Discovering Computers

Enhanced Edition ©2017

Tools, Apps, Devices, and the Impact of Technology

Chapter 1
Introducing Today’s
Technologies
Objectives Overview

Describe the purpose and

uses of smartphones, digital
Differentiate among Describe the relationship
cameras, portable and
laptops, tablets, desktops, between data and
digital media players, e-
and servers information
book readers, wearable
devices, and game devices

Differentiate the web from

Explain the purpose of a
the Internet, and describe
Briefly explain various input browser, a search engine,
the relationship among the
options and an online social
web, webpages, websites,
network
and web servers

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for Detailed Objectives in whole or in part.
Objectives Overview

Briefly describe digital

Differentiate between wired
security risks associated
Differentiate between an and wireless technologies,
with viruses and other
operating system and and identify reasons
malware, privacy, your
applications individuals and businesses
health, and the
use networks
environment

Discuss how society uses

Identify technology used by
technology in education,
home users, small/home
government, finance, retail,
office users, mobile users,
entertainment, health care,
power users, and enterprise
science, travel, publishing,
users
and manufacturing

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
for Detailed Objectives in whole or in part.
Today’s Technology

• Because technology changes, you

must keep up with the changes
to remain digitally literate
• Digital literacy involves having a
current knowledge and
understanding of computers,
mobile devices, the web, and
related technologies

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Figure 1-1 essible website, in whole or in part.
Computers

• A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of

instructions stored in its own memory

Accepts Produces
data Processing information
(input) (output)

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in whole or in part.
Computers

• Laptop
• Tablet
• Desktop
and All-in-One
• Server

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Figures 1-2 – 1-5essible website, in whole or in part.
Mobile and Game Devices

Smartphone

Digital camera

Portable and digital media player

E-book reader

Wearable device

Game device
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Pages 7 - 10 7
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figures 1-6 – 1-11 in whole or in part.
Data and Information

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-12 in whole or in part.
Data and Information

• A keyboard contains keys

you press to enter data
and instructions into a
computer or mobile
device

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Figure 1-13 essible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information
• A pointing device is an
input device that allows a
user to control a small
symbol on the screen
called the pointer
• Some mobile devices and
computers enable you to
speak data instructions
using voice input and to
capture live full-motion
images using video input

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Figures 1-14 – 1-15 essible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

• A scanner is a light-sensing input device that converts printed text

and images into a form the computer can process

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Figure 1-16 essible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

• An output device is any hardware component that conveys

information from a computer or mobile device to one or more
people
• A printer is an output device that produces text and graphics on a
physical medium, such as paper or other material
– A 3-D printer can print solid objects, such as clothing, prosthetics, eyewear,
implants, toys, parts, prototypes, and more

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Data and Information

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Figure 1-17 essible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

• A display is an output device that visually conveys text, graphics,

and video information

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Figure 1-18 essible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

• Speakers allow you to hear audio such as music, voice, and other
sounds
– Earbuds
– Headphones

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Figure 1-19 essible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

Memory consists of electronic components that store

instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by
those instructions

A computer keeps data, instructions, and information on

storage media

A storage device records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items

to and from storage media

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Data and Information

Hard Disk Solid-State USB Flash Drive

Drive

Memory Card Optical Disc Cloud Storage

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Figures 1-20 – 1-26 essible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer networks that connects

millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and
individuals

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-27 in whole or in part.
The Web

The World Wide Web (or web, for short) is a global library of
information available to anyone connected to the Internet

The web consists of a worldwide collection of electronic

documents, each of which is called a webpage

A website is a collection of related webpages

A web server is a computer that delivers requested

webpages to your computer
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How to access the Internet?

• Businesses, called Internet service providers (ISPs), offer

users and organizations access to the Internet free or for a
fee.
• By subscribing to an ISP, you can connect to the Internet
through your computers and mobile devices

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Are the web and Internet the same?

• No. The Internet provides more than three billion home and
business users around the world access to a variety of
services.
• The World Wide Web is one of the widely used services of
the Internet.
• Other popular services include email, instant messaging,
VoIP, and FTP

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Web usage
People around the world access the web to accomplish the following types of
online tasks:
• Search for information • Participate in online training
• Conduct research • Shop for goods and services
• Communicate with and meet • Play games with others
other people • Download or listen to music
• Share information, photos, and • Watch videos
videos with others • Download or read books
• Access news, weather, and sports • Make reservations

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The Web

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Figure 1-26 essible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• A browser is software that enables users with an Internet

connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile
device

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essible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• A search engine is software that finds websites, webpages, images,

videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific
topic

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essible website, in whole or in part.
© 2017 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly acc 26
essible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• An online social network encourages members to share their

interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other
registered users

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-29 in whole or in part.
Assignments

1. How do Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn differ?

2. It is impossible to ensure a virus or malware never will attack a computer, but how
can you take steps to protect your computer?
3. How can you contribute to green computing?
4. How do you know if a program will run on your computer?
5. Study and write down all the tables in the chapter. (1-1, 1-2 ……..)

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Internet Communications
As mentioned earlier, the web is only one of the services on the Internet. Other services on the Internet facilitate
communications among users, including the following:
• Email allows you to send messages to and receive messages and files from other users via a
computer network.
• With messaging services, you can have a real-time typed conversation with another
connected user (real-time means that both of you are online at the same time).
• VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet
• With FTP (File Transfer Protocol), users can transfer items to and from other computers
on the Internet.

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Digital Safety and Security

• It is important that users protect their computers and mobile

devices
Viruses and
Other Privacy
Malware

Health Environmental
Concerns Issues

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Digital Safety and Security

• Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and

environmental waste generated when using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

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in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to

perform and how to perform them

System Software
• Operating system
• Tools

Applications

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-30 in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• Installing a program is the process of setting up the program to work

with the computer, mobile device, printer, and/or other hardware
• Once installed, you can run a program so that you can interact with
it
• You interact with a program through its user interface

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in whole or in part.
Applications (apps)

• Applications include programs stored on a computer, as well as those on a

mobile device or delivered to your device over the Internet.
• • A desktop app is an application stored on a computer.
• • A web app is an application stored on a web server that you access through a
browser.
• • A mobile app is an application you download from a mobile device’s app
store or other location on the Internet to a smartphone or other mobile device.
• Some applications are available as both a web app and a mobile app. In this
case, you typically can sync (or match) the data and activity between the web
app and the mobile app
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Programs and Apps

• A software developer, sometimes called a developer or

programmer, is someone who develops programs and apps or
writes the instructions that direct the computer or mobile
device to process data into information

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Figure 1-31 essible website, in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• Complex programs can require thousands to millions of

instructions.
• Software developers use a programming language or application
development tool to create programs and apps. Popular
programming languages include
– C++
– Java
– JavaScript
– Visual C#
– Visual Basic
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Figure 1-31 essible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• In the course of a day, it is likely you use, or use information

generated by, one or more of these communications technologies

Chat rooms Email Fax FTP GPS

Instant
Internet Newsgroups RSS Videoconference
messaging

Wireless Wireless
Voice mail VoIP Internet access messaging
points services

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Communications and Networks

• A communications device is hardware capable of transferring items

from computers and devices to transmission media and vice versa

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Figure 1-32 essible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• Examples of wireless communications technologies include:

Wi-Fi

Bluetooth

Cellular radio
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Communications and Networks

• A network is a collection of computers and devices connected

together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and
transmission media

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Figure 1-33 essible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

Home Networks Business Networks

• Connect to the Internet • Facilitate communications
• Share a single high-speed • Share hardware
Internet connection • Share data, information, and
• Access photos, music, videos, and software
other content
• Share devices
• Play multiplayer games
• Connect game consoles to the
Internet
• Subscribe to and use VoIP
• Interact with other devices in a
smart home

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Technology Uses

Education Government Finance Retail

Entertainment Health Care Science Travel

Publishing Manufacturing

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in whole or in part.
Technology Users

Home User Small/Home Mobile User

Office User

Power User Enterprise User

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in whole or in part.
Chapter Summary

Various methods
Basic computer for input, output,
The Internet
concepts memory, and
storage

Digital security Uses of technology

and safety risks applications in
and precautions society

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in whole or in part.
 Discovering Computers
Enhanced Edition ©2017
Tools, Apps, Devices, and the Impact of Technology

Chapter 1
Introducing Today’s
Technologies
Chapter 1 Complete