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    3.4 Ideal Gas Law

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    faridaisepic
    The document discusses the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), number of moles (n), and gas constant (R) of an ideal gas. It defines the ideal gas law formula and several other gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, the combined gas law, Avogadro's law, and Dalton's law of partial pressures. It explains how these laws can be used to solve problems involving gas properties and chemical reactions.

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    3.4 Ideal Gas Law

    Uploaded by

    faridaisepic
    68 views15 pages
    The document discusses the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), number of moles (n), and gas constant (R) of an ideal gas. It defines the ideal gas law formula and several other gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, the combined gas law, Avogadro's law, and Dalton's law of partial pressures. It explains how these laws can be used to solve problems involving gas properties and chemical reactions.

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    The document discusses the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), number of moles (n), and gas constant (R) of an ideal gas. It defines the ideal gas law formula and several other gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, the combined gas law, Avogadro's law, and Dalton's law of partial pressures. It explains how these laws can be used to solve problems involving gas properties and chemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    68 views15 pages

    3.4 Ideal Gas Law

    Uploaded by

    faridaisepic
    The document discusses the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), number of moles (n), and gas constant (R) of an ideal gas. It defines the ideal gas law formula and several other gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, the combined gas law, Avogadro's law, and Dalton's law of partial pressures. It explains how these laws can be used to solve problems involving gas properties and chemical reactions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 15

    3.

    4 Ideal Gas Law


    TOPIC 3.4: IDEAL GAS LAW
    Enduring Understanding
    SAP-7 Gas properties are explained macroscopically - using
    the relationships among pressure, volume,
    temperature, moles, gas constant - and molecularly by
    the motion of the gas.
    Learning Objective

    SAP-7A Explain the relationship between the macroscopic


    properties of a sample of gas or mixture of gases using
    the ideal gas law.
    Objectives Success Criteria

    Explain the relationship between the ● 1: I am able to use all ideal gas laws
    macroscopic properties of a sample of (Boyle’s, Charlee's, Gay-Lussac’s, Dalton’s
    gas or mixture of gases using the ideal
    gas law.
    and Avogadro’s ) in solving Exercises.
    ● 2: I am able to apply the combined gas
    law in solving exercises involving general
    chemical reactions.
    ● 3: I am able to identify real gases and
    solve exercises about diffusion of gases.
    Starter :
    Starter :
    UAE experiences high temperatures, especially during the summer months. The
    ideal gas law is essential in HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)
    systems for regulating air pressure, temperature, and volume to maintain
    comfortable indoor environments.

    According to KMT, the air inside an air conditioning system in the UAE consists of numerous tiny
    particles (molecules) that are in constant motion. When the air conditioning is turned on, the system
    cools the air. As the air molecules lose heat energy, they slow down, and their kinetic energy
    decreases. This decrease in kinetic energy corresponds to a lower temperature.
    Tasks :SC#1
    Tasks :SC#2
    Tasks :SC#3
    Gas Laws
    Gas properties are explained macroscopically - using the relationships among pressure,
    volume, temperature, moles, and the gas constant.

    P = pressure in atm/kPa/torr/mmHg etc.


    V = volume in L
    n = moles of gas
    R = gas constant
    T = temperature in Kelvin (Celcius + 273.15)
    Gas Laws
    Law Relationship Formula

    Boyle’s Law At constant T and n, P1 V1 = P 2 V2


    P and V are inversely proportional.

    Charles’ Law At constant P and n, V1 = V2


    V and T are proportional. T1 T2

    Gay-Lussac’s Law At constant V and n, P1 = P2


    P and T are proportional. T1 T2

    Combined Gas Law At constant n, P1 V1 = P2 V2


    relates P, V, and T T1 T2

    Avogadro’s Law At constant T and P, V1 = V2


    n is proportional to V n1 = n 2
    Ideal Gas Law

    There are several R values listed on the equation sheet, they differ in the units for
    pressure.

    J = LᐧkPa
    When P is in atm

    When P is in torr or mmHg


    Ideal Gas Law

    The ideal gas formula can be used to solve for molar mass or
    density of a gas.

    Molar Mass (g/mol)= Density (g/L) x R x Kelvin Temperature


    Pressure
    Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure
    According to Dalton's Law of Partial
    Pressure, the sum of all the partial
    pressures of each gas in a mixture of
    gasses is equal to the total pressure.

    P = PA + PB + PC...
    where A, B, and C are different gases.
    Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure
    This is often used when gases are
    collected “over water” as shown in the
    image:

    As the gas is produced, the water is


    displaced and the water in the inverted
    vessel will empty while the gas is
    collected.
    Mole Fractions
    Mole fraction:
    χA = moles A/total moles

    If a mixture is 3.0 mol O2 and 4.0 mol H2, the mole fraction of O2 = 3.0
    moles/(3.0+4.0 moles) = 0.43
    Partial pressure of gas A can be calculated:
    partial pressureA = χA * total pressure

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