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    Unit 2

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    Akshata Musale
    The document discusses the classification, types, and grading of aggregates used in concrete. It describes aggregates being classified by source, petrological characteristics, and unit weight. Fine aggregates are sand and crushed stone under 5mm, while coarse aggregates are gravel and crushed stone above 5mm. Particle shape, surface texture, and grading of aggregates are also important factors for workability, density, and durability of concrete.

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    Unit 2

    Uploaded by

    Akshata Musale
    11 views22 pages
    The document discusses the classification, types, and grading of aggregates used in concrete. It describes aggregates being classified by source, petrological characteristics, and unit weight. Fine aggregates are sand and crushed stone under 5mm, while coarse aggregates are gravel and crushed stone above 5mm. Particle shape, surface texture, and grading of aggregates are also important factors for workability, density, and durability of concrete.

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    Concrete technology Module 2 notes

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    unit 2

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    The document discusses the classification, types, and grading of aggregates used in concrete. It describes aggregates being classified by source, petrological characteristics, and unit weight. Fine aggregates are sand and crushed stone under 5mm, while coarse aggregates are gravel and crushed stone above 5mm. Particle shape, surface texture, and grading of aggregates are also important factors for workability, density, and durability of concrete.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    11 views22 pages

    Unit 2

    Uploaded by

    Akshata Musale
    The document discusses the classification, types, and grading of aggregates used in concrete. It describes aggregates being classified by source, petrological characteristics, and unit weight. Fine aggregates are sand and crushed stone under 5mm, while coarse aggregates are gravel and crushed stone above 5mm. Particle shape, surface texture, and grading of aggregates are also important factors for workability, density, and durability of concrete.

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    Concrete Technology

    Unit 2
    CLASSIFICATION OF AGGREGATES
     According to Source:
    1. Natural aggregate: Native deposits with no
    change in their natural state other than
    washing, crushing & grading. (sand, gravel,
    crush stone)
    2. Artificial aggregates: They are obtained either
    as a by-product or by a special manufacturing
    process such as heating. (blast furnace slag,
    expanded perlite)
     According to Petrological
    Characteristics:
    1. Igneous rocks: are formed by solidification of
    molten lava. (granite)
    2. Sedimentary rocks: are obtained by
    deposition of weathered & transported pre-
    existing rocks or solutions. (limestone)
    3. Metamorphic rocks: are formed under high
    heat & pressure alteration of either igneous &
    sedimentary rocks (marble).
     According to Unit Weight:
    1. Heavy weight agg.: Hematite, Magnetite
    Specific Gravity, Gs > 2.8
    2. Normal weight agg.:Gravel, sand,
    crushed stone 2.8 < Gs < 2.4
    3. Light weight agg.:Expanded perlite,
    burned clay Gs < 2.4
    Fine Aggregate
    • Sand and/or
    crushed stone

    •< 5 mm

    •F.A. content
    usually 35% to
    45% by mass or
    volume of total
    aggregate
    Coarse Aggregate
    •Gravel and
    crushed stone
    • 5 mm
    typically
    between 9.5
    and 37.5 mm
    PARTICLE SHAPE & SURFACE TEXTURE

     In addition to petrological character, the external


    characteristics, i.e. The shape & surface texture of
    aggregates are of importance.
    Particle Shape
     Rounded: Completely water worn & fully shaped by
    attrition. (River Gravel)

     Irregular: Partly shaped by attrition so it contains


    some rounded edges. (Land Gravel)
     Angular: Has sharp corners, show little evidence of
    wear. (Crushed Stone)

     Flaky: Thickness is relatively small with respect to two


    other dimensions. (Laminated Rocks)

     Elongated: Have lengths considerably larger than two


    other dimensions

    t w
    FLAT ELONGATED

    ANGULAR ROUND
    Surface Texture
    This affects the bond to the cement paste & also influences
    the water demand of the mix.
    Smooth: Bond b/w cement paste & agg is weak.

    Rough: Bond b/w cement paste & agg. is strong.

    SMOOTH ROUGH
    Grading of Aggregates

    Grading is the particle-size distribution of an


    aggregate as determined by a sieve analysis using
    wire mesh sieves with square openings.
    Agg.

    #4
    *****
    #8
    #16
    #30
    #50
    #100
    Pa
    Sieve shaker Lateral & Vertical motion
    n
     The grading of aggregate must be so that the workability,
    density & volume stability of concrete may not be
    adversely affected by it.

    Fine Particles → higher cost


    Coarse Particles → less workability

     A reasonable combination of fine & coarse aggregate


    must be used. This can be expressed by maximum
    density or minimum voids concept.
    Good Gradation
    • Concrete with good gradation will have fewer
    voids to be filled with cement paste
    ( economical mix)
    • Concrete with good gradation will have fewer
    voids for water to permeate ( durability)
    • Particle size distribution affects:
    Workability
    Mix proportioning
    Freeze-thaw resistance ( durability)
    Reduction of Voids
    Grading of aggregates
    Grading of aggregates

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