The Design Process

Bachelor of Architecture Programme
Department of Architecture
CECOS University of I.T. & Emerging Sciences Peshawar
ARCHITECT
THE PROJECT
ARCHITECTURAL TEAM
Sr. ARCHITECT (S)
Jr. ARCHITECT (S)
INTERIOR DESIGNER
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT
CAD SECTION INCHARGE
3DANIMATION EXPERTS
PROJECT MANAGMENT TEAM
Sr. PROJECT MANAGER
RESIDENT ENGINEER
CONSTRUCTION MANAGER (S)
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGER
SITE SUPERVISORS
THE CONTRACTING TEAM
MAIN CONTRACTOR
SUB- CONTRACTORS
SUPPLY CHAIN
CONTRACTORS
PRE DESIGN
SCHEMATIC
DESIGN 1
POST
6 OCCUPANCY
EVALUATION DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT 2
5 PROJECT BIDDING
MANAGEMENT CONTRACTING 3
CONSTRUCTIO
N
DOCCUMENT
4
The Client’s Brief
An architectural Client’s brief is a statement

of the client's requirements, which form the
basis for appointing an architect.
The brief describes the requirements that

need to be reconciled and accommodated.
A Client’s brief is a written document that

might be anything from a single page to a
multiple volume set of documents.
Agreement on the Scope of Work
(SOW)
Agreement is a formal document signed
between the Client and the Architect.
•Agreement covers
•The scope of work
•Deliverables
•Mode of payment
•Services to be provided by the
architect
•Responsibilities of the client
•Responsibilities of the architect
PRE-DESIGN PHASE
1. Project Requirements
2. Site Visit/Analysis
3. Understanding local Codes and Building
Bye- laws
4. Soil Investigation
5. Geo-Tech/ Topographic Survey
6. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
7. Identification of the Design Team
SITE ANALYSIS & DATA COLLECTION
Site analysis is a preliminary phase of

architectural design processes dedicated to the
study of the climatic, geographical, historical,
legal, and infrastructural context of a specific
site.
The result of this analytic process is a summary,

usually a graphical sketch, which sets in relation
the relevant environmental information with the
morphology of the site in terms of local context,
topography, and built environment.
This observations from site analysis are used as a

starting point for the development of
environment-related strategies during the design
SCHEMATICS
•Transfer ideas and visions into reality.
•The process begins by developing

preliminary design ideas through sketches.
•When the client approves the schematic

designs, the designer then moves to design
development.
Schematic Design
•Analyze gathered information

•Creating design options for preliminary
discussion.
•Presentation of conceived options in the
form of sketches,
•Working out approximate cost estimate
for each option.
•Client’s review and inputs.
•Refining the design during the design
development phase.
DESIGN FREEZE/ ACQUIRING CLIENT’S
APPROVAL
The design freeze phase include;
•Involving the entire project team to

acquire their feedback.
•Submission of most advantageous design

proposal to the Client’s for approval.
•Acquiring the signature of Client on the

approved design.
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
A. Develop and modify the schematic design
B. Initiate structural system design
C. Initiate mechanical system design
D. Determine suitable finishing materials
E. Draft plans, sections and elevations as

required to explain the design for your review and
input.
F. Review budget
G. Modify design development documents

Design Development
1.Presentation of design development to Client

2.Review of project cost estimate with Client
3.Owner review and input
4.Design finalized
DESIGN APPROVAL
DESIGN APPROVAL BY REGULATORY
AUTHORITY
•Acquiring the latest building Bye-laws &

regulations of concerned approving
authority.
•Incorporating local bye-laws in the

project.
•Submitting correct modules/ numbers of

drawings to the approving authority for
approval.
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS
1. Working drawings and
specifications production
2. Bill of Quantities (BOQ)
3. Clients review & Approval
• Prepare construction document of the design
suitable for competitive bidding and building
department submittal.
• Specify all Civil works.
• Specify all electrical fixtures.
• Specify all plumbing fixtures.
• Specify all interior and exterior finishes.
• Incorporate engineer’s structural design and draft

structural design.
• Incorporate mechanical / HVAC design, if

required.
BIDDING PHASE
1. Competitive bidding
2. Bid evaluation
3. Contract awarded
Bidding and Negotiation
1. During the bidding and negotiation phase, the architect
may assist the client in obtaining the most competitive bids
evaluations, as well as invitations to bid, and instructions to
bidders.
2. The architect creates and specifies the conditions of the

contract, and the form of agreement between the owner
and the contractor and furthermore.
3. The architect prepares and distributes sets of drawings and

specifications, answers contractor questions, interprets the
documents, and prepares revisions to the original drawings
or specifications.
4. Once the bids are received, the architect analyzes the

results and prepares the contract between the Client and
the selected contractor.
CONTRACT DOCUMENTS/ BIDDING
Available on Pakistan Engineering Council

(PEC) website.
SUMMARY OF CONTENTS
1.INVITATION FOR BIDS
2.INSTRUCTIONS TO BIDDERS & BIDDING DATA
3.FORM OF BID & SCHEDULES TO BID
4.CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT & CONTRACT DATA
5.STANDARD FORMS
6.SPECIFICATIONS
7.DRAWINGS
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
1.Construction begins
with on-site
construction
supervision.
2.Substantial
completion
1. Administering work progress during the construction,
forwarding instructions to the contractor.
2. Making site visits to view quality and progress of the work.
3. Interpreting the requirements of the construction

documents.
4. Rejecting work not in conformance with the construction

documents.
5. Review contractors’ submittals such as Shop Drawings and

Project Data for conformity with the design concept.
6. Preparing change orders.
7. Conducting inspections to determine the dates of

substantial completion and issue a final certificate of
payment.
PREPARATION OF “AS-BUILT
DRAWINGS”
1. Owner occupancy
2. One-year building review by Architect

Presentation by;
Ar. Marwat Khan

Associate Professor
Department of Architecture
CECOS University of I.T. & Emerging Sciences
Peshawar KPK

The Design Process

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Bachelor of Architecture Programme

Sr. ARCHITECT (S)

Jr. ARCHITECT (S)

CAD SECTION INCHARGE

Sr. PROJECT MANAGER

CONSTRUCTION MANAGER (S)

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGER

An architectural Client’s brief is a statement

The brief describes the requirements that

A Client’s brief is a written document that

Site analysis is a preliminary phase of

The result of this analytic process is a summary,

This observations from site analysis are used as a

•Transfer ideas and visions into reality.

•The process begins by developing

•When the client approves the schematic

•Analyze gathered information

The design freeze phase include;

•Involving the entire project team to

•Submission of most advantageous design

•Acquiring the signature of Client on the

B. Initiate structural system design

C. Initiate mechanical system design

D. Determine suitable finishing materials

E. Draft plans, sections and elevations as

G. Modify design development documents

1.Presentation of design development to Client

•Acquiring the latest building Bye-laws &

•Incorporating local bye-laws in the

•Submitting correct modules/ numbers of

• Specify all Civil works.

• Specify all electrical fixtures.

• Specify all plumbing fixtures.

• Specify all interior and exterior finishes.

• Incorporate engineer’s structural design and draft

• Incorporate mechanical / HVAC design, if

2. The architect creates and specifies the conditions of the

3. The architect prepares and distributes sets of drawings and

4. Once the bids are received, the architect analyzes the

Available on Pakistan Engineering Council

2. Making site visits to view quality and progress of the work.

3. Interpreting the requirements of the construction

4. Rejecting work not in conformance with the construction

5. Review contractors’ submittals such as Shop Drawings and

6. Preparing change orders.

7. Conducting inspections to determine the dates of

2. One-year building review by Architect

Ar. Marwat Khan

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