Physics Project CBSE XI 1

A Physics
Project
On ,
Gravitatio
n
Submitted by :-
Name – Mithun 11317
Logaranjan 11315
Jeevan 11310
Class - XI ‘D’
submitted to:-
Mr.Mohanradje R
ACKNOWLEDGEME
NT
I would like to express my
sincere gratitude to our
physics laboratory teacher
Mr.Mohanradje R for this vital
support, guidance and
encouragement without which
this project would not have
come forth from my side. I
wish to extend my heartiest
thanks to my parents and my
friends for their undivided
support and interest which
inspired me and encouraged
me to go ahead.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the entitle
Gravitation project by (Your
Name) of class XI is in
accordance to the topic
allotted to him. This project is
submitted in partial fulfilment
of the Summative
Assessments. It embodies
original work done by him
under my supervision and
guidance.
DECLARATION
I, Mithun , Logaranjan,
Jeevan as student of class XI
of St.Patrick Senior
Secondary School do hereby
solemnly declare that this
project entitles
“Gravitation” of physics
practical is an original work
done by me under the true
guidance of our physics
teacher Mr. Mohanradje R
Student’s Signature
CONTENTS
Contents Page no.
Acknowledgeme 2
nt
Certification 3
Declaration 4
Abstract 6
Methodology 7
Data Contents 8
Data Analysis 9 to 13
Conclusion 14
Bibliography 15
ABSTRACT
Every body in the universe
attracts every other body with
a force called force of
GRAVITATION. Thus, gravitation
is the force of attraction
between any two bodies in the
universe. The attraction
between sun and earth and a
table and chair lying in a room
are some examples of
gravitation.
Gravitation is weakest of the
four basic forces.
Gravity is a special case of
gravitation, about which we
are going to discuss in details
in this project.
METHODOLOGY
DATA
CONTENTS
In this project we are going to focus
on;
 Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary
Motion.
 Applications of Kepler’s Law.
 Newton’s Universal Law Of
Gravitation.
 What is Freefall ?
 What is acceleration due to gravity ?
 Difference between Kepler’s Law
and Newton’s Law.

 Theories about planetary motion.
 What is weightlessness ?
DATA ANALYSIS
1.Kepler’s Three Laws Of
Planetary Motion :-
• The law of Orbital –
All planets move in elliptical
orbits around the sun with the
sun at one focus.
• The laws of Area –
The line Joining centre of a
planet and the sun sweeps
equal areas in equal interval of
time, that is the areal velocity of
the planet around the sun is
constant.
• The laws of Period or Harmonic
law –
The square of time period of
revolution of a planet around
the sun is proportional to the
cube of the semi major axis of
its elliptical orbit.
2.Applications of kepler’s law -
 Solar System
 Artificial Satellite
 Moon’s revolution around the
planet
 Whenever inverse square law is
involved
3. Newton’s universal law of

gravitation -
Every particle in the universe attracts
other particle with a force which is
directly proportional to the product
of their masses and inversely
proportional to the square of the
distance between them.
Here, F1 and F2 are magnitude of

gravitational force and m1 and m2
are masses of two paricles, r is the
distance between both the
particles and G is universal
gravitational constant.
4.What is free fall ?
The motion of a body under the
influence of gravity alone is called
freefall. If we neglect the
resistance or friction offered by air,
the fall of a body in air is a free fall.
5.What is acceleration due to

gravity ?
When a body falls freely toward the
surface of earth, its velocity
continuously increases. The
acceleration developed in its
motion is called acceleration due
to gravity which is produced when
the object is freely falling under
the gravitational pull of the earth is
called acceleration due to gravity.
It is denoted by ‘g’. And is a vector
quantity directed toward the earth
independent of mass, size and
shape of the body.
6. Difference between kepler’s
and newton’s law :-
Serial no. Newton’s law Kepler’s

law
1. About motion Motion of
and force. planetary
system.
2. It is kinematics. It is dynamics.
3. Involve Do not involve

interaction Interaction.
between
objects.
4. Relation among Relation among
force, mass, distance and
distance and time only
time.
6. Theories about planetary motion :-
Since ancient time, scientists have been
studying the motion of celestial objects like
sun, moon, planets, etc.
Some of these note-worthy theories are as
follows –
6.1 Geocentric model: According to this
model, “the earth remained stationary at
the centre and all planets, moon, sun and
other stars revolve around the sun”.
6.2 Heliocentric model: In 1543,
Nicolaus Copernicus suggested that “the
sun is at the centre of the solar system and
the earth and other planets revolve around
it”.
6.3 Aryabhatta’s contribution:
Aryabhatta proposed that “the earth
revolve round the sun along with other
planets and also rotates around its own
axis”.
7. What is weightlssness ?
When a body presses against a supporting
surfae, the supportin surface exerts
opposite force on the body. This force of
reaction creates a feeling of weight and if
somehow this reaction force becomes zero,
Then apparent weight of the body becomes
zero.
CONCLUSION
Newton’s law as well as Kepler’s
law has helped us a lot in the
field of gravitation and also in
the field of physics. His concept
was also used in technology of
rocket propulsion, hence he is
considered one of the greatest
physics.
From Kepler’s 3rd law we can
deduce the law of gravitation.
Gravitation give us idea about
the theories of planetary motion
like;
Geocentric model, Heliocentric
model, etc.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 www.quora.com
 https://en.wikipedia.org
 www.physics4kids.com
 www.study.com
 www.examfear.com
 Physics NCERT book, XI
 Concepts of physics (H.C.
VERMA)

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A Physics

 Newton’s Universal Law Of

 What is acceleration due to gravity ?

 Difference between Kepler’s Law

and Newton’s Law.

3. Newton’s universal law of

Here, F1 and F2 are magnitude of

5.What is acceleration due to

Serial no. Newton’s law Kepler’s

3. Involve Do not involve

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