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Trigonometry
and its application Why we like trigonomet ry Hipparchus and Trigonometry • The use of trigonometric functions arises from the early connection between mathematics and astronomy. Trigonometry simplifies the mathematics of triangles, making astronomy calculations easier. Trigonometry was probably invented by Hipparchus, who compiled a table of the chords of angles and made them available to other scholars. Chords are closely related to sines . • Most of the early advancements in trigonometry were in spherical trigonometry mostly because of its application to astronomy. The three main figures that we know of in the development of Greek trigonometry are Hipparchus, Menelaus, and Ptolomy. There were likely other contributors but over time their works have been loss and their names have been forgotten . • Hipparchus, in the middle of the first century BC, was the first person known to have treated trigonometry as an applied science . Who was Hipparchus • Hipparchus, also spelled Hipparchos, Greek astronomer and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the advancement of astronomy as a mathematical science and to the foundations of trigonometry . (unfortunately there wasn’t any text related to his biography , so this much only we wasn’t gather ) Clinometer
• A clinometer is a fairly simple instrument which is
used to measure the angle of a slope. By using the principles of trigonometry, the height of tall objects can be calculated from the angles measured. A clinometer can easily be made from a large protractor. • The clinometer was invented by William Abney before 1880, it consisted of a small telescope, a semicircle divided into degree and a bubble tube . • A clinometer can be used to measure heights of trees, poles, towers, and buildings, or to measure slopes for preliminary surveying, grade work and site drainage. Two triangle question • In the constellation aquila , a line is drawn from the star A perpendicular to the line formed by the stars D and B . the distance between the stars A and B is 40 light years and the angle formed at star A is 60 degree and angle at star C is 90 degrees . Find the distance between stars E and B if the star E bisects the angle A . answer The distance between stars E and B are 103 light years or 17.3 light years One triangle question • In India a person had to travel to reach the three sessions of Congress, one in Kolkata, then in Nagpur and finally in Madras(now Chennai). He started from Kolkata to reach Nagpur after 970 km of travel (assume that it’s a straight line). Then he had to turn 90 degrees and move from Nagpur to Madras. From Chennai he turns 60 degrees and moves in a straight line (assume that he could walk on water) to reach Kolkata. Calculate distance between Nagpur and Chennai, and Chennai and Kolkata. • Chennai to Kolkata = 1121.38 km, Nagpur to Chennai = 560.69 km
