M16 Rifle 1

WHAT IS A RIFLE?????
The rifle is the principal individual weapons of

a squad. Its light weight, range and ease to
operate. Make it well adapted for use in all type
of Infantry combat.
FOUR RULES OF GUN SAFETY
1. Never let the muzzle of your gun point at

anything, you do not intend to shoot or
destroy.
2. Consider every gun is loaded.
3. Keep your finger off the trigger until you
are ready to fire.
4. Be sure of your target and what is around
it.
“Take the
Intro to LEAD,
M16A1 Soar as ONE”
5.56 mm RIFLE
Prepared by: A2C Romnick C Esolana PAF

SCOPE OF PRESENTATION
 DESIRED LEARNING AND OUTCOMES
 BRIEF HISTORY
 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
 EQUIPMENT DATA
 THREE MAIN PARTS
 DIFFERENT PARTS OF M16
 EIGHT CYCLE OF OPERATIONS
 ASSEMBLY & DISASSEMBLY
 TYPES OF MALFUNCTION AND STOPPAGE/
CAUSES AND REMEDY
DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES
TO ENHANCE THE STUDENTS THE BASIC

KNOWLEDGE OF:
1. Always observe the SAFETY regulations when
handling of weapons and ammunition.
2. History of M16 A1 Rifle
3. Description and data of the equipment
4. Parts of equipment
5. Eight Cycle Of Operations(How does M16 A1 Rifle
works )
6. How to Disassemble and Assemble
7. Types of Malfunction and stoppage
HISTORY
The M-16 was first developed in 1956 by Eugene Stoner, "a

prolific and talented inventor of small arms." It was originally named
the AR15, and came to be known as the M16 later on, with the name
AR15 reserved for the semi-automatic version of the rifle.
Eugene Stoner according to his obituary says he was born in

Gasport, Indiana, in 1922, and educated in Long Beach, California.
HISTORY
A short time after WWII, the U.S. army established a
program to evaluate weapons systems in the modern (atomic)
battle field. Based on battle field statistics from WWI, WWII
and Korea, showing most kills from small arms occurring at
less than 300 yards, it was determined that the military should
seriously consider lighter weight, higher capacity weapons.
Since there was no suitable cartridge for a smaller
caliber assault rifle at the time, Eugene Stoner while working
for Armalite Corporation approached Winchester corporation
and the small but powerful .223 Rifle Cartridge was born. The
cartridge was fast, light weight, low recoil, yet could penetrate a
helmet per army specifications. Since the design of the rifle
caused hot gases from the barrel to get into the bolt area of the
gun, Stoner specified the ammo to use new cleaner burning
powders to minimize fouling of the weapon. Colt bought the
rights to make the AR15 rifle from Armalite corporation.
HISTORY
The AR15/M16 was introduced during the Vietnam War
era in 1960’s as a replacement of the m14 rifle because of its
smaller and lighter weapon as well as small and high velocity
ammunition, significantly decreasing combat load.
The current version of the AR15/M16 has a heavier barrel
and match grade accuracy. In use all over the world, it is a
testament to the talent of Eugene Stoner, that the AR15/M16
remains in use to this day, the longest service life of any rifle in
U.S. History. And become the standard issue shoulder weapon of
the US Army, and about eight million units of Colt produced were
sold since inception. And it is still one of the most popular
weapons in the entire world. Civilians, Military, Police,
Government agencies, and other organization use this equipment
on a regular basis and it is a standard by which many other
assault rifles are measured and its has been a mainstay of the
U.S. military ever since, and gradually replaced the M14 in U.S.
service through the 1960’s.
M16 Family
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
a. The M16/M16A1 rifle is lightweight, air cooled, gas

operated, magazine fed, and shoulder fired weapon.
b. The rifle may be fired with selector lever in the

automatic or semiautomatic position.
c. It also provides personnel an offensive/defensive

capability to engage targets in the field.
EQUIPMENT DATA
Weight:
Rifle w/out magazine & Sling - 6.35 lbs
Empty Magazine (short) - .25 lbs
Loaded Magazine (short) -1.01 lbs
Rifle w/ sling & Loaded magazine -7.76 lbs
Sling - .40 lbs
Length:
Rifle w/ Flash Suppressor - 39 inches
Barrel - 20 inches
Barrel w/ Flash Suppressor - 21 inches
EQUIPMENT DATA
Maximum Rate of Fire:

Semi-automatic - 45-65 rds/min
Automatic - 150-200 rds/min
Sustained Rate of Fire - 12-15 rds/min
Maximum Range - 2,653 meters
Maximum Effective Range - 460 meters
AMMUNITION
Caliber - 5.56 mm
Type: Ball, Blank, Tracer
BALL TRACER
M193 M196
TYPE OF MAGAZINE
Short Magazine
20 rds
Long Magazine
30 rds
THREE MAIN PARTS
Upper Receiver
Group
Lower Receiver
Group
Bolt Assembly/
Bolt Mechanism
PARTS OF THE UPPER RECEIVER GROUP
Front Flush
Sight Supressor
Barrel
Slip
Ring
Upper
Sling Bayonet
Swivel Stud
Hand
Grip
Rear
Sight
Windage
knob Carrying
Handle
Ejector
Port
Dust
Cover
Gas
Tube
Chamber
Forward
Assist
Assembly
Charging
Handle
PARTS OF THE BOLT ASSEMBLY
Bolt
Carrier
Bolt
Bolt Cam
Pin
Firing Pin
Firing Pin
Retaining Pin
PARTS OF THE LOWER RECIECER GROUP
Pivot Pin
Takedown
Pin
Buffer
Buffer
Spring
Hummer
Magazine
Release
Button
Magazine
Port
Bolt
Catch
Trigger
Trigger
Guard
Pistol
Grip
Selector
Lever/Level
Stock/Butt
Lower
Sling
Swivel
EIGHT CYCLE OF OPERATION
1. Firing – Hammer strikes primer of a ammunition it to

explode.
2. Unlocking – Bolts rotates clockwise and disengage from
locking mechanism.
3. Extracting – Pulling the bullet from the chamber.
4. Ejecting – Throwing the empty cartridge outside
5. Cocking – Rearward Move of the Bolt Carrier
6. Feeding – Loading another round to the chamber.
7. Chambering – Rushing the round inside the chamber.
8. Locking – When bolt enters ½ inch of its forward
movement, bolt carrier rotates counter clockwise and
engage locking mechanism
HOW DOES M16/ AR15 WORKS
https://
www.youtube.com
/watch?v=75ec-
J6lTDE
ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE
1. Clear the Rifle.

a. Remove Magazine
b. Cock Rifle
c. Place selector lever to “SAFE” position & Check
Chamber.
2. Disengage takedown pin.
3. Remove charging handle and bolt carrier.
4. Remove Retaining Pin.
5. Remove Firing Pin
6. Remove Bolt Cam Pin
• Assembly will be done in reverse order
CLEARING RIFLE
WARNING!!!
To avoid accidental firing, be
sure rifle is ,clear (p 2-33).
Pull back charging handle (1) and

check chamber (2). Place selector
lever on SAFE.00
1 Pull back charging handle assembly (1) and bolt carrier assembly (2).
2 Remove bolt carrier assembly(2)

CHARGING HANDLE ASSEMBLY AND BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY
3. Pull charging handle assembly (1) back down and remove it.
4. Move bolt assembly (3) forward to unlocked position and

remove firing pin retaining pin (4). Do not open or close split end
of firing pin retaining pin (4).
5. Push in on bolt assembly (3) to put in locked position.
6. Catch firing pin (5) as it drops out of rear of bolt carrier assembly (2).
7. Give bolt cam pin(6) a 1/4 turn and lift out.
8. Remove bolt assembly (3) from bolt carrier assembly (2).

NOTE:
Disassemble extractor and spring

assembly only when dirty or damaged.
9. Press top of extractor (7) to check that

spring works.
TYPES OF MALFUNCTION AND STOPPAGE
1. Failure to feed.
2. Failure to chamber.
3. Failure to fire.
4. Failure to unlock.
5. Failure to extract.
6. Failure to eject
7. Failure to cock.
CAUSES AND REMEDY
Stoppages Causes Remedy
Failure to Lack of lubrication of parts Clean &lubricate

feed Defective or worn out parts parts
Dirty or dented magazine Replace parts
Loose gas cylinder plug Replace
Dirty gas parts magazine
Lack of lubrication of Tighten plug
operating parts Clean gas parts
Clean & lubricate
parts
A malfunction can
Failure to Clean recesses
occur when loading
chamber the rifle or during the Replace spring
cycle of operation Replace ammunition
Failure to Defective firing pin Replace firing pin

fire Defective trigger Repair trigger housing
housing group
Failure to Dirty chamber Clean chamber

unlock Lack of lubrication of Clean & lubricate parts
operating parts Clean gas pin or
Insufficient gas replace worn out parts
Failure to Dirty ammunition Replace ammunition
extract Broken extractor Replace extractor
Failure to Broken ejector Replace ejector

eject
Failure to Defective trigger Repair trigger

cock housing group housing group
SUMMARY
 BRIEF HISTORY
 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
 EQUIPMENT DATA
 THREE MAIN PARTS
 DIFFERENT PARTS OF M16
 EIGHT CYCLE OF OPERATIONS
 ASSEMBLY & DISASSEMBLY
 TYPES OF MALFUNCTION AND
STOPPAGE/ CAUSES AND REMEDY
STOPPAGE – Is any unintentional interruption
in the function of the weapon.
MALFUNCTION - Is a failure of the gun to

function satisfaction.
“Take the LEAD,
Soar as ONE”

M16 Rifle 1

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WHAT IS A RIFLE?????

The rifle is the principal individual weapons of

1. Never let the muzzle of your gun point at

Prepared by: A2C Romnick C Esolana PAF

TO ENHANCE THE STUDENTS THE BASIC

The M-16 was first developed in 1956 by Eugene Stoner, "a

Eugene Stoner according to his obituary says he was born in

a. The M16/M16A1 rifle is lightweight, air cooled, gas

b. The rifle may be fired with selector lever in the

c. It also provides personnel an offensive/defensive

Maximum Rate of Fire:

1. Firing – Hammer strikes primer of a ammunition it to

1. Clear the Rifle.

Pull back charging handle (1) and

2 Remove bolt carrier assembly(2)

4. Move bolt assembly (3) forward to unlocked position and

5. Push in on bolt assembly (3) to put in locked position.

7. Give bolt cam pin(6) a 1/4 turn and lift out.

8. Remove bolt assembly (3) from bolt carrier assembly (2).

Disassemble extractor and spring

9. Press top of extractor (7) to check that

Stoppages Causes Remedy

Failure to Lack of lubrication of parts Clean &lubricate

Failure to Defective firing pin Replace firing pin

Failure to Dirty chamber Clean chamber

Failure to Broken ejector Replace ejector

Failure to Defective trigger Repair trigger

MALFUNCTION - Is a failure of the gun to

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