Noyatra vaazhve kuraivatra selvam

无病的生活就是财富
Wú bìng de shēnghuó jiùshì cáifù
Human
Health
Nimaalan Devaga
Jacob Ebbynessar
Adhavan a/l Patm
 What is disease

Any harmful deviation from an

organism's normal structural or
functional state is generally
associated with certain signs and
symptoms differing from physical
injury. There are 2 types of diseases
 Infectious Non-infectious
diseases diseases

A disease that can be A disease that can’t be

transmitted from one Definition transmitted from one
individual to another individual to another

Infection of pathogens directly

Cause Genetic factors or lifestyle
through medium and vector

After being infected, the victim

or the host will show Rarely shows symptoms
symptoms such as cough, Symptoms
fever, flu etc.
Infectiou
s
diseases
 Infection of
Waterbor
disease
ne through
diseases vectors

Infection
Airborn of
e diseases
disease through
Types of Airborne diseases
Droplet Transmission Dust Transmission

What is Droplet Transmission What is Dust Transmission

Pathogen containing droplet sprays Bacteria in the spit(saliva) of an

from the mouth and nose of an infected person dry up and form
infected person through sneezing, spores which are spread together with
coughing, talking, yawning or the dust in the air
breathing

A video of the bacteria in dust through microscope

 Example of diseases:
• Tuberculosis
Cover the • Flu
mouth and • Severe Acute Respiratory
Do not spit nose when Syndrome (SARS)
everywhere sneezing
and • Influenza A (H1N1)
coughing • Chickenpox
• Covid-19
Ways to Ensure your
prevent place get
airborn Avoid enough
being in a sunlight,
e because UV
crowded rays can kill
disease
place certain
s microorganism
s
Waterborne diseases
Happens Area of inadequate(not good enough) water
where? supply
Poor sanitation
Floods
Example When someone uses a toilet built over a
river
Faecal pathogens enter the river and
pollute the river Example of diseases:
A person infected by pathogens when he
• Cholera
drinks the contaminated water • Typhoid
Ways to Add chlorine into swimming pools • Amoebic dysentery
prevent KN0W Build toilets with good sanitation
waterborne ITBoil Drinking water properly
Developed countries such as the US and Malaysia have few problems with waterborne diseases.
Wash hands
However, developing with
countries such soap
as Nigeria haveafter usingwith
some difficulties the toiletdiseases. So, the
waterborne
diseases famous entrepreneur, Bill Gates Foundation. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has been building
some toilets to produce energy and clean drinkable water from the human faecas.
fection of disease through contact

Caused by FUNGI
Accidentally touching the infected skin or
wearing the clothes of an infected person will
cause infection to occur Example of diseases:
• Ringworm
• Tinea
• Syphilis
• Gonorrhoea
fection of disease through vector

als that transmit pathogens from are called vect

Vector Pathogen
Cockroach, Fly Salmonella Typhi
Aedes Mosquito Zika virus, Dengue
virus
Anopheles Mosquito Plasmodium
malariae
Rat Leptospira
 MOSQUITO A healthy
mosquito bites
an unhealthy
person

Then, when the mosquito

Then, the mosquito sucks the blood of a sucks the blood of the
healthy person. When they bite us they unhealthy person it also
stab 6 needles. We won’t feel them sucks the pathogens.
because one of the needles injects saliva
to stop the blood clot and inside the The pathogens will be
saliva, there is anopheline, which has the
pathogens it stored when it bit the
stored
Source: in its saliva and a
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/SVMlCHXn9Tg
 FLY A fly lands on dirt and
gets pathogens from
there

The fly then

Then, when someone lands on food
eats that contaminated which will also
burger they will get transmit the
sick. pathogens.
 The Mechanism to Prevent
• Improving health the Spread of
• Strengthening the body’s Infectious Diseases
defence system Primary stage
• Frequent health check-ups
• Maintaining a healthy • Determining
lifestyle transmission of
infections through active
Secondary stage and
passive case detection
• Controlling vector populations • Giving early treatment
• Destroying vector breeding and to patients
hiding places • Separating patients
• Fogging to kill vectors from others
• Enforcing laws by issuing compounds
to owners of dirty food
premises Tertiary stage
• Protecting hosts
• Using mosquito nets or mosquito
coils
• Wearing thick clothes
 EXAMPLES

Infectious
diseases
Name of Scientific Way the Type of Symptom The count The way
the name of disease the s of the of people to
disease the spread disease disease to get overcom
disease this e the
disease diseases

SARS- When Airborne Fever 8.86% o Stay

home if
Covid- CoV-2 an disease
(Droplet
or
chills.
(704,753
,890)
you are
19 infecte sick.
transmis Cough. -According o Mask up
d sion) Shortn to 2022 by properly.
person ess of WHO o Avoid
breath breath crowded
places
es out or and
droplet difficult unneces
y sary
s and travel.
breathi
very ng. o Improve
small Fatigue
ventilati
on or
Name of Scientific Way the Type of Symptom The The way
the name of disease the s of the count of to
disease the spread disease disease people to overcome
disease get this the
disease diseases

Mycobact Through Airbor a cough

25% o Isoniazid
erium that INH (iso-
Tubercu the air ne
losis
tuberculo
when a
lasts
more
(2 nicotinic
acid
sis diseas billio
person than 3 hydrazid
e weeks e)means
with feeling n) antibact
untreat (Dropl
et
tired or
exhaust
- erial
drug in
ed
Tubercu transm ed. Accord combina
a high tion with
losis ission) tempera
ing to three
disease ture or 2022 other
night drugs—
of the sweats. by rifampin
Name of Scientifi Way the Type of Symptom The The way
the c name disease the s of the count of to
disease of the spread disease disease people to overcome
disease get this the
disease diseases

Mosqui Infectio fever 0.03% o Use an

Chik CHIK n joint EPA-
toes, (2 registere
ung- V most through pain
headac millio
d insect
vectors repellent
unya comm he
muscle
n) .
o Wear
only pain - long-
Aedes Vector- joint Accordi sleeved
aegy- Aedes swellin ng to shirts
and long
g rash 2022
pti and Mosquit pants.
o by o Treat
Aedes (Usually,
Pathog symptom WHO
clothing
albopi and gear
Name of Scientific Way Type of Symptom The The way
the name of the the s of the count of to
disease the disease disease disease people to overcom
disease spread get this e the
disease diseases

Diphthe Coryneb Caught Airbor A thick, Got very oDTaP

by grey less since
ria acteri- ne
(Respira um coming membr 1920s vacc
into diseas ane because
ina-
tory diphtheri contact coverin WHO has
e
disease ae with
g the been tion
) droplet (Dropl throat giving
and vaccinatio
s from et tonsils. n to child
the transm A sore since
respirat throat 1920s.
ory ission) and
tract of hoarsen Still got in
an ess. some
 B
O
D
Y

S
T
R
U
C
T
U
R
E
Nucliec acid
O
Spikes to attach
F

V
I
R
U
S
Non-infectious
diseases
Name of Scientific Way the Type of Symptom The The way
the name of disease the s of the count of to
disease the comes to disease disease people prevent
disease our body to get the
this diseases
disease
Obesit -
Not -
Highe 14.28 o Eat a
y r BMI. % balan
enoug ced
h of Diffic (1
diet
ulity billio o Exerci
exerci
to n) se
se climb - well
and stairs Accordi o Not
eating and ng to eating
unhea walk 2022 junk
by food
Name of Scientific Way the Type of Symptom The The way
the name of disease the s of the count of to
disease the comes to diseas disease people to prevent
disease our body e get this the
disease diseases

Diabete Diabe Sugar - • Feeling 0.3% o Lose

more (22 extra
s builds up
tes in the
thirsty
than
million) weight
o Be more
-According
mellit bloodstr usual.
• Urinating to 2022 by
physicall
y active.
eam. often. WHO
us This is • Losing
o Eat
healthy
weight plant
because without
foods.
the trying.
o Eat
• Feeling
pancreas tired and
healthy
doesn't weak. fats.
o Skip fad
produce • Feeling
diets
Name of Scientific Way Type of Symptom The The way
the name of the the s of the count of to
disease the disease disease disease disease people to prevent
comes get this the
to our disease diseases
body
Cancer Malignan When - • Fatigue. 0.7% o Maintai
cells • Lump or (53.5 na
t tumor area of
divide thickenin
million) healthy
uncontr g that -According weight.
ollably can be to 2022 by o Exercis
and felt WHO e
spread under regularl
the skin.
into • Weight y.
surroun changes, o Don't
ding including smoke
tissues unintend or use
ed loss smokel
or gain.
• Changes ess
Name of Scientific Way the Type of Symptom The The way
the name of disease the s of the count of to prevent
disease the comes disease disease people the
disease to our to get diseases
body this
disease
Asthma Status Allergie - • Shortne 0.30% o Identify
s – such ss of (262 asthma
asthma as breath. million triggers.
ticus pollen, • Chest ) o Stay
dust tightne - away
mites or ss or According from
animals pain. to 2022 allergen
by WHO
. • Wheezi s.
Smoke, ng o Avoid
KN0W fumes when smoke
IT and exhalin of any
Nearly 74% of the deaths in the world are by Non-Infectious
diseases
pollutio g, type.
n. which o Prevent
DATA
ANALYSIS
 CONTENTS
I. Identify the 5 most common diseases
II. Pie chart of the 5 most common diseases
III.Classifying the 5 most common diseases
IV.Hypothesis for the incidence rate of the 5 most
common diseases
V. Prediction for the next year’s disease incidence
rate
VI.Prediction for what would happen if the
incidence rate goes in the way
Pie Chart of the Diseases
6937.5

458.1
202.9
77.76
43.77
88.07
Covid 19 HFMD Dengue Fever Tuberculosis Food Poisoning Other diseases
 Classifying the 5 most
common diseases
Name of the Type of the disease The way the
disease disease spread
Covid 19 Infectious disease Airborne disease
(Droplet
Transmission)
HFMD Infectious disease Through contact
Dengue fever Infectious disease Through vector
Tuberculosis Infectious disease Airborne disease
(Droplet
Transmission)
Food Poisoning Non-infectious Through eating
disease contaminated food
Infectious disease Through vector such
Hypothesis for the TOP 5 DISEASES

Covid
88.8%
19
• Since this report was taken during the end of the Covid 19 pandemic,
which was early 2022, the incidence rate of Covid 19 is high.

HFMD 5.8%
• A study at the Concordia University shows that our emotion level will
be very high when we meet our close friends after a long time, which
will make us forget about everything else. So, because of that,
especially with the reopening of schools and daycare, there could
have been a surge in HFMD cases as children, who are the primary
carriers of the HFMD, came into closer contact.
Dengu
e
fever 2.5%
• Since it was during Covid 19 pandemic,
the vector population control activity has
been disrupted due to no one is allowed
come out of their own houses.
• Since a lot of us has been spending our
time inside of our home there could be
increase in it’s vector, aedes mosquito’s
habitat.
Tuberculosis 0.9%
• Because of the stress of Covid 19, Tuberculosis increases
because stress could also decrease our immune.

Food
Poisoning 0.5%
• Disruptions in the food supply chain, including shortages of
certain foods or ingredients, could lead to substitutions or use
of alternative suppliers with varying levels of food safety
standards. Inadequate storage, handling, or transportation of
food products during these disruptions could increase the risk
of contamination and foodborne illness.
 Diff erence between this year’s incidence rate and next year’s incidence rate

92.47
Prediction for next year’s disease incidence
Other disease
88.07
rate Incidence Next Year
Disease Rate Rate 5%
45.96
Food poisoning
43.77 Covid 19 6937 7283.85 1%
81.65
HFMD 458.1 481.005 0.20%
Tuberculosis
77.76 Dengue 0.5%
fever 202.9 213.045
213.05
Tubercul 0.5%
Dengue Fever
202.9
osis 77.76 81.648 0.8%
481.005 Food
https://vizly.fyi/app?path=b73c093d-cae3-446f-b620-f7e673400616
HFMD
458.1
poisonin
g 43.77 45.9585
7283.85
Covid 19 Other 6937
disease 88.07 92.4735
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
Prediction for next year's incidence rate This year's incidence rate
Can you predict if
these disease rate
continue like this?

Stress in the
healthcare
Social
Decrease
system in the
disruption
economy
Increased
 SUGGESTIONS TO SOLVE THIS
PROBLEM

Handle & Avoid Clean

Get
Prepare
Wash
touching Stay
and
vacci
Food hands
wild home
disinfect
nated
Safely animals if you
commonl
often
(They y used
(Food
may
are
surfaces
can
At last, We should take care
of our health. Because it is
vital for our body, country,
and even the world. So,
Please take care of your
health, a gem we got from
god.
THANK YOU
 QUESTION AND
ANSWER TIME
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