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    Energy Transformations & Energy Transfers

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    hadi baig

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    Energy Transformations & Energy Transfers

    Uploaded by

    hadi baig
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    9 views12 pages

    Energy Transformations & Energy Transfers

    Uploaded by

    hadi baig

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Energy Transformations & Energy

    Transfers
    Cambridge IGCSE Physics (0625)
    Forms of energy

    Energy Energy conversions


    Transformations
    & Energy
    Conservation of energy
    Transfers

    Energy calculations
    Forms of Energy
    • At the start of a race, the
    runner’s muscles are stores of
    chemical energy
    • As the runner starts to move,
    chemical energy is transformed
    to kinetic energy and thermal
    (heat) energy
    Forms of Energy
    • Switching on the light requires a
    supply of electrical energy
    • In the light bulb, electrical
    energy is transferred to light
    energy and thermal (heat)
    energy
    Forms of Energy

    Form of Energy Source Stores/Transfers


    Kinetic Energy (K.E.) Moving object Store
    Gravitational Potential Energy (G.P.E) Uplifted object Store
    Chemical Energy Fuels store Store
    Electrical Energy Electric current Transfer
    Nuclear Energy Radioactive materials Store
    Strain (Elastic) Energy Stretched object Store
    Internal Energy Hot object Store
    Thermal (Heat) Energy Travelling from hot to cold object Transfer
    Light Energy Bright objects Transfer
    Sound Energy Vibrating object Transfer
    Energy Conversions
    • When energy changes from one form to another, we
    say that it has been converted or transformed
    • chemical energy -> K.E. + G.P.E. + thermal energy + light
    energy + sound energy
    Energy
    Conversions
    Torch Candle Electric Bell
    Conservation of Energy
    • In any energy conversion, the total amount of energy before and after
    the conversion is constant i.e., the principle of conservation of
    energy
    • For example, consider the bulb below:

    80J
    100J Light
    Electric
    20J
    Heat
    Energy Efficiency

    • The efficiency of an energy conversion is the fraction of the energy


    that ends up in the desired form
    • For example, consider two bulbs below. Which bulb (A or B) is more
    efficient?

    15J 15J
    100J A Light 25J B Light
    Electric Electric
    85J 10J
    Heat Heat
    Wasted Wasted
    Efficiency Calculations

    • When a lamp is supplied with 100J of electrical energy, it produces 15J of useful light energy.
    What is its efficiency?
    Energy Calculations

    Question: An athlete of mass 50 kg runs up a hill. The foot of the hill is 400 m above sea-level. The
    summit is 1200 m above sea-level. By how much does the athlete’s G.P.E increase? (g = 10 )
    Energy Calculations

    Question: A van of mass 2000 kg is travelling at 10 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy. If its speed
    increases to 20 m/s, by how much does its kinetic energy increase? (g = 10 )

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