Business Strategy

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Chapter 8

Business strategy: meaning


and purpose
• In simple terms a strategy is ‘how we get from
where we are now to where we want to be in the
future’. A successful business will have SMART
objectives. Its business strategy will be a clear plan
and set of policies that should help it focus on
achieving these aims. Business strategy asks the big
questions, such as, ‘Which markets and products do
we want to be in?’ It also makes the big decisions,
such as, ‘Can we expand from manufacturing
operations into retailing?’ All businesses need
strategies to provide integration, direction and focus.
Establishing business strategy
Strategic management:
meaning and purpose
The need for strategic
management
If a business did not undertake strategic management, it would fail to: • plan for the
future

• respond logically to the changing business environment

• make effective long-term decisions based on clear objectives.


Strategy and tactics
• Strategic management is the highest level of managerial activity. It is undertaken
by, or at least closely supervised by, the chief executive officer and approved by the
board of directors.
• Tactics, on the other hand, are concerned with making smaller-scale decisions aimed
at reaching more limited and measurable goals, which themselves are part of the
longer-term strategic aim.
Approaches to developing
business strategy
• Blue ocean strategy- One that exploits uncontested market space
through product differentiation and low cost.
• Red ocean strategy- one that competes with rivals in existing
markets.
• Scenario planning- Identifying possible future situations and how
the business might respond to them.
• SWOT analysis- A form of strategic analysis that identifies and
analyses the main internal strengths and weaknesses, and external
opportunities and threats, that will influence the future direction and
success of a business.
• PEST analysis- the strategic analysis of a firm’s macro
environment,including political , economic, social and technological
factors.
• Porter’s five forces analysis- A technique for analysing competitive
forces within an industry. (Barriers to entry, The power of buyers,
The power of suppliers, The threat of substitutes and
Competitive rivalry)
• Core competencies- An important business capability that gives a
firm competitive advantage.
• The Ansoff matrix- A model used to show the degree of risk
associated with the four growth strategies of market penetration,
market development, product development and diversification.
• Force-field analysis- a technique for identifying and analysing the
positive factors that support a decision (driving forces) and negative
factors that constrain it (restraining forces).
• Decision trees- a diagram that sets out the options connected with a
decision and the outcomes and economic returns that may result.
Porter’s five forces analysis
Core competencies- An important business
capability that gives a firm competitive
advantage.
The Ansoff matrix
Force-field analysis

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