Describe the images

Spot the differences in ways of communication

ORAL COMMUNICATION
Meaning and principles of effective oral communication
MEANING
Oral communication can be defined as the act of sharing thoughts and information by means
of verbal expressions. It is an essential form of communication that plays a critical role in
various contexts, including personal relationships, education, and business.

PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

There are some Principles that should be followed to make sure that the Spoken

Communication is successful.
GUESS FROM THE IMAGES - Features of Oral Communication
Well-Planned
Before presenting something, there should be proper planning regarding the
audience, topics to be delivered, timing, and other factors: So, a person must be
well-prepared to deliver his speech.

Clear pronunciation
To make oral messages meaningful to receivers, words should be clearly and
correctly pronounced. There should not be any lack of clarity, otherwise, the
communication would be confusing.
Brevity
Effective oral communication desires that a message should be brief. If the sender
took a long time for talking, his message may not get the attention of the receiver.

Precision
Precision is needed to make oral communication effective. There should not be any
confusing words rather a message to be delivered should be specific so that there is
no misunderstanding.
Natural voice
Any sort of unnatural voice may distort the message. A natural voice can do a lot to
make oral communication effective.

Logical sequence
Ideas should be organized in a sequential way to make the message communicative
and attractive. Unorganized ideas do not provide a clear sense while a logical
sequence of ideas gives a clear sense
Suitable words
Words have different meanings to different people in different situations in oral
communication, a speaker should use common, simple, and familiar words so that
the receiver can react to the message without any problem.

Courteous
Courtesy costs nothing but can earn many things. So, a speaker should be
courteous while addressing listeners. It helps create a good impression in the mind
of listeners regarding the speaker.
Attractive presentation
It is another principle to make oral communication effective. A speaker should deliver
his speech in very nice and sweet language so that the receiver is attracted to take
part in the communication.

Avoiding Emotions
Speaker must control his emotions to make oral communication effective. Too much
emotion will take the speaker away from the main subject.
Emphasis
The speaker must be knowledgeable regarding the portion of the speech where he
should give emphasis. Giving emphasis on respective points will help draw the
attention of the audience.

Controlling Gesticulation
The speaker on many occasions, consciously or unconsciously, gesticulates for
expressing his ideas or thoughts. This is a habit and should be avoided. Otherwise,
the application of such a habit may lead to % disinterest of the audience.
INTRODUCING YOURSELF
WHAT ARE GREETINGS?

why do we use them?

How many different greetings do we use in English?

How many greetings in other languages ?

Introducing yourself in an interview
Handling Formal Telephone Calls

Parts of a Telephone call

1. Opening - Greetings
2. Introductions
3. Connecting the call
4. Putting on hold
5. Closing the call
INTERVIEWS

What Is The Purpose Of An Interview?

An interview has several purposes for both the interviewer and the interviewee,
like evaluating the candidate and getting insights into an organisation. While the
organisation intends to determine if the candidate is a good fit for the position, the
candidate asks questions to understand how the organisation may provide them
opportunities to excel in their career. Learning about the objectives of the
recruitment process can help you improve your interview performance and
determine whether the role is suitable for you
PURPOSE OF AN INTERVIEW

1. TO elaborate on your qualifications - Strengths, Previous experience,

Suitable skills
2. To learn more about the position -
● Long-term and short-term goals of their organisation
● Organisational hierarchy and identity of your prospective manager
● Traditions, culture, mission and vision of their organisation
● History of the organisation and its many achievements over the years
● Challenges their organisation and the industry are experiencing
● Details about their clients and product or service
● Dress code for employees and company policies
● Salary, leaves and benefit packages
3. To visit the Workplace - infrastructure, facilities, accessibility, public transport

4. To showcase your communication skills.

5. To assess the company’s culture.

How to Prepare for an interview
1. Research the Company
- Read the job description
- Visit the company’s website
- Examine the company’s social media pages
1. Re-examine your resume
2. Prepare some Common interview questions
3. Take up mock interviews
4. Get in touch with current employees for common questions - LinkedIn
TYPES OF INTERVIEWS

https://fireflies.ai/blog/types-of-interviews

1. Structured Interviews (Directive Interview)

Structured interviews are usually those interview processes where everything is organized. The employer has a fixed set of
questions that he asks all the candidates. This help employers grade the candidates without being biased as they’ve to
answer the same question which is not experienced based.

2. Unstructured Interview

Unlike structured interviews, unstructured interviews are open-ended and the interviewer does not have a predetermined
set of questions to ask the candidate. The interviewer instead relies on a conversational approach to assess the candidate’s
skills, experience, and fit for the role.

This type of interview is designed to provide a more informal and relaxed atmosphere, allowing the interviewer to gain a
better understanding of your personality and potential.
https://www.sjsu.edu/aanapisi/docs/THartLessonPlan.pdf

https://iusd.org/sites/default/files/documents/imported/sampleschoolsitecouncilminutes.pd
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3. Situational Interviews

Situational interviews are those types of interviews in which the interviewer presents the candidate with a hypothetical
situation related to the role they are applying for and asks them how they would respond.
The interviewer then assesses your problem-solving and decision-making skills, as well as your ability to handle pressure
and respond to challenges in the workplace. The goal of a situational interview is to gauge your ability to apply your skills
and experience to real-life scenarios.

4. Screening Interviews

Screening interviews are brief conversations that aim to determine if a job candidate has the qualifications and characteristics
the employer is looking for. It typically takes place over the phone or via video call, usually with a recruiter or hiring
manager. During the interview, you’ll be asked questions about your background and experience, motivation for applying for
the role, and skills relevant to the job.
5. Group Interviews & Panel Interviews
Group interviews and panel interviews are similar in that more than one interviewer is present. In a
group interview, multiple candidates will answer questions asked by the recruiter or hiring
manager at the same time.
Group interviews could be used to compare different candidates and see how they interact with each
other as well as members of the team. In panel interviews, multiple senior people from the company
ask questions of the candidate(s) one by one.
It’s important to have an excellent knowledge of the role, organization, and industry if you’re
attending this type of interview so you can be sure to make an impression.
6. Focus group Interviews
With focus group interviews, the researcher will present the questions to a group instead of
an individual. These types of interviews don’t just study the responses of the interviewees;
they also study the group dynamic and body language. The main issue with focus group
interviews is that they have low external validity, and the interviewer may be biased when
choosing the responses to include. Here are a few cases where focus group interviews can
be suitable:

● If the study depends on group discussion dynamics

● If the questions are complex and can’t be answered with multiple choices
● If the study is open to uncovering new ideas and questions
MEETINGS
https://www.sjsu.edu/aanapisi/docs/THartLessonPlan.pdf

https://iusd.org/sites/default/files/documents/imported/sampleschoolsitecouncilminutes.pd
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PRESENTATIONS
PowerPoint, a versatile software tool, has revolutionised the way presentations are created and
delivered. PowerPoint empowers presenters to showcase their ideas, captivate audiences, and
effectively convey information. Learning about the Advantages and Disadvantages of
PowerPoint is crucial to use it effectively

ADVANTAGES

1. Visual appeal and aesthetic design

One of the primary Advantages of PowerPoint is its ability to create visually appealing
presentations. With a vast array of design templates, colour schemes, and graphical
elements, PowerPoint allows you to add visual appeal to your slides. This visual
enhancement can captivate your audience's attention and make your presentation more
engaging.
Easy to use and accessible
PowerPoint is known for its user-friendly interface, making it accessible to users of any level. Its intuitive design and
straightforward navigation enable users to create presentations quickly and efficiently. Moreover, PowerPoint is compatible
with various operating systems, ensuring broad accessibility across different devices.

Efficient information organisation

One of the significant Advantages of PowerPoint is its capability to organise information effectively. With features like bullet
points, numbered lists, and hierarchical structures, you can present your ideas in a logical and organised manner. This
helps your audience understand and retain the information more easily.

Enhanced audience engagement

PowerPoint offers various features to enhance audience engagement during presentations. Animations, transitions, and
multimedia elements can make your slides dynamic and captivating. Additionally, interactive features like hyperlinks and
embedded videos can encourage audience participation, making your presentation more memorable.
DISADVANTAGES OF PPT
Overreliance on visuals
While visuals can enhance a presentation, overreliance on them can be a disadvantage. When too much
emphasis is placed on visuals, the audience may become distracted or miss essential information. It's crucial
to strike a balance between visuals and textual content to ensure the message is effectively conveyed.

Potential for information overload

Powerpoint Presentations have the potential to overwhelm the audience with excessive information.
Presenters may feel compelled to include every detail on the slides, leading to information overload. It's
important to prioritise key points and keep the content concise and focused to prevent overwhelming the
audience.

Lack of interactivity
PowerPoint is primarily a one-way communication tool, limiting interactivity during presentations. While you
can incorporate interactive elements, such as hyperlinks or quizzes, the level of interaction is often limited.
This can hinder audience engagement and participation, particularly in scenarios that require active
involvement.
Technical glitches and compatibility issues
Technical glitches and compatibility issues can occasionally occur when using PowerPoint. File
corruption, formatting inconsistencies, or software compatibility problems can disrupt the smooth
delivery of your presentation. It's crucial to test your presentation on the actual equipment or platform
to minimise the risk of technical difficulties.

Dependency on the presenter

Powerpoint Presentations often rely heavily on the presenter's ability to deliver the content effectively.
A presenter who lacks public speaking skills or fails to engage the audience may negatively impact
the overall effectiveness of the presentation. Developing strong presentation skills and practising
delivering your presentation is important to ensure a successful outcome.