Meslekiİngilizce

WATER
AND
ENVIRONMENT
151620211089 AYBENİZ SAVAŞ

151620211064 SEMİHA TAŞKIN
151620211069 ASLI YÜKSEL
151620211056 CEYLİN UÇARER
151620211051 ÖZLEM COŞAR
• Water is a vital resource for life, essential for human
health, agriculture, industry, and ecosystems.
• However, the world faces an escalating water crisis
driven by factors such as population growth,
urbanization, pollution, and climate change.
• The United Nations estimates that by 2050, over half
of the world’s population will live in water-stressed
regions, exacerbating competition for dwindling water
supplies.
• In response to this crisis, the concept of the circular water
economy has gained traction as a framework for sustainable
water management.
• Inspired by the principles of the circular economy, which
seeks to minimize waste and maximize resource efficiency,
the circular water economy emphasizes the need to reduce,
reuse, and recycle water resources.
• Rather than viewing water as a disposable commodity, this
approach advocates for closing the loop in the water cycle,
promoting resilience and sustainability in the face of
growing water scarcity and environmental degradation.
• Central to the realization of the circular water economy vision is the discipline
of chemical engineering.
• Chemical engineers possess the expertise and tools necessary to design,
optimize, and implement processes for treating, purifying, and managing
water resources.
• From conventional wastewater treatment plants to cutting-edge membrane
filtration systems, chemical engineering plays a pivotal role in developing
technologies that enable the efficient utilization and reuse of water.
• Moreover, chemical engineering
simulations are invaluable tools for
understanding and improving
water management processes.
Chemical engineering and the circular
water economy
In the face of escalating water scarcity and environmental The circular water economy concept advocates for the
degradation, the imperative for sustainable water efficient utilization, recycling, and reclamation of water
management has never been more urgent. Chemical resources to minimize waste and maximize resource
engineering emerges as a pivotal discipline in the pursuit of efficiency.
solutions to these pressing challenges.
WATER’S FUNDAMENTAL
IMPORTANCE
• Water is one of the most widely occurring
substances on Earth. It covers seventy percent
of the planet’s surface.
• Water is the only substance that exists
naturally in all three states—solid (ice), liquid,
and gas (water vapor and steam). Water falls as
various types of precipitation—rain, hail, sleet,
snow—and collects on the surface in glaciers,
lakes, marshes, rivers, and oceans. It can be
suspended in the air or found deep
underground. Its presence helps regulate
Earth’s temperature.
• Water is essential for all living species. Humans drink water and use it for
agriculture, for industry, and for recreation.
• It is also valued in aesthetic and spiritual ways. In most of the world’s major
religions, water has an important symbolic or ceremonial role.
• Not surprisingly, the development of human civilization has been closely linked to
the presence of water.
• Historically, people settled or moved between places where water was plentiful
and good for drinking. These two factors—water’s quantity and its quality—
continue to shape how we use, manage, and discuss water today.
The Universal Solvent
• Water can dissolve more substances than almost any other liquid. That’s
why it is often called the “universal solvent”. Wherever water travels
through the air, the ground, and even our bodies, it picks up and carries
chemicals, minerals, and nutrients.
• Water’s solvent properties are what make it
so important to life because it allows the
transfer of nutrients that are vital to animals
and plants.
• But, it also means that water can pick up
material harmful to life. A drop of rainwater
falling through the air, for example, dissolves
atmospheric gases. If this rainwater becomes
acidic, it affects the quality of land, rivers, and
lakes.
Why we need water for the
environment
• Healthy rivers carry water to homes, farms,
schools and businesses. Along the way they
nourish entire ecosystems and provide important
habitat for native plants and animals.
• Rivers, creeks and wetlands are the lifeblood of
NSW. They make towns more livable and provide
a place to relax, unwind and reconnect with
nature. For Aboriginal people, healthy rivers are
essential to spiritual, cultural and physical
wellbeing.
The benefits of a robust and productive Water for the environment is an important
river system extend well beyond the river tool to ensure these natural systems survive
bank. While some of these benefits are easy and thrive for the benefit of all.
to see, others are less so. But all are
critically important to the future of our river
communities – plant, animal and human.
What water for the environment
does ?
• Water for the environment has helped to restore,
maintain and improve river and wetland sites
across New South Wales over the past 20 years.
• Water releases trigger a surge in the number of
insects and micro-organisms within a wetland.
Frogs emerge to feed and become food for
waterbirds, fish, turtles and other reptiles.
• Plants reproduce and set seed, providing food,
shelter and nesting materials for animals. Wetland
plants also filter the water, capturing sediment
and returning it to the floodplain floor ready to
feed the next generation of wetland plants.
• Native fish respond to the conditions and begin to
breed. Fish are an essential part of a healthy river.
Supporting native fish supports the recreational
fishing and tourism industries.
• Specific sites are targeted to support waterbird
and woodland bird breeding events. Birds play an
important role in the riverine environment,
controlling pest insects and helping pollination.
Bird watching and bushwalking support tourism in
local communities.
• During dry times, water for the environment is
used strategically to provide refuge sites for key
plant and animal species ensuring their survival
in the longer term.
• Environmental flows help to recharge ground
water systems.
• Rivers and wetlands also cool the land around
them. They help to slow fast-flowing flood
waters and filter the water running through
them. Flows spread out onto the floodplain,
depositing sediments which in turn enrich the
soil and increase productivity for agriculture.
How healthy rivers benefit people, plants
and animals?
Recreational fishing, Water for the As water moves onto the Water for the
tourism, agriculture, environment supports floodplain, it releases environment is vital to
industry and public the health of the river so carbon that energies the help maintain a healthy,
health all benefit from that it can in turn food web. productive and resilient
robust and productive provide for human river system for the
river systems. needs. benefit of plants,
animals and people.
REFERENCES
• https://www.gov.nl.ca/education/files/ENVIR001_Unit_4_lorez.pdf
• https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/water/water-for-the-
environment/about-water-for-the-environment/what-is-it
• https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/water/water-for-the-
environment/about-water-for-the-environment/what-is-it/why-do-
we-need-it
• https://wjarr.com/sites/default/files/WJARR-2024-0647.pdf

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WATER

151620211089 AYBENİZ SAVAŞ

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