Keyboard and Navigation Computer Notes

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS (KEY BOARD NAVIGATION)
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS
KEYBOARD NAVIGATION
Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 1

KEY BOARD NAVIGATION
MOUSE
• A mouse is computer hardware input
pointing device that is rolled about on
a desktop to direct a pointer on a
computer’s display screen.
• It also complements the keyboard as
regards input of data
USES OF A MOUSE
a) It is used to select and move around
items displayed on the screen.
b) It is used to start tasks by positioning
the pointer and selecting items.
c) It is used to create simple graphics.

TYPES OF MICE
Mechanical mouse
• A mechanical mouse has a rubber or
metal ball on its underside.
• When the ball is rolled, it moves
either the vertical (y-axis wheel) or
horizontal roller (x-axis wheel) hence
leading to the motion of the pointer
on the screen.
Mechanical mouse illustration

Optical mouse
• Is a computer mouse which uses a light

emitting diode and a light detector to
detect movement relative to the surface.
• An optical mouse is more
precise/accurate than a mechanical
mouse and does not require cleaning as
does a mechanical mouse, but is more
expensive.
Optical mouse -illustration

CONNECTING A MOUSE TO A COMPUTER

• Many types connect with a cable to the system unit
through a;
(a)Serial port (c) PS/2 port,
(b) USB port
• Other mice are connected by use wireless technology Wireless
mouse
and they are called wireless with its
mouse/ cordless mouse. receiver
• A wireless mouse (or cordless mouse) is a battery-

powered device that transmits data using wireless
technology, such as radio waves or infrared light
waves.
TERMS USED WHILE USING A MOUSE

• Point .It is to move a pointer to a desired spot on
the screen such as over a particular object or
word.
• Click .It is to press and quick release the left
mouse button. A click often selects an item on
screen
• Double click .It is to press and release the left
mouse button twice as quickly as possible.
Double click often opens a document or it starts
a program.
• Drag .It is to press and hold down the left mouse

button while moving the pointer to another
location on the screen.
• Drop .It is to release the mouse button after
dragging. Dragging and dropping makes it easy
to move an item on the screen.
• Right click .It is to press the right mouse bottom
and release which brings up popup menu with
options to chose from.
• Scrolling .Involves rolling the wheel forward or
backward that scrolls up or down a few lines.
ADVANTAGES OF USING A MOUSE
a) A mouse is user friendly for computer

beginners.
b) A mouse is easy and convenient to use with a
graphical user interface.
c) Using a mouse to select items or move to a
particular position on the screen is faster
than using a keyboard.
d) A mouse can be operated by one hand.

DISADVANTAGES OF USING A MOUSE

a) It is not easy and convenient to input text with a
mouse.
b) Issuing commands with a mouse is slower than by
using a keyboard especially to beginners.
c) It needs some practice in order to control a mouse
properly.
d) A mouse is not accurate enough for drawings that
require high precision.
e) A mouse usually requires a flat surface to operate.
f) A mouse needs more desk space to operate when
compared with a trackball or a touchpad.
PROBLEMS THAT AFFECT THE PROPER FUNCTIONING

OF A MOUSE
1)Dirt disrupts motion of ball.

2)Nature of the roll surface.
3)Disconnection of the chord in
case the mouse falls on humps.
TRACKBALL MOUSE
• Is a pointing device consisting of a ball hell by a
socket containing sensors to detect a rotation of
the ball about two axes like an upside-down
mouse with an exposed protruding ball.

HOW TRACKBALL WORKS
• The user rolls the ball to

position the on-screen pointer
using their thumb, fingers or
commonly the palm of the hand
while using the fingertips to
press the mouse button
TOUCH PAD
• A touch pad is a flat rectangular device
that has weak electric fields to sense
the touch as the users moves the finger
tips.
• It used to control the pointer with a
finger. The Cursor follows the
movement of the finger on the pad. You
can click by tapping the pad surface.
TOUCH PAD ILLUSTRATION

POINTING STICK
• A pointing stick is a pressure-sensitive pointing
device shaped like a pencil eraser.
• Because of its small size, the pointing stick is
conveniently positioned between the keys on
the keyboard.
• To move the pointer using a pointing stick, you
push the pointing stick with your finger.
• The pointer on the screen moves in the direction
that you push the pointing stick.
POINTING STICK ILLUSTRATION

LIGHT PEN
• Alight pen is a computer input device in the

form of a light-sensitive wand used in
conjunction with a computer’s CRT
display/monitor
• It allows the user to point to displayed
objects or draw on the screen in a similar
way to a touch screen but with greater
positional accuracy

TOUCH SCREEN
• A touch screen is an electronic visual display
that can detect the presence and location of
a touch within the display area. Touch
screens can also sense other passive objects,
such as a pen.
• Users can interact with these devices by
touching areas of the screen. You touch
words, pictures, numbers, letter, pointers or
special locations identified on the screen.
USES OF A TOUCH SCREEN
a) Touch screens are often used for

information kiosks located in department.
b) Touch screens are also used for ATM
machines to allow easy access of bank
accounts.
c) Touch screens are also used in some places
like stores, hotels, air ports, museums
allow access.
ADVANTAGES OF TOUCH SCREEN
a) No extra peripherals are needed except

the monitor.
b) Touch screen allows easy access to
commands, which are usually identified by
words, symbols or images/icons on the
screen.
c) No computer literacy is required.
d) They are easy to use and can convey
information quickly.
KEYBOARD
• Refers to a Computer hardware input text hard ware

device that is used to type and enter instructions into
a computer.
• It looks like the keyboard of an ordinary typewriter but
with some special keys like:
– The control key (CTRL),
– The Alter key (ALT),
– The Escape key (ESC),
– The Arrow keys, and
– The function keys ranging from F1 to F12 and each
key has its function.
KEYBOARD LAYOUTS
• The arrangement of the English language
keyboard keys was modeled after the
QWERTY type writer keyboard. Its name
was derived from the first six letters at the
top of the keyboard

TYPES OF KEYBOARDS
• 82 key keyboard
• 102 keyboard
• 102/3 enhanced keyboard (the
most commonly used type today)
• 105 keyboard (developed from
102/3 enhanced keyboard)
PARTS OF A KEYBOARD

Functional keys
• These are keys found across the top row of

the keyboard. Each key is composed of
letter F and a number ranging from 1 to
12. Each functional key performs a specific
operation based upon the software being
used.

Numeric keypad
• This is an extra section to the right of the

keyboard. This is laid out like keys on a
calculator.
It has two purposes, when
the num keys is off, The
numeric keys may be used
as arrow keys for cursor
movements and for other
purposes such as; Page up
(pg up), page down (pg
dn), Home, and End
Typing area(Alphanumeric Keypad)
This consists of the letters of alphabets, numbers,

punctuations marks and other basic keys like;
Shift key Tab key - Control key
Caps Lock - Alt key
Num Lock - Backspace key
Enter key - Delete key
etc.
• Most of the typing is done with keypad.
FUNCTIONS OF SOME SELECTED KEYS ON THE KEYBOARD
Backspace Key. Deletes the characters to the

left of the cursor (or insertion point) and moves
the cursor to that position. Or Ctrl+ Backspace
key removes the whole word to the left of the
cursor.
Caps Lock Key. A toggle key that, when
activated, causes all alphabetic characters to be
uppercase. To facilitate continuous typing in
upper case when activated.

Delete Key To deletes a character, space, on the

right of the cursor position. Ctrl+Del removes
the whole word to the right of the cursor
position.
Space bar
– To create space .
– Pausing music in some music programmes
e.g. Power DVD,
– Playing games e.g. in pinball

Shift Key.
• Activates second function of different keys.
• Activates sticky keys
• Modifies function Keys e.g. .Shift + F1 = F13 and Shift +
F2=F14.
Esc Key
• Short for Escape, this key is used to send special codes to
devices and to exit (or escape) from programs and tasks.
Arrow Keys
• Enable you to move the cursor (or insertion point) up,
down, right, or left.
• Used in conjunction with the Shift key to highlight text.
USES OF A KEYBOARD
a) A keyboard is used for a wide range of

tasks such as;
b) Entering data from original paper
documents e.g. entering raw marks in a
computer.
c) Typing letters, memos, reports and other
documents using word processing
software.
d) Used to issue commands e.g. CTRL + S.
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF A KEYBOARD

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
a) Most computers come a) It is easy to make mistakes
with a keyboard supplied when typing in data
b) If you can't touch type, it can
b) People are used to using be time consuming to enter
keyboards to enter data, data
they need very little c) Keyboards are not suitable
training for creating diagrams
c) A skilled typist can enter d) Disabled people often find
data very quickly keyboards difficult to use
e) Excessive use can lead to
d) Specialist keyboards are health problems such as
available e.g. ergonomic, repetitive strain injury (R.S.I.)
gaming keyboards
VOICE RECOGNITION EQUIPMENT/VRE
• Voice recognition is the ability of the computer to

react to someone speaking.
• Voice recognition software will take in the voice
signal being picked up by a microphone and
sound card, and then process it in order to
extract commands. For instance, you can use
your voice to;
• Start programs.
• Open menus and other objects on the screen.
• Dictate text document.
• What you can do with keyboard

and mouse can be done with only
your voice.
• NOTE: Voice recognition
programs don’t actually
understand speech but they only
recognize vocabulary of
reprogrammed words.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VOICE RECOGNITION SYSTEMS

MERITS DEMERITS
a) No typing of data is a) Error rate is still high at the
necessary. moment.
b) The system can be used b) Recognition of words is slow.
by people whose hands c) Words sound the same e.g.
see and sea can‟t be
are occupied or disabled.
distinguished.
c) Voice recognition d) The system is not suitable for
systems are also ideal for use in noisy places.
blind or visually impaired e) The software must be trained
users. to recognize specialists of
d) Dictating text is faster technical words.
than typing. f) Many people find it difficult to
speak in writing style.
SOME SHORTCUT KEYS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
• F1: Universal Help in almost every Windows program.

• Ctrl + A: Select all text.
• Ctrl + X: Cut
• Shift + Del: Cut selected item.
• Ctrl + C: Copy selected item.
• Ctrl + Ins: Copy selected item.
• Ctrl + V: Paste selected item.
• Shift + Ins: Paste.
• Home: Goes to beginning of current line.
• Ctrl + Home: Goes to beginning of document.
• End: Goes to end of current line.

• Ctrl + End: Goes to end of document.
• Ctrl + Left arrow: Moves one word to the left at a time.
• Ctrl + Right arrow: Moves one word to the right at a
time.
• Ctrl + B: Bold highlighted selection
• Ctrl + P: Open the print window.
• Ctrl + F: Open find box.
• Ctrl + I: Italic highlighted selection.
• Ctrl + U: Underline highlighted selection.
• Ctrl + V: Paste.
• Ctrl + Y: Redo the last action performed.

• Ctrl + Z: Undo last action.
• Ctrl + Del: Deletes word to right of cursor.
• Ctrl + Backspace: Deletes word to left of cursor.
• Ctrl + D → Delete the selected item and move it
to the Recycle Bin.
• Ctrl + Esc → Open the Start Menu.
• Ctrl + Shift → Switch the keyboard layout.
• Ctrl + Shift + Esc → Open Task Manager.
• Ctrl + F4 → Close the active window.
• There are so many other short

cut keys endeavor always to learn
more and more
End

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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS (KEY BOARD NAVIGATION)

Write the notes don’t draw the

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 1

KEY BOARD NAVIGATION

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 3

Mechanical mouse illustration

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 5

• Is a computer mouse which uses a light

Optical mouse -illustration

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 7

CONNECTING A MOUSE TO A COMPUTER

• A wireless mouse (or cordless mouse) is a battery-

TERMS USED WHILE USING A MOUSE

• Drag .It is to press and hold down the left mouse

ADVANTAGES OF USING A MOUSE

a) A mouse is user friendly for computer

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 11

DISADVANTAGES OF USING A MOUSE

PROBLEMS THAT AFFECT THE PROPER FUNCTIONING

1)Dirt disrupts motion of ball.

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 14

HOW TRACKBALL WORKS

• The user rolls the ball to

TOUCH PAD ILLUSTRATION

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 17

POINTING STICK ILLUSTRATION

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 19

• Alight pen is a computer input device in the

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 20

USES OF A TOUCH SCREEN

a) Touch screens are often used for

ADVANTAGES OF TOUCH SCREEN

a) No extra peripherals are needed except

• Refers to a Computer hardware input text hard ware

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 25

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 27

• These are keys found across the top row of

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 28

• This is an extra section to the right of the

Typing area(Alphanumeric Keypad)

This consists of the letters of alphabets, numbers,

FUNCTIONS OF SOME SELECTED KEYS ON THE KEYBOARD

Backspace Key. Deletes the characters to the

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 31

Delete Key To deletes a character, space, on the

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 32

a) A keyboard is used for a wide range of

ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF A KEYBOARD

VOICE RECOGNITION EQUIPMENT/VRE

• Voice recognition is the ability of the computer to

• What you can do with keyboard

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VOICE RECOGNITION SYSTEMS

• F1: Universal Help in almost every Windows program.

• End: Goes to end of current line.

• Ctrl + Y: Redo the last action performed.

• There are so many other short

Friday, September 6, 2024 Bright Boma Institute Department of ICT 42

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