RECALL..

Activity: Modified TRUE or FALSE!

1. In a series circuit, if one
light bulb does not function all
other light bulbs will still
function.
2. In a parallel circuit, not all
light bulbs do not have the
same brightness in the circuit.
3. In a parallel circuit, loads are
easy to control individually.
4. A parallel circuit is easy to
install.
5. Series circuits do not
overheat easily.
6. Adding more loads in
parallel circuits may overload
the circuit.
7. Every load in a parallel
circuit has the same voltage.
8. The parallel circuit is
difficult to install and repair
due to the volume of
conducting wires required in
the connection.
9. In a series circuit, loads are
difficult to control individually.
10. There will be a decrease in
brightness when a bulb is
added to a series circuit.
 Activity:
House of Hazard!
Direction: Encircle different
electrical hazards found in the
picture.
Electrical Hazards:
1. Electrical wires pass through the water in the sink
2. Overuse of electrical appliances
3. Unused appliances plugged into the conventional
outlet
4. Electrical outlet placed within the reach of the child
5. Child playing with an electrical outlet
6. Multiple appliances plugged into a single outlet
7. Electrical wires improperly placed
8. Electrical wire passes under the rug or carpet
 SAFETY
ELECTRICAL
MRS. DIANE RIVERA SCIENCE CLASS
APPLICATION
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1 2 3

define electric identify explain the

power and electrical functions of
electrical energy hazards at home various safety
devices at home
 ELECTRIC
POWER
The rate at which a device
changes electric current to
another form of energy
such light, heat, etc.
The standard unit
of measurement
for power is
WATT.
 The power of an
electric device,
such, as a hair dryer,
can be calculated if
you know the
voltage of a circuit
and how much
current the device
receives.
Equation:
Power = Current x Voltage

P = I x V

Watt = amps x volts

 ELECTRICAL
ENERGY
The energy generated as the
result of the potential
difference in a circuit
which causes current to
flow
 Everytime you
plug your mobile
phone or a rice
cooker into an
outlet, electrical
energy is
powering those
devices.
HOW TO READ YOUR OWN METER
AND CALCULATE YOUR POWER
CONSUMPTION.
Actual Consumption
This indicates your registered
kWh consumption for the month.
It is the difference between your
present reading (in this case,
24455) and your previous reading
(in this case, 24273) times the
multiplier. In the picture, the
consumption is 182 kWh.
 Electrical Hazard or Electric Shock
A condition due to direct or indirect
electrical contact with energized
conductor or equipment, and from which
a person may sustain electrical injury
from shock or damage to property or
both.
 When working with or nearby electrical
installations, an electrical shock, arc flash or arc blast
can occur and current can go through the body due to
the following situations:
• Direct contact with live parts of the installation.
• Accidental contact with damaged wires that are
seemingly not live.
• Direct contact with a grounded surface
 The Fatal Current
Electric current damages the body in three ways:
1. It can cause improper function of the brain and
heart. May lead to cardiac arrest or death.
2. The body will experience intense heat that can cause
skin burning.
3. Muscles will involuntarily contract which will be
hard to control.
 Do not rely on insulated tool handles,
rubber-soled shoes, etc., to protect you.
But it is better to shut down the main
switch of voltage source before doing any
electrical repairs. Relying on insulated
handles, rubber-soled shoes are not
completely safe.
 A.C. is More Dangerous than D.C.
Direct Current (D.C.) – is a current that travels
from negative to the positive terminal. It does not
change its direction. It is the current we can get
from a battery. D.C. passing your body can not
cause electric shock but can cause burning if the
positive and negative wire can come into contact.
 A.C. is More Dangerous than D.C.
Alternating Current (A. C.) – is a current that
travels from negative to positive; and, from
positive to negative terminals. In our country,
it keeps on changing direction 60 times every
second. It is the current that does the damage,
not the voltage.
 The changing direction of A.C. has a lot to do
with the effect of the human body. The frequency
of 60 Hz or 60 cycles/second as little as 25 volts
can kill. It stimulates sweating, which lowers the
skin resistance. That is why it is very important to
free the victim from current contact as quickly as
possible, without endangering the rescuer, before
cardiac arrest to happen.
 Faulty Electrical Wiring
One leading cause of the fire is faulty electrical wiring.
How do you know that you should have your house electrical
wiring be repaired? Check on for the following warning
signs:
1. Lights dim or flicker when another appliance is turned
on.
2. Appliances do not have permanent outlet.
3. Many extension cords are utilized.
4. Fuses blow or circuit breakers trip frequently
 Circuit Conditions with Faulty Electrical
Wiring:
1. Short Circuit refers to a circuit condition in which a
current takes the path of less resistance or zero resistance
2. Grounded circuit refers to circuit condition where current
traveling from the positive conducting wire, bypass the
negative conducting wire and flows through by through
the metal casing of an appliance instead
 Electrical Safety Devices
1. Circuit breaker uses electromagnets and bimetallic strips to open a switch in cases of
overloading. It automatically shuts down if there is overloading due to short circuit. It
cannot be turned on unless the short circuit is fixed.
2. Fuse is made up of metal ribbon that will heat up and melt if the current exceeds its
current rating. Once the fuse is blown out, it must be replaced with a new one after the
source of overloading is determined and repaired. It is unsafe to use jumper wire since it
may not melt when there is current overloading.
3. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) is a device designed to protect our home appliances
by regulating voltage automatically. It takes a fluctuating voltage level return into a
constant voltage level.
4. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) an electrical safety device which provides
emergency power to the load when there is unexpected power disruption. It also functions
like an AVR.
 Electrical Safety Measures
1. Earthing or Grounding is a system of connecting the metal casing of the
appliance to earth. Earthing protects the user from a grounded circuit.
Earth is the best path for any excess current. Grounding prevents
damage to appliances, injury, and death of an electrical user.
2. Double Insulation is a safety measure done by appliance manufacturers
to prevent electric shock and grounded external casing of appliances.
With double insulation, live wires within the appliances cannot touch
the casing even if wires become loose, thus eliminating the need for
earthing.
TIME CHECK!
Activity: Look for My Power!
 Activity:
Look for My Power!
Direction: Look for the electrical
power rating on each appliance.
 TIME CHECK!
Activity: HOUSE OF HAZARD!
LABORATORY
RULE #1
No experiment should be
performed in the
laboratory when teacher
is not around.
LABORATORY
RULE #2
It's important to obtain
the teacher's permission
before mixing any
chemicals.
LABORATORY
RULE #3
It's important to wear
appropriate protective
attire in the laboratory at
all times.
LABORATORY
RULE #4
Handle laboratory
equipment carefully.
 LABORATORY
RULE #5
Pupils are not allowed to eat
food or drink any beverages
in the laboratory.
 LABORATORY
RULE #6
Do not panic in case of
accidents. Know what to do
in case of fire.
THANK YOU!
Be safe in the laboratory!