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Query Processing in Database Management System

DBMS

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adityachute358
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12 views

Query Processing in Database Management System

DBMS

Uploaded by

adityachute358
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Query Processing in

Database
Management System

Query processing is a crucial component of database management


systems, responsible for efficiently executing queries made by users or
applications. This presentation will explore the key concepts and
techniques involved in optimizing query performance for optimal
database operations.
by Aditya Chute
Introduction to Query
Processing
Definition Importance
Query processing refers to Efficient query processing is
the series of steps taken by a vital for ensuring fast and
DBMS to execute a user or reliable database
application-generated query performance, especially in
and return the desired high-load and real-time
results. applications.

Key Aspects Challenges


Query parsing, optimization, Handling complex queries,
planning, and execution are large data volumes, and
all crucial stages of the query maintaining low latency are
processing pipeline. some of the key challenges in
query processing.
Query Optimization Techniques
Cost-Based Optimization Hybrid Optimization
The query optimizer evaluates the cost of different execution A combination of cost-based and rule-based techniques is used
plans and selects the most efficient one. to leverage the strengths of both approaches.

1 2 3

Rule-Based Optimization
Predefined rules are applied to transform the query into an
optimized form based on heuristics.
Indexing and Its Role in Query Processing

Index Structures Index Selection Index Maintenance

Common index structures The database administrator must Indexes must be regularly
include B-trees, hash tables, and carefully choose which indexes updated to reflect changes in the
R-trees, each optimized for to create based on the workload underlying data, ensuring
different query types. and query patterns. optimal query performance.
Access Methods for Query
Processing

Table Scans Index Lookups


Sequential scans of entire Direct access to data using
tables, suitable for queries with index structures, optimal for
low selectivity. highly selective queries.

Merge Joins Hash-Based Access


Efficient combination of Fast in-memory lookup using
multiple indexes to execute hash tables, suitable for
complex join operations. equality-based queries.
Join Algorithms in Query
Processing
Nested Loop Join
A simple but inefficient algorithm that compares each
row from one table to every row in another.

Hash Join
Uses a hash table to efficiently match rows from two
tables based on the join condition.

Sort-Merge Join
Sorts the input tables and then merges them based on
the join condition.
Query Execution
Strategies

1 Pipelining 2 Partitioning
Executes operators in a Divides data into
query plan smaller chunks that can
concurrently, be processed in parallel
minimizing for improved
intermediate result throughput.
storage.
Adaptive Execution
3
Dynamically adjusts the query plan based on runtime
statistics to optimize performance.
Conclusion and Future Trends
As data volumes continue to grow, advancements in query processing techniques, such as the integration of
machine learning and cloud-based elastic computing, will be crucial for maintaining high-performance
database systems. The future of query processing will focus on real-time, scalable, and intelligent data
management solutions.

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