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    JS The Halogens Group 7

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    j.sand
    The document discusses the halogens in Group 7 of the periodic table. It covers their electronic structure of having one electron in their outer shell. It also discusses their melting and boiling points, with fluorine having the lowest and iodine having the highest. Finally, it discusses how their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and it is more difficult to gain an electron.

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    JS The Halogens Group 7

    Uploaded by

    j.sand
    12 views13 pages
    The document discusses the halogens in Group 7 of the periodic table. It covers their electronic structure of having one electron in their outer shell. It also discusses their melting and boiling points, with fluorine having the lowest and iodine having the highest. Finally, it discusses how their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and it is more difficult to gain an electron.

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    JS the Halogens Group 7

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    The document discusses the halogens in Group 7 of the periodic table. It covers their electronic structure of having one electron in their outer shell. It also discusses their melting and boiling points, with fluorine having the lowest and iodine having the highest. Finally, it discusses how their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and it is more difficult to gain an electron.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    12 views13 pages

    JS The Halogens Group 7

    Uploaded by

    j.sand
    The document discusses the halogens in Group 7 of the periodic table. It covers their electronic structure of having one electron in their outer shell. It also discusses their melting and boiling points, with fluorine having the lowest and iodine having the highest. Finally, it discusses how their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and it is more difficult to gain an electron.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 13

    Title: The halogens (group 7)

    Learning Objective: Today I will be learning about group 7 on the


    periodic table
    These are the halogens or Group 7 Elements.
    Label them on your periodic table

    H He
    He

    Li Be B C N O F Ne
    Ne
    Na Mg Al Si
    Ar P S Cl
    Ar
    K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
    Kr
    Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
    Xe
    Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
    Rn
    Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt ? ? ?
    Electronic Structure
    All the Group 7 elements have 1 electron in their outermost
    shell

    F Fluorine

    Cl Chlorine

    Br Bromine

    I Iodine
    At
    Astatine
    Melting Points

    The atoms in the Group 7 form Element Melting Boiling State at


    molecules made of a pair of point point room
    (oC) (oC) tempera
    halogen atoms ture

    Iodine forms the molecule I2, Fluorine -220 -118


    (F2)
    chlorine forms the molecule
    Chlorine -101 -34
    Cl2 ….ect (Cl2)
    Bromine -7 59
    Can you work out whether (Br2)
    each element would be a Iodine 114 184
    (I2)
    gas, liquid or solid at room
    temperature?
    Melting Points

    Melting and boiling point Element Melting Boiling State at


    point point room
    increases down the (oC) (oC) tempera
    group ture

    Fluorine -220 -118 Gas


    This is because the size of (F2)
    the atom increases Chlorine -101 -34 Gas
    (Cl2)
    The intermolecular forces Bromine -7 59 Liquid
    become stronger (Br2)
    Iodine 114 184 Solid
    (I2)
    Therefore, more energy is
    required to break the
    forces
    Reactivity and Electron Structures R
    e
    a
    As you go down the group reactivity c
    decreases F t
    i
    v
    When a group 7 atom takes part in a Cl i
    t
    chemical reaction it gains an y
    electron in its outer shell and Br
    I
    becomes a negatively charged ion n
    I c
    r
    Group 7 atoms get larger down the e
    group. As the atom gets bigger, the As a
    s
    force of attraction towards the e
    nucleus decreases, making it more s

    difficult to gain an electron


    Reactions with metals
    The halogens react with metals to
    produce salts

    For example, sodium reacts with chlorine


    to produce sodium chloride

    sodium light

    potassium
    Learning check
    hydrogen lithium alkali metals
    reactive francium down water

    Group 1 elements are called _____ _____. They get more ______ as
    you go _____ the periodic table. This is shown when the elements are
    added to _____. ______ is the least reactive and ______ is the most
    reactive. When these elements react with water, ______ is given off.
    Learning check

    Group 1 elements are called alkali metals. They get more reactive as
    you go down the periodic table. This is shown when the elements are
    added to water. Lithium is the least reactive and Francium is the most
    reactive. When these elements react with water, hydrogen is given off.
    Lithium hydroxide hydrogen

    Sodium hydroxide hydrogen

    Potassium hydroxide hydrogen

    Rubidium hydroxide hydrogen

    Caesium hydroxide hydrogen


    Quiz!
    How many electrons do the alkali
    metals have in their outer shell?

    A.1
    B.2
    C.4
    D.7
    What charge ions are formed by the
    alkali metals?

    A.4
    B.3
    C.2
    D.1
    Which answer places the alkali metals in
    order of increasing reactivity?

    A. Na, Li, K,
    B. K, Na, Li
    C. Li, Na, K
    D. Li, K, Na
    When alkali metals react with water
    we get:

    A.Hydrogen + a metal oxide


    B.Oxygen + a metal oxide
    C.Hydrogen + a metal hydroxide
    D.Oxygen +a metal hydroxide

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