Scientific Notation Notes

SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
A QUICK WAY TO WRITE

REALLY, REALLY BIG
OR
REALLY, REALLY SMALL NUMBERS.
Mathematicia
ns
are Lazy!!!
They decided that by
using powers of 10,
they can create short
versions of long
numbers.
Rules for Scientific
Notation
To be in proper scientific
notation the number must be
written with
* a number between 1 and 10
* and multiplied by a power
of
ten
23 X 105 is not in proper
scientific notation. Why?
FOR EXAMPLE:
The number 4,500 is written in scientific notation as4.5 x 103
________________.
The coefficient is4.5

_________.
The coefficient must be a number greater than or
equal to 1 and smaller than 10.
The power of 10 or exponent in this example

3 is
______.
The exponent indicates how many times the
coefficient must be multiplied by 10 to equal the
original number of 4,500.
Rules to Remember!
If a number is greater
than 10, the exponent
will positive
be _____________ and
is equal to the number
of places the decimal
must left
be moved to the
________ to write the
number in scientific
notation.
Rules to Remember!
If a number is less than

10, the exponent will be
_____________
negative and is
equal to the number of
places the decimal must
be moved
right to the
________ to write the
number in scientific
notation.
To write a number in scientific notation:
1. Move the decimal to the
right of the first non-zero
number.
2. Count how many places the
decimal had to be moved.
3. If the decimal had to be moved
to the right, the exponent is
negative.
4. If the decimal had to be moved to the left,
the exponent is positive.
Soooo
137,000,000 can be
rewritten as
1.37 X 10 8
Now You Try
Using scientific notation,
rewrite the following
numbers.
347,000.
3.47 X 105
902,000,000.
9.02 X 108
61,400.
Convert these:
1.23 X 105
123,000
6.806 X 106
6,806,000
Try These
4,000
4 X 103
2.48 X 103
2,480
6.123 X 106
6,123,000
306,000,000
3.06 X 108
In the United States, 15,000,000
households use private wells for
their water supply. Write this
number in scientific notation.
1.5 X 107
• The U.S. has a total of 1.2916
X 107 acres of land reserved
for state parks. Write this in
standard form.
12,916,000 acres
Why does a Negative
Exponent give us a small
number?
10000 = 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 104
1000 = 10 x 10 x 10 = 103
100 = 10 x 10 = 102
10 = 101
1 = 100
Do you see a pattern?
Sooooo
1
= 10-1
10
1 1
= = 10 -2
100 10 2
1 = 1
3
= 10 -3
1000 10
1 1
=
10000 10 =
4
10-4
Your Turn
Using Scientific Notation,
rewrite the following numbers.
0.000882
8.82 X 10-4
0.00000059
5.9 X 10-7
0.00004
4 X 10-5
More Examples
1) 0.0004
4 X 10-4
2) 1.248 X 10-6
.000001248
3) 6.123 X 10-5
.00006123
4) 0.00000306
3.06 X 10-6
5) 0.000892
8.92 X 10-4
The nucleus of a human cell is about
7 X 10-6 meters in diameter. What is the
length in standard notation?
.000007
A ribosome, another part of a
cell, is about 0.000000003 of a
meter in diameter. Write the
length in scientific notation.
3 X 10-9
Using Scientists must be
Scientific able to use very
Notation in large and very
Multiplication, small numbers in
Division, mathematical
Addition and
calculations. As a
Subtraction
student in this
class, you will have
to be able to
multiply, divide,
add and subtract
numbers that are
written in scientific
notation. Here are
the rules.
Multiplication
When multiplying numbers written in

scientific notation…..multiply the first factors
and add the exponents.
Sample Problem: Multiply (3.2 x 10-3) (2.1 x 105)
Solution: Multiply 3.2 x 2.1. Add the exponents -3 +

5
Answer: 6.7 x 102

Division
Divide the numerator by the denominator.

Subtract the exponent in the denominator
from the exponent in the numerator.
Sample Problem: Divide (6.4 x 106) by (1.7 x 102)
Solution: Divide 6.4 by 1.7. Subtract the exponents 6 -

2
Answer: 3.8 x 104

Addition and Subtraction
To add or subtract numbers written in
scientific notation, you must….express them
with the same power of ten.
Sample Problem: Add (5.8 x 103) and (2.16 x 104)
Solution: Since the two numbers are not expressed as the

same power of ten, one of the numbers will have to be
rewritten in the same power of ten as the other.
5.8 x 103 = .58 x 104 so .58 x 104 + 2.16 x 104 =?
Answer: 2.74 x 10 4

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SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

A QUICK WAY TO WRITE

The coefficient is4.5

The power of 10 or exponent in this example

If a number is less than

When multiplying numbers written in

Sample Problem: Multiply (3.2 x 10-3) (2.1 x 105)

Solution: Multiply 3.2 x 2.1. Add the exponents -3 +

Answer: 6.7 x 102

Divide the numerator by the denominator.

Sample Problem: Divide (6.4 x 106) by (1.7 x 102)

Solution: Divide 6.4 by 1.7. Subtract the exponents 6 -

Answer: 3.8 x 104

Sample Problem: Add (5.8 x 103) and (2.16 x 104)

Solution: Since the two numbers are not expressed as the

5.8 x 103 = .58 x 104 so .58 x 104 + 2.16 x 104 =?

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