Local Government

Structure
Local Government
Framework
 Role of LGUs

• Local governments are key in leading or

supporting the creation of an economic
development strategy. The strategy's success
will directly affect a community's tax base.
The goal is to provide revenue to maintain,
grow and improve local infrastructure and
community services.
 Role of LGUs
Local government functions that influence economic
development and planning include:
• Planning and zoning by-laws
• Taxation
• Local business support
• Collaborating between communities and in the larger
region
• Accessing and using programs offered by provincial and
federal governments
• Advocating for community economic development
priorities with governments and industry
 Role of LGUs

The benefits of local government activities that

support economic development include:
•Helping create and keep stable, well-paying
jobs in the community
•Improving the quality of life by providing:
• Improved services
• Environmental and recreational areas
• Cultural and social activities
Citizenship
Citizenship vs. Citizen

• Citizenship is a term denoting

membership of a citizen in a political
society.

• Citizen is a person having the title of

citizenship.
 Modes of acquiring
citizenship
• Involuntary Method
• By birth, because of the blood relationship or the
place of birth.

• Voluntary Method
• By naturalization.

*these two modes of acquiring citizenship

correspond to the two kinds of citizens - natural-
born and naturalized citizens.
 Citizens by birth

There are two principles that govern

citizenship by birth:

1.Jus Sangunis – Blood relationship

determines the citizenship of a child under
this rule. The citizenship of the child follows
that of the parents or one of them. This rule
is observed in the Philippines.
2. Jus Soli or Jus Loci- The place of birth
serves as the basis for acquiring citizenship
under this rule. A person becomes the
citizen of the state where he was born
irrespective of the citizenship of his parents.
This rule is observed in the United States of
America.
Who are citizens of the
Philippines?
Under Section 1 of Article IV of the Constitution,
the following are the citizens of the Philippines:
•[1] Those who are citizens of the Philippines at
the time of the adoption of this Constitution;
•[2] Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of
the Philippines;
•[3] Those born before January 17, 1973, of
Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship
upon reaching the age of majority; and
•[4] Those who are naturalized in accordance with
law.
Section 1 paragraph 1

• The citizens referred to are those

considered Filipino citizens under the 1973
Constitution at the time of the effectivity of
the 1987 Constitution on February 2,
1987.
• The purpose of Section 1 is to protect the
status of those who were already citizens
at the time the new Constitution took
effect.
Section 1 paragraph 2
• The Philippines follows the principle of Jus
Sanguinis. In the determination of the
citizenship of the child, Filipino mothers are
placed by the Constitution on equal footing
with their husbands.
• Under this provision, a child born of a
Filipino citizen is a citizen of the Philippines
although illegitimate since the Constitution
does not make any distinction.
 Jus Soli vs. Jus
Sanguinis
• If a child is born in a state where the rule
observed is jus soli, or a child’s father or
mother is an alien whose country follows
also the principle of jus sanguinis, it would
be a case of dual citizenship.
Section 1 paragraph 3
• Under the 1935 Constitution, a child born of a
Filipino mother, who was married to a foreigner,
is born an alien and remains an alien during his
minority until he elects Philippine citizenship.
Prior to such election, he has an inchoate right
to Filipino citizenship.
• Thus if the child was born to a Filipino mother
and an alien father before January 17, 1973, he
must elect Filipino Citizenship upon reaching
the age of majority
Section 1 paragraph 4
• Naturalization is the act of formally adopting a
foreigner into the political body of the state and
clothing him with the rights and privileges of
citizenship.
• Citizenship in the Philippines, be it ever so small
and weak, is always a privilege and cannot be
taken as a matter of right.
• Example of aliens who acquired Filipino
citizenship by naturalization is Andray Blatche of
Gilas Pilipinas, who was a full- blooded
American until his naturalization.
Ways of acquiring citizenship
by naturalization

1. By judgment of the court

2. By direct act of Congress

3. By administrative proceedings.
Who are natural- born
citizens?
• Under Section 2 of Article IV, it provides:

“Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens

of the Philippines from birth without having to
perform any act to acquire or perfect their
Philippine citizenship. Those who elect
Philippine citizenship in accordance with
paragraph (3), Section 1 hereof shall be deemed
natural-born citizens.”
• Natural- born citizens refer to:
a) Who at the moment of their birth are already
citizens of the Philippines, and
b) Do not have to perform any act to acquire
his Philippine Citizenship.
c) Those who born before January 17, 1973 of
Filipino mothers and elect Filipino citizenship
upon reaching the age of majority.
Can Filipino citizenship
be lost?

• Under Section 3 of Article IV, Philippine

citizeship may be lost or reacquired in the
manner provided by law.
 Loss of citizenship
• A Filipino citizen may lose his citizenship in any of the
following ways;
1) Voluntary
a) By naturalization in a foreign country
b) By express renunciation of citizenship
c) By subscribing to an oath of allegiance of another country
d) By rendering service to the armed forces of another
country
2) Involuntary
a) By cancellation of certificate of naturalization
b) By having been declared as a deserter of the Philippine
Armed Forces in time of war.
Dual allegiance vs. Dual
citizenship
• Dual allegiance refers to the continued
allegiance of naturalized nationals to their
mother country even after they have
acquired Filipino citizenship.
• Dual citizenship refers to the possession
of two citizenships by an individual, that of
his original citizenship and that of the
country where he became a naturalized
citizen.
What does it mean
to be a Filipino?
Who is a Filipino?
 “12 Little Things
Every Filipino Can
Do To Help Our
Country”
 Number 1

• Follow traffic rules

– Traffic rules are the
simplest of our laws. If
we learn to follow
them, it could be the
lowest form of national
discipline we can
develop.
 Number 2

• Whenever you buy

or pay for anything,
always ask for an
official receipt.
– When we buy a product or
pay for a service, the price
we pay already includes
the tax. Under the law, the
seller, as the tax-paying
agent, is obligated to remit
or forward the tax to the
government.
 Number 3

• Do not buy
smuggled goods.
Buy Local. Buy
Filipino.
– Our markets in the country
today are flooded with all
kinds of cheap imported
products.
– As a result, smugglers are
able to sell these imported
goods at very cheap prices,
ultimately killing local
products.
 Number 4

• When you talk to

others, especially
foreigners, speak
positively of our
race and our
country.
– There are so many
good things we can
talk about ourselves
as a people and as a
nation.
 Number 5

• Respect your Traffic

Officer, Policeman,
Soldier, and other
Public Servants
– “respect begets
respect”
– Respect honors. It
empowers. It dignifies.
It makes a person
proud. It makes one
feel honorable.
 Number 6

• Do not litter. Dispose

of your garbage
properly. Segregate.
Recycle. Conserve.
– Our human acts – in a quest
for food, clothing, shelter,
luxury, dreams, or folly –
affect our environment and
nature, although always
slowly and imperceptibly. But
when nature reacts, it could
affect us all
 Number 7

• Support your
Church
– If this is done,
churches will be
empowered to have
more resources to
help the poor and
neglected members of
society.
 Number 8

• During the
Elections, Do Your
Solemn Duty.

– “If you want to solve a

problem, be a part of
the solution”.
 Number 9

• Pay your employees

well.
– “The ultimate measure
of success is not what
you have become, or
who you have
become, but what
others have become
because of you.”
 Number 10

• Pay your taxes.

– “Taxes are the

lifeblood of the
government and their
prompt and certain
availability is of an
imperious need”.
 Number 11

• Adopt a Scholar or
adopt a poor child.

– The sacrifice we make

to save a poor soul, an
innocent child, and
give him a world
where there’s food,
love, and a secure
future, is a worthwhile
one.
 Number 12

• Be a Good Parent,
Teach your Kids to
Follow the Law, and
Love Our Country.
– If we teach our children to
listen to each other, they will
someday know how to listen
to other people in our
society. If we teach our
children to respect each
other’s views, they will
someday know how to
respect other people’s views.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!