AL
STYLE N STYLE BLOCK
STYLE
 TEMPLE STYLE
Temple-style building design was based on an
ancient temple. Many temple-style buildings
feature a peristyle (a continuous line of
columns around a building), a rare feature of
Renaissance architecture.
 TEMPLE STYLE

BRITISH
MUSEUM

LA MADELEINE DE
PARIS
PANTHEON
 PALLADIAN STYLE
Palladian buildings were based on Andrea
Palladio’s style of villa construction. Some of
the buildings feature a balustrade which is a
railing with vertical supports along the edge of
the roof. There are vertical supports within a
balustrade known as “ balusters” or
“spindles”.
 PALLADIAN STYLE

WHITEHOUSE U.S. CAPITOL

 CLASSICAL BLOCK STYLE
The building features a rectangular or square
plan, with a flat roof and an exterior rich in
classical detail. The exterior features a
repeated classical pattern or series of arches
and/or columns.
 FAMOUS ARCHITECTS OF
CLASSICAL BLOCK STYLE

HENRI LABROUSTE –
His masterpiece is the
Library of Sainte
Genevieve.
 CHARLES GARNIER– He designed the most
famous block of all which is the Palais Garnier
(a Neobaroque opera house).
R O M A N T I C
P E R I O D
Arts
 ROMANTICISM
1800 - 1810
Romanticism was a movement in which the
artists of the Neoclassical period sought to
break new ground in the expression of
emotion, both subtle and stormy.
 Characteristics of Romantic Art
 Shows the height of action
 Emotional extremes
 Celebrated nature as out of control
 Dramatic compositions
 Heightened sensation ( life and death
moments)
ARTISTS OF
ROMANTIC
PERIOD
JEAN LOUIS THEODORE GERICAULT
Gericault was the first
French master and the
leader of the French
realistic school. His
masterpieces were
energetic, powerful,
brilliantly colored, and
tightly composed.
The Raft of Medusa
The Raft of Medusa
portrays the victims
of contemporary
shipwreck. The
people on this raft
were French Emigrant
en route to West
Africa.
Charging Chasseur
The painting portrays
a mounted
Napoleonic calvary
officer who is ready
to attack.
Insane Woman

One of several portraits of

Gericault made of the
mentally disabled that has
a peculiar hypnotic power.
EUGENE DELACROIX

Delacroix was considered

the greatest French
Romantic painter of all.
Liberty Leading the People
The painting
commemorates the July
Revolution of 1830, which
knocked down King
Charles X of France.
FRANCISCO GOYA
He was a commissioned
Romantic painter by the
King of Spain. He was also a
printmaker regarded both as
the last of the “Old Masters”
and the first of the
“Moderns”.
The Third of May
The Third of May is
Goya’s masterpiece that
sought to commemorate
Spanish resistance to
Napoleon’s armies during
the occupation of 1808 in
the Peninsular War.
Saturn Devouring His Son
This artwork depicts the
Greek myth of the Titan
Cronus ( Saturn), who fears
that he will be overthrown
by one of his children, so he
ate each one upon their
birth.
The Burial of Sardine
The “Burial of the Sardine”
was a Spanish ceremony
celebrated on Ash Wednesday
and was a symbolic burial of
the past to allow society to be
reborn, and transformed with
new vigor.
FRANCOIS RUDE

Was best known for social

art which aimed to inspire
and capture the interest of
the broad public.
Departure of the Volunteers
Known as “La
Merseillaise” this work
portrays the goddess
Liberty urging the forces
of the French Revolution.
Jeanne D’Arc
In the sculpture, Joan is
depicted at the age of 13,
listening to the voices of Saint
Michel, Sainte Catherine, and
Sainte Marguerite who ordered
her to deliver France from the
English occupation.
ANTOINE-LOUIS BARYE

He was the most famous

animal sculptor of all
time.
Hercules Sitting on a Bull
Barye sculpted Hercules
with the Erymanthean
Boar, depicting Hercules’s
fourth labor, where he had
to capture a live wild boar
from Mount Erymanthos.
Theseus slaying the Minotaur
The sculpture of Barye shows
King Aigeus and Poseidon’s son,
Theseus, who both visited
Princess Aithra the very same
night. Theseus holding his knife
over Minotaur, a monster having
the head of a bull and the rest of
the body human, devouring
human flesh.
 NEOCLASSICISM vs ROMANTICISM
NEOCLASSICISM: ROMANTICISM:
REASON REASON
Nature is defined as human nature Nature is defined as a natural
environment (woods, mountains
etc.)
Society is more important than the The individual is more important
individual. than society.
Tradition Experimentation

Rules and order Freedom

Reason Imagination Emotion