LESSON 6:

PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND

SAFETY PROCEDURES

LO 1. IDENTIFY HAZARDS AND RISKS;

AND
LO 2. EVALUATE AND CONTROL HAZARDS
AND RISKS;
IDENTIFY
HAZARDS
AND
RISKS
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PRETEST
Multiple choice: Directions: Read the following statements and select the best
answer.
• 1.It is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or will experience an
adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard
• a. harm
• b. risk
• c. ergonomics
2. It is an adverse health effect on something or someone under certain conditions
at work.
• a. harm
• b. risk
• c .ergonomics
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3. It involves identifying the hazards present and then evaluating the risk, taking into account the
existing precautions.
• a, risk assessment
• b. training
• c. experience
• 4.It is important to give the health and safety experience to new or inexperienced workers, including
those that have been away from the workforce for some time
• a. training
• b. exposure
• c .hygiene
• 5. It is a practice in some beauty salons that may affect the health of customers and workers that may
lead to exposure to biological hazards that cause infectiousdiseases.
• a. unsafe practices
• b. fungi
• c. activities
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 Occupational
health and
• Occupational health and safety safety
(OHS) is a planned system of
working to prevent illness and
injury where you work by
recognizing and identifying
hazards and risks.
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IDENTIFY HAZARDS AND RISKS-

IDENTIFYING WORKPLACE HAZARDS

MEANS LOOKING FOR
THOSETHINGS ATYOUR WORKPLACE
THAT HAVETHE POTENTIALTO CAUSE
HARM.

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2. Chemical hazard
• chemicals used in the beauty salon like nail polish, nail polish
removers, callus removers, and acrylic powders for artificial
nails are common products found in many nail salons. It causes
skin irritations and respiratory problems. Information on
chemical hazards can be obtained from the following:
• the product label
• material safety data sheet (MSDS) -This sheet will provide
• information on how to properly handle, store, discard and
• care for potentially hazardous chemicals. It will also provide
information on what to do if you are exposed to the chemical
and has bad reaction the manufacturer
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3. Slips, Trips, Falls
-Slips, trips and falls are common
occurrences in workplaces. People slip
and trip on slippery, rough or uneven
surfaces and may fall down from
stairs or off ladders.

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4. Fire
The range, number and 'portability' of
electrical equipment used in salons,
together with their proximity to water,
make for potentially hazardous
situations
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5. Manual handling of material and tools
-Lifting and moving heavy stock materials
and working at poorly designed
workstations can cause injuries and
muscle strains. Injury due to cutting with
cuticle nippers, cuticle scissors and
cuticle pusher.
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6. Infection hazards
• Unsafe or unhygienic practices in the beauty
salon may affect the health of customers
and workers that may lead to exposure to
biological hazards that cause infectious
diseases such as blood borne pathogens
(Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C,and HIV), fungal
infections (Ringworm),
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7. Ergonomic Hazards
Ergonomics is the scientific study of
people at work. The goal of ergonomics is
to reduce stress and eliminate injuries
and disorders associated with the
overuse of muscles, bad posture and
repeated tasks.
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• Directions: Write the word True if the statement is correct and False if the
statement is incorrect.
• 1. MSDS provides information on how to handle, store, discard and care for
potentially hazardous chemicals
• 2. OHS is a planned system of working to prevent illness and injury where
you work by recognizing and identifying hazards and risks in the nail salon.
• 3. Identifying workplace hazards means looking for those things at your
workplace that have the potential to cause harm.
• 4. Damaged equipment may cause an accident or injury if it is not working
correctly
• 5. In any occupation where there is exposure to blood and other bodily
fluids, there is always the potential for the transmission of blood borne
allergy
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• 6. To avoid injury and harm to health of salon's client, it
is important that new or inexperienced workers be
adequately trained in OHS.
• 7. Ergonomic is to reduce stress and eliminate injuries
and disorders associated with the overuse of muscles,
bad posture and repeated tasks
• 8. PPE is used to protect workers from chemical
hazards.
• 9. Back injuries are most commonly caused by wrong
posture or position and can be prevented.
• 10. Nail workers have an obligation to their client's 17

health and safety.

PERFORMANCE
TASK

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• Procedure
• 1. Group yourselves into 5 members
• 2. Choose your reporter and complete the Venn Diagram.
• 3. List down common hazards that might be encountered in the
following areas:
•  School
• HOUSE
• 4. Report the common hazards in class
• 5. Keep the summarized common hazards notes ,it will be used in the
next lesson
• on how to prevent hazards and risks in malls, school and market.
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 WRITEYOUR
REPORT ON A
MANILA PAPER
EVALUATE AND
CONTROL
HAZARDS AND
RISKS
PRE TEST
• Pretest LO 2
• Directions: Answer the following questions to demonstrate your prior knowledge on health and
safety issues in the workplace.
1. If spillage occurs
• a. walk over it
• b. shout for help
• c. throw towel over it
• d. identify the spillage to everyone and clean up appropriately
2. To avoid product contamination always:
• a. dispose of used or remaining product between clients
• b. use an applicator bottle or dropper to apply the product.
• c. Use single-use disposable implements to remove products from containers for
application or remove product with a clean and disinfected spatula and put product to be
used into a disposable or disinfectable service cup.
• d. all of the above 24
3. If you are carrying out a nail service and the alarm sounds , you should
• a. leave the workplace and run
• b. leave the client to relax while you go out to safe area
• c. ignore it-it might be false alarm
• d. assist your client to the nearest exit and safe place

• 4. Occupational health and safety risk assessment is carried out to

• a. make the nail salon look professional
• b. assess the risk of using chemical substances
• c. assess the risk of using equipment
• d. preventing injury, infection or accidents
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• 5. An overloaded socket requires you to
a. repair and obtain an extension wire until
new sockets can be fitted.
b. keep on using it
c. ensure candles are not near to it
d. inform people of wet floor

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• Evaluating hazards and risks is the process of
determining the level of risk created bythe hazard and
the likelihood of injury or illness occurring. The priority
of control increases as the established level of risk
increases. Person identifying the risk of harm or injury
from a hazard in a salon should consider these
questions:
•  how likely that it is a hazard will cause harm;
•  how serious that harm is likely to be;
•  how often (and how many) workers are exposed. 27
• Control Hazards and Risks
• Where the assessment reveals a problem, preventive measures must be designed and
implemented. Control measures should now be selected according to the list of control
priorities. First, try to eliminate the hazard. If this is not possible, or minimize exposure to
the risk by one or a combination of:
• a) substituting a less hazardous material, process or equipment
• b) redesigning equipment or work processes
• c) isolating the hazard

• When exposure to the risk is not (or cannot be) minimized by other means:
• a) Introduce administrative controls like safe work methods and operating
• procedures . Written work procedures control the way the work is done.
• b) Use appropriate personal protective equipment

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 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) at Work
• ``Personal protective equipment
is clothing equipment designed
to be worn by a nail
• technician or salon workers to
protect them from risks of injury
or illness.
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Advantages of wearing PPE at work:
 To prevent damage to workers’ nails and skin.
 To prevent skin from absorbing potentially
harmful ingredients which may cause skin allergies,
irritation, or other related problems.
• It is necessary to wear a dust mask to minimize
breathing in particles while filing or buffing nails.
• To protect the wearer's face and prevent the
breathing of air contaminated with chemical
and/or biological agents
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Common workplace hazards and their control measures

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 Control Measures:

 You should always check any equipment

before use.
 Ask qualified electrician to check all pieces
of electrical equipment in the workplace
annually or as often as possible.
 Broken or damaged electrical equipment
should not be used, the tag must warn people
not to use the equipment.
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 When adjusting or cleaning equipment, SWITCH
OFF the power and pull out the plug and NOT by the
cord.
 Do not touch equipment with wet hands or don't
use a wet cloth to clean sockets.
 Make sure flexible cords are fully unwound and
kept clear of work traffic.
 Do not run too many pieces of equipment from
one socket
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 CHEMICAL HAZARD
• Chemical Hazards are substances used and/or
produced at work that have the potential to harm the
health and safety of people at work.
• Beauty industry is exposed to repeated exposure to
numerous hazardous substances including nail and
skin care products,
• Example: hair dyes, bleaches, perming solutions, hair
styling agents, straighteners, rebonding solutions,
peroxides, disinfectants and cleaning products. .

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 Measures of Concentration of Toxic Substances (Chemical
Substances)
• Threshold Limit Value (TLV)
• TLV is a measures of concentration of toxic substances .It is
the average
• concentration of an airborne substance to which most
workers could be safely exposed over an eight-hour working
day or forty-hour working week throughout a working lifetime.
• Maximal Allowable Concentration ( MCL)
• MCL is a peak or maximum concentration of an airborne to
which most worker could be safely exposed

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 Control Measures:
• using alternative substances or processes which are less
hazardous
• Good ventilation can get rid of the fumes and chemical
smell that builds up in a salon
• providing separate eating and drinking amenities for
employees
• ensuring appropriate safety signs, training, instruction and
provision of Material
• Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and labels
• using appropriate PPE. 38
 SLIP, TRIPS AND FALLS

• The results of slips, trips and falls

include broken bones, abrasions,
contusions, strains, sprains, back or
spinal injuries and other serious injuries.

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 Control Measures
 clean up spills straight away.
 use mats on slippery floors.
 wear appropriate work shoes.
 improve cleaning methods to prevent build-up of
grease/detergent
 provide ample storage space, to avoid materials
being placed in aisles/walkways
 set absorbent flooring materials into entrance
areas 40
 FIRE SAFETY
• As a beauty salon staff, you must be
aware of and trained in fire and
emergency evacuation procedures in
the workplace.
• Emergency exit route will be the easiest
route by which all of the clients and staff
can leave the building or salon safely.
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 Control Measures:
 . Keep all escape routes and fire exits clear, and make regular checks
to ensure this case.
 Firefighting equipment must be available, located in specified area.
you can include fire extinguishers, blankets, sand buckets and water
hoses.
 Store products, particularly aerosols, away from naked flames or
sources of heat, at or below room temperature and in a dry
atmosphere.
 Switch off and unplug all electrical appliances before leaving the
workplace .
 Make sure that all workers in the salon are aware of the action that
must takes in the event of a fire.
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 ERGONOMICS
• Ergonomics is the study of how
equipment and furniture can be arranged
in order that people can do work or other
activities more efficiently and
comfortably . It is important in the
adaptation of work conditions to the
physical and psychological nature of
people 43
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THANK YOU
+1 555-0100

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