Electricity and Circuits ppt3

INTRO
LESSON TITLE: OPEN, AND CLOSE CIRCUIT

GET READY
Electricity and
Circuits
Electric Charges
• Three
particles that
make up an
atom: T IVE
OSI
PO
– Protons
U T R AL
– Neutrons N E
– Electrons NE
GA
TIV
E
The Flow of Charges
• Which subatomic particle
can move from one object
to another?
– Electrons!
• What does the addition of
electrons do to the charge
of an object?
– The object will become
NEGATIVELY charged. e- e-
e-
e-
• What does the removal of
e-
electrons do to the charge

of an object?
– The object will become
POSITIVELY charged.
How Charges Interact
• When two objects
with the SAME
charge come into
contact, they
_____________.
• When two objects
with DIFFERENT
charges come into
contact, they
_____________.
Electric Current
• What is an electric current?
– The continuous flow of electric charges through
a material.
• What is the unit of measurement for
current?
– amperes (A) or amps: the amount of charge
flowing past a point in a certain amount of time.
e-
Potential Difference
• What’s potential energy (PE)?
• On a roller coaster, where
does the car have more • It’s the same for
potential energy?
• Can the car move from an
electric current!
area of low PE to high PE – The charges in a
without the help of a motor? current are like the
roller coaster cars.
– The track is like the
wires.
– The motor that gets
the cars to the top of
the first hill is like
the battery.
Potential Difference Cont.
• So what is Potential Hi
gh
Difference? Po
– The difference in En te
er nti
potential energy gy al
between two locations.
• The difference
between a
rollercoaster and an
electric current is
that the potential
difference is caused
by the difference in Lo
electrical charges in w
Po
two locations, not En ten
er
height. gy tial
Potential Difference Cont.
• Electric charges will always flow from a region
of ___________ potential energy to a region of
_________ potential energy.
• When the charge reaches the positive terminal
and enters the battery, it gains electric
potential energy as it travels through the
battery to the negative terminal.
e-
Voltage
• What is it?
– Another term for
potential difference.
• What unit is used to
measure voltage?
– Volts (V)
• So in a 9-volt battery,
when an electric charge
moves from the negative
terminal, through the
battery, to the positive
terminal, how much
e-
potential energy does
the charge gain?
– 9 volts!
Basic Circuits
• A circuit is a path
Create a basic
through which
circuit.
electricity Use only
can flow.
a battery, two
• Most circuits have
wires, and a
three parts:
bulb. Draw your
– An energy source
circuit on your
– One or more loads
notes page.
(run by electricity)
– Conductors (wires)
that connect the two
Parts of a Circuit
• Energy Source – A circuit
needs an energy source to
push a charge through the
circuit.
– Examples?
• Load – a load is a device in a
circuit that operates using
electrical energy.
– Examples?
• Conductor – a conductor is a
material that allows electrical
energy to flow through it
easily.
– What makes a good conductor?
– Examples?
Parts of a Circuit Cont.
• Resistor – a resistor is an
object added to a circuit that
restricts the flow of electrical
energy.
– Resistors inhibit the flow of
electric current by producing a
voltage drop when current passes
through them. They limit current
and cause some electric energy to
be given off as heat.
– Examples?
• Switch - a switch is a device
that is used to control the flow
of current through a circuit.
– A switch works by separating
(open) or bringing together
(closed) two conductors attached
to a circuit.
Circuit Switches
• Add a switch to your circuit. See what
happens when you open and close the
switch.
• On your notes, draw a circuit with an
open switch and a closed switch.
Indicate whether the light is on or off.
• When an electric current reaches an open
switch, the current _________.
– This creates an __________ circuit.
• When an electric current reaches a
closed switch, the current _________.
– This creates a __________ circuit.
• Why would you want a switch in a
circuit?
Types of Circuits
• Two types of
circuits:
– Series Circuit
• Provides only one
possible path for
the flow of
current.
– Parallel Circuit
• Offers more than
one path for the
flow of electricity.
Series Circuits
• In a series circuit, the loads
are set up in a series, or
line, that requires the
current to flow through one
load before passing through
the next.
• Draw your circuit on your
notes sheet.
• Use arrows to indicate the
direction the electric current
is traveling.
Parallel Circuits
• In a parallel circuit, each
load has its own path for
electricity.
• Draw your circuit on your
notes sheet.
• Use arrows to indicate the
directions the electric
current is traveling.
GUIDED ACTIVITY
RUBRIC
*Activity proper
*Presentation of output
*Follow up questions
INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY:
THINGS TO PONDER:
What actually causes electricity?
What do you call the flow of electrons?

Evaluation: Identify the answer for
the following questions.
1.How does an open circuit differ
from closed circuit
a, open circuit has electric current
while closed circuit has no switch.
b, open circuit has no electrical
current while closed circuit has
electrical current.
C, open circuit has no current while
closed current has a current but not
flowing because the path is closed
2. Why do we need a switch in an electrical current?
a. To support electricity to push
B,To give light.
c. To control the open and close path of electrical
current
d. Because it’s important component of a complete
circuit.
3.Which of the following are the standard component
of an electric circuit?
a.Switch and battery
b.Bulb
c.Connecting wires
d.All of the above
4. Link is also called
4. Link is also called
a.Branch
b.Node
c.Chord
d.Wire
5.What are two basic

type of circuits?
a,
b,
5.What are the two
major type of circuits
A,
B,
Assignment!
Draw a series circuit in your notebook

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INTRO

LESSON TITLE: OPEN, AND CLOSE CIRCUIT

electrons do to the charge

What actually causes electricity?

What do you call the flow of electrons?

5.What are two basic

Draw a series circuit in your notebook

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