C# PROGRAMMING
Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming
OBJECT-ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a
programming paradigm that organizes data and
behavior into reusable structures called objects.
Objects are instances of classes, which define
their properties and methods.
OOP promotes modularity, reusability, and
extensibility.
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CONCEPTS OF OOP
Encapsulation Inheritance Polymorphism
Encapsulation is the Inheritance allows classes Polymorphism enables
bundling of data and to inherit properties and objects to take on many
methods together within a methods from other classes forms and have multiple
class behaviors.
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CLASSES
A class is a blueprint for creating objects. It defines the
properties, methods, and events that objects of the class will
have.
Classes support encapsulation, inheritance, and
polymorphism.
In C#, classes are reference types and are instantiated using
the 'new' keyword.
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C# METHODS
Methods in C# are blocks of code that perform a
specific task.
They can be defined inside classes or structs.
Methods can have parameters and return
values. They encapsulate reusable code and
promote code organization.
C# supports different types of methods, such
as instance methods, static methods, and
extension methods.
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C# PROPERTIES
Properties provide a way to encapsulate the
internal state of a class or struct and control its
access.
They allow you to define getters and setters to
read and write the values of private fields.
Properties enable data abstraction and provide
a convenient way to access and modify object
data.
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CODE EXAMPLE
OF PROPERTIES
public class Stock
decimal currentPrice; // The private "backing" field
public decimal CurrentPrice // The public property
get { return currentPrice; } set { currentPrice = value;}
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TYPES OF PROPERTIES IN
C#
Read-only and calculated properties
Automatic properties
get and set accessibility
CLR property implementation
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PRESENTATION TASK
Explain all the types of
properties with proper
examples?
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STRUCTS
A struct is a value type that can encapsulate data and
related functionality.
Structs are typically used for lightweight objects
that don't require inheritance or reference
semantics.
Structs are passed by value, which means a copy
of the struct is created when passed to a method
or assigned to another variable.
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ENCAPSULATION
• Encapsulation is the process of bundling data and methods together
within a class. It allows you to hide the internal details and provide a
public interface for interacting with the object. Encapsulation helps in
achieving data abstraction, modularity, and code maintainability.
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INHERITANCE
• Inheritance is a mechanism that allows classes to inherit properties and
methods from other classes. It promotes code reuse and supports the
concept of generalization and specialization. In C#, classes can inherit
from a single base class, but they can implement multiple interfaces.
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POLYMORPHISM
• Polymorphism enables objects to take on many forms and have
multiple behaviors. It allows you to write code that can work with
objects of different types through a common interface. Polymorphism
is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.
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