Teaching and Learning

Presented by,
LEARNER –CENTERED Surya Gayathri S S

TEACHING AND LEARNING Roll no 96
Department of English
LEARNER CENTERED TEACHING
In the traditional method of education teachers play a dominant role.
Learner centered teaching encompasses methods of teaching that shifts the
focus of instruction from the teacher to the student. In the learner centered
teaching the students are active and the teachers are passive.
MEANING
Student centered learning also known as learner centered education. The
students decide what to learn, how to learn, when to learn and how to
assess their own learning. The student learn the subject matter according
to their own learning. The students learn the subject matter according to
their own needs, interests, abilities and pace.

Learner centered teaching promotes a different, deeper, and a better
kind of learning. It is a kind of learning that lasts, and enables higher
education to achieve some of its broadest and highest goals.
Student centered teaching techniques include activities like debate,
seminar, project-based teaching method, field trip, problem solving method,
brain storming, colloquium, etc.

CHARACTERISTICS OF LEARNER
CENTERED TEACHING
1. CATERING MULTIPLE LEARNING STYLES
Teacher’s classroom teaching activities will be so structured to
satisfy the needs of the students, having different learning styles.

2. PROMOTE LEARNING SKILLS IN STUDENTS
 As a teacher uses different types of teaching skills like questioning, using
stimulus variation, reinforcement, using blackboard, set induction, explain
illustrating with examples etc.
 Provide an opportunities in learner centered teaching to develop learning
skills such as reflecting problem- solving, reading books etc.
 The students learn how to analyze, how to interpret and how to reason out
various critical problems.

3. GIVING IMPORTANCE FOR GROUP LEARNING
Student centered teaching gives much importance to student’s group

learning.
Use instructional methods to provide opportunities to students to discuss

among themselves, work cooperatively and share their learning with others
such as project method, debate, Seminar, Brain Storming, Cooperative
Learning, Group Discussion etc.
4. USING STUDENT’S PRIOR KNOWLEDGE
EFFECTIVELY
Teacher’s classroom teaching activities will be such that helping students

to reconstruct their knowledge.
Make use of their prior knowledge and experiences to understand the new
information provided by the teacher in the class.
5. MOTIVATION
Helps to motivate the students to control the learning process. In
traditional method teachers control the learning process of students but in
learner centered teaching the learners decide what to learn, when to learn
how to learn.
One of the salient features of student centered learning is teacher’s
teaching activities.
Give importance for making students know what they will learn how they
will assess their own teaching.
In student- centered learning, teacher’s classroom activities facilitate

students to learn by themselves, evaluate their work and direct their
learning.
NEED FOR LEARNER- CENTERED APPROACHES
IN TEACHING
1. Developing knowledge base in students:
To create knowledge base among students, teachers adopt student-
centered teaching.
2.Strategic processing and executive control
Developing strategic processing and executive control of one’s thoughts
and behaviour.
The ability to reflect on regulate one’s thought and behaviour is an
essential aspect of learning.

3. Motivation and Affect
Learner – centered teachers increases student’s motivation for learning and
mental satisfaction in school activities. In learner centered approach, the
students are motivated to learn.

4. Individual Differences
 Each individual is unique. Learner centered approach helps to determine
individual difference among students.

5.Situation or context
Learner centered approach helps to identify the context and make the
student to according to it.

6. Influence Of Social Environment In
Learning
Jean Piaget (1963) and Vygotsky (1978), highlight the influence of

student’s active involvement and social interactions in the process of
learning.
The student centered teaching techniques in particular are highly

effective in producing higher learning achievement in students.
Intrinsic motivation in learning among students and develops social

skills in students by efficiently using environment factors in learning.
ADVANTAGES OF LEARNER-CENTERED
TEACHING
It helps to achieve learning

It helps to retain everything
It help to develop self esteem
It helps to develop reasoning power
It helps the student to interact among the members. So that they can
gather vast information.
DEMERITS OF LEARNER CENTERED TEACHING
It requires a longer time for students so it is difficult to achieve curriculum

targets.
Take a long time for teachers so that teachers in general do not want to use
cooperative learning.
It requires special skills of teachers so that not all teachers can do use of
cooperative learning
Specific nature of student demands, such as the nature likes to work
together.
LEARNER CENTERED TEACHING VS TEACHER
CENTERED LEARNING
Sl.No. Teacher centered Learning Learner centered Teaching

1 Teachers are active and students are passive Students are active and teachers passive
2 Knowledge is transformed from teachers to Knowledge is gathered by the students by
students doing various assignments, group work etc.
3 Teacher is the information giver The learner gathers information from the peer
group and discuss among themselves
4 Assessment is to monitor learning Assessment is to diagnose learning and to
reduce the errors
5 Teacher chooses topics Students have some choice of topics
LEARNER CENTERED TEACHING VS TEACHER
CENTERED LEARNING
Sl.No.1 Teacher centered Learning Learner centered Teaching

6 Gives importance to right answer Gives importance to correct the wrong answer
7 Assessment and teaching are separate Assessment and gathering information are
intertwined
8 Gives importance to competition and Gives importance to collaborative and group
individuality work
9 Students are viewed as learners Teachers and students learn together
10 Classroom is quiet Classroom is often noisy and busy
11 Culture is competitive and individualistic Culture is co operative, collaborative and
supportive
LEARNER CENTERED TECHNIQUES OF
TEACHING
1. LECTURE/OPEN- ENDED QUESTIONING
Lecture in 7 to 10 minute segments with pre planned

open-ended questions between segments. Ask students to record their
answers in their notes, share with the person sitting next to them,
and share with the class.
2. CLASS DISCUSSION LED TEACHER/STUDENTS
Formal or informal discussion primed by open-ended process

types of questions. When using this technique be sure to stick to the
class objectives, make the expectations, clear, and focus on only one
issue with the varying views or opinions raised.
3. DEMONSTRATION
 Instructor shows how a skill should be performed and observes students

performing a skill and provides feedback throughout the process.
4. CASE STUDIES
Study a singular instance or event that can be studied to illustrate a
concept. The most motivating and effective case studies involve real people
and real problems that must be solved.

5. LITERATURE REVIEW
 Student read an reflect on articles in professional journals in order to

become familiar with course content and current research.
6. PROBLEM SOLVING ACTIVITIES
Provide problem scenarios for students to work through in small

groups. Students should work together to brainstorm multiple
solutions to the problem.
7. STUDENT PRESENTATIONS/PEER TEACHING
Students assume professional roles when presenting course content

to the class. Peer teaching has significant gains on learning while
increasing the communication skills of students.
8.DEBATE
Informal or formal debate on current issues related to the course

content. When using this technique allow students time to prepare
for their side of argument, and set expectations and ground rules
prior to the debate.
VARIOUS LEARNER CENTERED TECHNIQUES
OF TEACHING
1. Cooperative learning
2. Group interactive classroom sessions
3. Assignment
4. Seminars
5. Conference
6. Collaborative learning
7. Heuristic method
8. Project work
9. Problem solving method
10.Brain Storming
11.Colloquium
12.Creative writing
13.Blended learning
14.Online learning

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Presented by,

LEARNER –CENTERED Surya Gayathri S S

In the traditional method of education teachers play a dominant role.

Learner centered teaching encompasses methods of teaching that shifts the

Student centered learning also known as learner centered education. The

their own needs, interests, abilities and pace.

kind of learning. It is a kind of learning that lasts, and enables higher

education to achieve some of its broadest and highest goals.

Student centered teaching techniques include activities like debate,

seminar, project-based teaching method, field trip, problem solving method,

brain storming, colloquium, etc.

Teacher’s classroom teaching activities will be so structured to

satisfy the needs of the students, having different learning styles.

 As a teacher uses different types of teaching skills like questioning, using

stimulus variation, reinforcement, using blackboard, set induction, explain

illustrating with examples etc.

 Provide an opportunities in learner centered teaching to develop learning

skills such as reflecting problem- solving, reading books etc.

various critical problems.

Student centered teaching gives much importance to student’s group

Use instructional methods to provide opportunities to students to discuss

Teacher’s classroom teaching activities will be such that helping students

Helps to motivate the students to control the learning process. In

traditional method teachers control the learning process of students but in

In student- centered learning, teacher’s classroom activities facilitate

1. Developing knowledge base in students:

To create knowledge base among students, teachers adopt student-

Developing strategic processing and executive control of one’s thoughts

The ability to reflect on regulate one’s thought and behaviour is an

essential aspect of learning.

Learner – centered teachers increases student’s motivation for learning and

mental satisfaction in school activities. In learner centered approach, the

students are motivated to learn.

 Each individual is unique. Learner centered approach helps to determine

individual difference among students.

student to according to it.

Jean Piaget (1963) and Vygotsky (1978), highlight the influence of

The student centered teaching techniques in particular are highly

Intrinsic motivation in learning among students and develops social

It helps to achieve learning

It requires a longer time for students so it is difficult to achieve curriculum

Sl.No. Teacher centered Learning Learner centered Teaching

Sl.No.1 Teacher centered Learning Learner centered Teaching

1. LECTURE/OPEN- ENDED QUESTIONING

Lecture in 7 to 10 minute segments with pre planned

Formal or informal discussion primed by open-ended process

 Instructor shows how a skill should be performed and observes students

Study a singular instance or event that can be studied to illustrate a

and real problems that must be solved.

 Student read an reflect on articles in professional journals in order to

Provide problem scenarios for students to work through in small

Students assume professional roles when presenting course content

Informal or formal debate on current issues related to the course

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