Electrosurgical Equipment Shahin

Electrosurgical Devices
Presented By
Shahin Mahmud Khan
ID:0423260004
Short Introduction
An electrosurgical device is a medical instrument that is frequently used
during surgical operations to help prevent blood loss. It works by heating
tissue with an electric current . Electrosurgical devices can be used for
cutting, tissue ablation, desiccation, or a combination of effects . They are
commonly used in various medical fields such as Gastroenterology,
General Surgery, Ob-Gyn, ENT, Pulmonary Medicine, and Dermatology.
Types of ESD
There are several types of electrosurgical devices, including the
electrosurgical unit, which generates the electrical current, dispersive
electrodes, active electrodes (such as snares, probes, forceps, knives,
sphincterotomes), monopolar and bipolar electrosurgical instruments,
and advanced energy devices (ultrasonic and advanced bipolar
devices) .But Electrosurgical instruments can be roughly divided into
two categories: Monopolar and Bipolar. These describe the path of the
electrical current during surgery
Differences Between Mono & Bipolar ESU
Working Principle
An electrosurgical system consists of an electrosurgical unit, sometimes
referred to as a generator or an ESU. The active electrode, the patient,
and (as needed) the dispersive electrode sometimes referred to as the
grounding pad. The generator takes current from the outlet and speeds it
up. At this frequency, muscles and nerves are not affected, and heat is
created at the cellular level.2 The heat created is responsible for the
cutting and coagulation effect that is experienced.
Electrosurgery works by cutting or coagulating tissue via a high-frequency
electrical current that is generated from an electrosurgical unit or ESU.
The electrical current travels through an attached device (active electrode)
and creates localized heating to allow for precise cuts or coagulation of the
tissue which helps to reduce the risk of bleeding. By adjusting the method,
mode, and power settings (wattage), physicians can customize the unit
output setting for a variety of procedures.
Physics Behind The Technology
Electrosurgery is the application of a high-frequency (radio frequency) alternating
polarity, electrical current to biological tissue as a means to cut, coagulate,
desiccate, or fulgurate tissue 1. The electromagnetic energy is first converted to
kinetic energy inside the cells then the kinetic energy gets converted to thermal
energy and the desired effect in the tissue is determined by the electrical
properties of the equipment being used, type, shape, size, thickness of the tissues
as well as the duration of exposure.
The physics behind electrosurgical devices is complex, but can be simplified into
two main processes: resistive heating and dielectric breakdown. Resistive heating
occurs when the electrical current passes through the tissue, causing resistance
and generating heat. Dielectric breakdown occurs when the electrical field
strength is high enough to break down the insulation of the tissue, resulting in an
electrical discharge and the formation of plasma. These processes are carefully
controlled by the device to ensure precise and safe treatment.
Circuit Diagram of ESU
Block Diagram of ESU
Advantage & Diadvantages
Advantages and Disadvantages Electrosurgical devices offer several advantages
over traditional surgical tools. One of the biggest advantages is their ability to
simultaneously cut and coagulate tissue, which reduces bleeding and shortens the
length of procedures. Electrosurgery also allows for greater precision and control,
as the surgeon can adjust the intensity and duration of the electrical current based
on the specific needs of the procedure. This results in less damage to surrounding
tissue and faster healing times for patients.
However, there are also some disadvantages to using electrosurgical devices. One
of the main concerns is the risk of burns, particularly when using monopolar
devices. If the electrical current is not properly controlled, it can cause unintended
damage to nearby tissue or organs. Additionally, electrosurgery can be more
expensive than traditional surgery, as the equipment and training required for its
use can be costly.
Conclusion
Electrosurgical devices have revolutionized the field of medicine, allowing
for more precise and efficient procedures with fewer complications. From
routine surgeries to complex procedures, electrosurgical devices have
become a cornerstone of medical practice. They offer numerous benefits
over traditional surgical methods, including faster healing times, reduced
scarring, and improved patient outcomes. By harnessing the power of
electricity, we can achieve greater precision and control in surgical
procedures, ultimately leading to better patient care and outcomes.
Questions
 1.Explicate about two types of Electrosurgical Device

 2.Draw & Derscribe the working principle of ESD.
 3.Advantages of using ESD over conventional surgical tools.

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Electrosurgical Devices

 1.Explicate about two types of Electrosurgical Device

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