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Coal and Petroleum

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54 views16 pages

Coal and Petroleum

Uploaded by

sarthakbhardwaj957
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COAL AND

PETROLEUM
C L A S S -V I I I ‘ B ’
TYPES OF NATURAL RESOURCES
INEXHAUSTABLE NATURAL EXHAUSTABLE NATURAL
RESOURCES RESOURCE
• These resources are present These resources are present in
in unlimited quantity nature limited quantity which can be
and are not likely to be exhausted by the human
exhausted by human activities.
activities .
• E.g.- sun, air etc. E.g.- coal, forests, wildlife etc.
COAL
• Coal is one of the fuels used to cook food .
Earlier , it was used in railway engines to produce
steam to run the engine . It is also used in
thermal power plants to produce electricity, it is
also used as a fuel in various industries.
STORY OF COAL
• About 300 million years ago the earth had dense
forests in low lying wetland areas. Due to the natural
processes, like flooding , earth quakes. These forests
got buried under soil . As more soil deposited to
them , they compressed the temperature also rose as
they sank deeper and deeper . Under high pressure
and temperature, dead plants got slowly converted to
coal, as coal contains mainly carbon, the slow
process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is
called carbonisation.it is also known as fossil fuel .
After this coal is processed in industries to get some
useful products such as coke , coal tar , coal gas etc.
THE WHOLE STORY OF COAL IN ONE PICTURE .
S T O RY O F C O A L
COKE
It is a tough , thick ,
porous , black
substance . It is an
almost pure form of
carbon . It is used for
manufacturing of steel
and in many metals .
COAL
TAR
It is black , thick liquid
with unpleasant smell . It
is mixture of about 200
substances . Products
obtained from this are
used in manufacturing of
dyes, drugs, perfumes,
paints, plastic.
COAL
GAS
Coal gas is obtained
during the processing
of coal to get coke.
It is used as a fuel in
many industries
situated near the coal
processing plants.
PETROLEUM
• Petrol and diesel are obtained from a natural
resource called petroleum .The word petroleum is
derived from Petra [rock] and ileum [oil] as it is
mined from between the rocks under earth.
• Petroleum was formed from organisms living in
the sea . As these organisms died ,their bodies
settled at the bottom of the sea and got covered
with layers of sand and clay . Over millions of
years, absence of air ,high temperature and high
pressure transformed the dead organisms into
petroleum and natural gas.
REFINING OF
PETROLEUM
Petroleum is a dark oily
liquid . It has an
unpleasant odor. It is a
mixture of various
constituents such as
petroleum
gas ,petrol ,diesel,
lubricating oil, paraffin
wax ,etc.
NATURAL
GAS
Natural gas is a very
important fossil fuel
because it is easy to
transport through
pipes .natural gas is
stored under high
pressure as compressed
natural gas [CNG].
WHAT ARE
FOSSIL FUEL
Some exhaustible
natural resource like
coal , petroleum ,and
natural gas. these were
formed from the dead
remains of living
organisma.so , these are
all known as fossil fuel.
SOME NATURAL RESOURCES ARE
LIMITED
• You know that coal and petroleum are fossil fuels
it required the dead organisms millions of years
to get converted into these fuels on the other
hand , the known results of these will last only a
few hundred years , moreover burning of these
fuels are the major cause of air pollution . Their
use is also linked to global warming . It is
therefore necessary that we use these fuels only
when absolutely necessary . Tis will result in
better environment , smaller risk of global
warming and their availability for a longer period
of time .
HOW TO SAVE PETROL/DIESEL WHILE
DRIVING
• In India , the petroleum conservation research
association (PCRA) advises people how to save
petrol and diesel while driving , there are some
tips:
• (1) drive at a constant and moderate speed as far
as possible.
• (2) switch off the engine at traffic light or at place
where you have to wait .
• (3) ensure correct tire pressure .
• (4) ensure regular maintenance of the vehicle .
PETROLEUM CONSERVATION RESEARCH
ASSOCIATION
SAUMYA
BHARDWAJ
CLASS – VIII B
ROLL NO – 34
SCHOOL – PM SHRI
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA
NO 1 AMRITSAR CANTT

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