Classical Music

1. This refers to the loudness and softness of a sound.
Monophonic, Polyphonic and homophonic are examples of

what element of music?
2. It is the sounding of two or more tones heard
simultaneously. HARMONY
3. Also known as the tune/tono. MELODY
4. Refers how fast or slow the musical piece is played.
TEMPO
5. Forte in terms of dynamics mean – LOUD
6. Piano in terms of dynamics mean–
7. Pianissimo means _____________
8. Symbol for crescendo
MUSIC OF CLASSICAL PERIOD
 also called “Age of Reason,”
(from 1750-1820)
 The cultural life was dominated
by the aristocracy (noble
people)
 The term Classical denotes
conformity with the principles
and characteristics of Ancient
Greek and Roman literature and
art which were formal, elegant,
simple, freed, and dignified.
MUSIC OF CLASSICAL PERIOD
 Harmony and texture are homophonic in general.
 The dynamics of loud and soft was clearly through the
extensive use of crescendo and diminuendo.
Readings: Musical Elements of Classical Music
 Dynamics- Crescendo and diminuendo arrive in the
classical era. There is the extensive use of dynamics;
phrases are very regular and of the same length.
 Melody - tends to be shorter than those in Baroque, with
clear cut phrases, and clearly marked cadences. It is
simple and easy to remember.
 Harmony has more than one pitch sounding at the same
time.
 Texture classical era music has a lighter and clearer
texture. Classical music is basically homophonic
(Baroque music was polyphonic).
A melody(tune/tono) is
a collection of musical
tones that are grouped
together as a single entity
Harmony, in music, the

sound of two or more
notes heard
simultaneously
1. What dynamics are used?
2. What is the texture?
3. What harmonic elements are used?
4. What are the characteristics of the melody?

PERFORMANCE
PRACTICE DURING
CLASSICAL PERIOD
FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN
- one of the most
prominent(popular) composers
of the classical period.
- described as “rags-to-riches”
story
- become musical director for
the Esterhazy family for 30
years.
- most of his music is mainly
calm, balanced and serious but
with touches of humor.
WORKS:
Surprise Symphony
The Clock
The Military
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART
- a child prodigy and the most
amazing genius in musical
history.
- played harpsichord and
violin at the age of 5; piano
at the age of 6.
- An exceptional pianist.
- written sonatas, concertos

and symphonies at age 13.
- composed over 700 works
WORKS:
Eine
The
Don The Magic Kleine
Marriage
Giovanni Flute Nachtmusi
of Figarro
k
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN
- born to a family of
musicians
- the composer who bridge
the late classical era and the
early Romantic era
- His famous compositions
include:
32 piano sonatas
21 set of variations
9 symphonies
5 concertos for piano
WORKS:
Missa Solemnis
Fidelio
Symphony No. 3 (Eroica)
Symphony no. 5
Symphony no. 9 (Choral) “Ode to Joy”
VOCAL AND
INSTRUMENTAL
MUSIC
SONATA
SONATA-ALLEGRO
CONCERTO
SYMPHONY
CLASSICAL OPERA
SONATA
A multi-movement work for
solo instrument, Sonata came
from the word Sonare which means
“to make a sound”.
applied to solo instruments such as
piano and violin.
Movements of Sonata
1. Allegro – fast movement
2. Andante – slow movement
3. Minuet – it is in three-four time
and in a moderate or fast tempo
SONATA ALLEGRO FORM
The most important form that
developed during the classical
era.
1. Exposition – first part
that introduces the theme
2. Development – middle
part that developed the theme.
3. Recapitulation – repeats
the theme as they first emerged.
Examples: Eine Kleine
Nachtmusik
CONCERTO
a multi-movement work
designed for an
instrumental soloist and
orchestra
3 movements: fast
slow fast
Examples: Emperor concerto by

Beethoven
SYMPHONY
 A multi-movement work
for orchestra
 - from the word sinfonia
which literally means “a
harmonious sounding together”
4 movements: fast slow
medium/fast
fast
Examples: Surprise symphony
by Haydn
CLASSICAL
OPERA
a drama set to music where singers and
musicians perform in a theatrical setting.
• Opera Seria - (serious opera)
usually implies heroic or tragic
drama that employs mythological
Two characters
• Example: Idomeneo
types • Opera Buffa - (comic opera) from
of Italy made use of everyday
characters and situations, and
Opera typically employed spoken
dialogues
: • Example: The Marriage of
Figarro, The Magic Flute, Don
Giovanni (Mozart)
Most of the music
was played in the
courts which make
the music of the
Classical era more
familiar to the
nobility than the
lower classes.
Activity 2: Listen to W.A. Mozart’s Piano Sonata no. 11 in A
major K 331 (RONDO) 3rd movement and answer the
following questions.
1. What is the tempo?

2. What dynamics were used?
3. What is the texture?

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1. This refers to the loudness and softness of a sound.

Monophonic, Polyphonic and homophonic are examples of

Harmony, in music, the

2. What is the texture?

3. What harmonic elements are used?

4. What are the characteristics of the melody?

- written sonatas, concertos

Examples: Emperor concerto by

1. What is the tempo?

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