School Health Services

School health services
Mr. Kailash Nagar

Assistant Professor
Dinsha Patel College of Nursing
Introduction
 School is a setting that plays an important role in the physical,
emotional, social and mental development of children.
 It is a personal health service and provides an…
…opportunity to help millions of young people to acquire

health supportive knowledge, values, attitudes and behaviour.
 Also influences health behaviour of other children, their families

and community.
 School health services is an economical and powerful means of

raising community health.
 In past 8 decades this service has developed from a narrower

concept of health examination to comprehensive health care and
well being of children throughout school years
History
 1909- Medical examination for school children in Baroda city.
 1946- Bhore committee report on non existence of adequate school

health facilities.
 1953- The Secondary education committee stressed on the need for

regular examination & school feeding programme.
 1960- Constitution of school health committee at vill, state, national

level to assess health and nutrition of schoolchildren.
 FYP –Initiatives for school health feeding programme by many states.
 1963 - The “National School Health Council” has been established to

plan and organize school children’s health care.
Health problem of the school
child
Objectives Of School Health
Services
General objective :
 To provide comprehensive health care to school students in
order to prepare them physically, mentally & socially
Specific objectives :
 Promotion of Positive Health
 Prevention of Diseases
 Early Diagnosis, Treatment & Follow up of defects.
 Awakening Health consciousness in children.
 Provision of Healthful environment.
Aspect of School
Health services
Health appraisal
 Periodic medical examination
 Recommended examination at school entry and
thereafter 4 yearly
 Screening of children includes

 Height and Weight
 Routine examination of blood and urine
 Acuity of vision
 Hearing
 Skin condition
 Intestinal worms
 Medical examination of school personnel

 Daily morning inspection
Remedial measures & follow
up
 Special clinics should be conducted in the health units (PHCs)
for schoolchildren.
 Selected health unit or a school should be arranged for about

5000 children in urban areas
 Results are recorded in the health record card and parents

should be advised regarding remedial action
 Referral hospital must provide for beds for children who are
admitted & provide relevant treatment.
 Prevention of communicable diseases by Immunization is the

most emphasized function of school health services
Healthful school
environment
Cont….
Location
 Away from busy places.
 Keep free from all hazards.
Site
 Suitable highland with proper drainage
 Land area-10 acre for high schools and 5 acre for primary school….
…additional one acre per 100 students
Play ground:
 For a primary school it should be 0.5 to 1 acre.
 For a secondary school it should be 5 to 14 acres.
Infrastructure
 Nursery and secondary school building should be single storied
 Exterior walls about 10 inch thick and heat resistant
Cont…
Class room:
Verandas should be attached to classrooms
Maximum accommodation of 40 student per classroom
Height of the class room about 12 feet
Room soundproof & dustproof and Floor should be smooth
Area not less then 480sq feet
Floor space> 10sq feet / child
Furniture
Preferably single desk and chair should be provided
The seat should take 2/3 rd of the child’s thigh
Desk should be “minus” type with proper back rest
Cont…
Doors and windows
 Combined area should be at least 25% of floor area
 Windows broad and located at 2’6” from floor
 Cross ventilation is a mandate
 Ventilator area at lest 2% of floor area
Colour
 Colour of the wall preferably white
Lighting
 Sufficient natural light, preferably from the left
Cont….
Water supply
 Independent source of safe and potable

water supply
 Continuous and distributed from taps
Eating facilities
 Vendors not approved should not be allowed inside school

premises
 Separate rooms for mid day meal
Toilet facility
 For 100 pupils…..1 pan
 1 urinal for 60 student
 Arrangements should be separately made for boys and girls.
Nutritional services
 School health committee (1961) recommended that school
children should be assured for at least on nutritional meal
 Mid day meal- supplementary but not substitute, operational

since 1961 under Ministry of education, GoI
 Children provided with 1/3rd of calorie and ½ of protein
requirements in school
 Applied nutrition programme with the assistance of UNICEF

advocates developing school gardens
 Measures should be taken to combat nutritional deficiencies

by providing specific nutrients.
First aid & emergency care.
 Teachers should be trained during teacher’s
training programme or “in service” training programme.
 First aid box should be made available.
Mental health
 The teachers should help children in attaining
a positive mental health among the learners.
 Suitably modify learning strategies, incentives.- rest, relaxation
between periods of intense work
 Instituting vocational counsellors and psychologists in schools to
guide children into their careers.
Dental health
 Dental hygienist & dentist are to be employed.

 Provision for dental examination, at least once
a year should be made
 During the dental check up should focus on prophylactic
cleansing & dental hygiene.
Eye health services

 Teachers to be trained to detect…
 reflective errors
 squints and ambylopia
 eye infections….
…….and refer the child for treatment
 Vit A administration should be done in the schools.
Health education
 This should aim at imparting desirable changes among
students it includes…
 Personal hygiene
 Care of skin, hair, teeth nails…etc
 Attention regarding posture
 Environmental health
 Encourage to part in health activities
 Visits to community health programmes and participation
in community action programmes
 Family life
 Education regarding reproductive life should be provided
from the very beginning
Education of handicapped children
 Ultimate goal is to assist the special child and his
family to…
 Achive maximum potential
 To lead a normal life
 To become as independent as possible
 To become a productive and self- supporting member of society
 This is done in a coordinated manner
School health records.

 Cumulative health records providing pertinent information
health supervision tool
 Also serves as tools to evaluate the school health services.
School health administration
 School health in India is under the Department of Health and Education

 School health committee (1961) recommended school health services to
be integral part of general health services
 As general health services is represented by primary health centres,
SHS is essentially an important function of PHC
Primary health centres
 Requires a full-time medical officer to cover 5000-6000 children in a

year
School health committee(1961)
 Recommends formation of SHCs at village, state and national level to

mobilize community resources and make SHP sustainable
 National school health council will be an advisory and coordinating body
Thank you
for taking
care….

School Health Services

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School health services

Mr. Kailash Nagar

…opportunity to help millions of young people to acquire

 Also influences health behaviour of other children, their families

 School health services is an economical and powerful means of

 In past 8 decades this service has developed from a narrower

 1946- Bhore committee report on non existence of adequate school

 1953- The Secondary education committee stressed on the need for

 1960- Constitution of school health committee at vill, state, national

 FYP –Initiatives for school health feeding programme by many states.

 1963 - The “National School Health Council” has been established to

 Screening of children includes

 Medical examination of school personnel

 Selected health unit or a school should be arranged for about

 Results are recorded in the health record card and parents

 Prevention of communicable diseases by Immunization is the

 Independent source of safe and potable

 Vendors not approved should not be allowed inside school

 Mid day meal- supplementary but not substitute, operational

 Applied nutrition programme with the assistance of UNICEF

 Measures should be taken to combat nutritional deficiencies

 Dental hygienist & dentist are to be employed.

Eye health services

School health records.

 School health in India is under the Department of Health and Education

Primary health centres

 Requires a full-time medical officer to cover 5000-6000 children in a

School health committee(1961)

 Recommends formation of SHCs at village, state and national level to

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