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    ICSE IX Bio Skeleton-Movement and Locomotion 1

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    ICSE IX Bio Skeleton-Movement and Locomotion 1

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    5 views33 pages

    ICSE IX Bio Skeleton-Movement and Locomotion 1

    Uploaded by

    ashachoudhary0188

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 33

    Subject: Biology

    Topic: Movement and Locomotion

    Grade: IX

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 1 of 33


    The Skeletal System

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 2 of 33


    Types of Bones

    Long bones
    Short bones
    Flat bones
    Round bones (sesamoid bones)
    Irregular bones

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 3 of 33


    Types of Bones

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 4 of 33


    The Skeletal System

    Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 5 of 33


    The Axial skeleton

    There are 80 bones in


    the axial skeleton
    It consists of
    Skull
    Vertebral column
    Ribs
    Sternum

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 6 of 33


    The Appendicular skeleton

    There are 126 bones in


    the appendicular skeleton
    It consists of
    Fore limbs
    Hind limbs
    Pectoral girdle
    Pelvic girdle

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 7 of 33


    The Axial skeleton
    Skull

    Cranium = 8 bones Facial bones = 14 bones

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 8 of 33


    Bones of the Cranium

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 9 of 33


    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 10 of 33
    Frontal

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 11 of 33
    Parietal

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 12 of 33
    Temporal

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 13 of 33
    Nasal

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 14 of 33
    Vomer

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 15 of 33
    Zygoma

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 16 of 33
    Maxilla

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 17 of 33
    Mandible

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 18 of 33
    Frontal
    Parietal
    Temporal
    Nasal
    Vomer Zygoma
    Maxilla

    Mandible

    Frontal View
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 19 of 33
    The cranium
    has a large
    opening called
    foramen
    magnum
    below which
    the brain
    connects to the
    spinal cord.

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 20 of 33


    Bones of the Face

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 21 of 33


    Vertebral Column

    • 33 vertebrae in children
     24 individual vertebrae
     Seven cervical vertebrae
     Twelve thoracic vertebrae
     Five lumbar vertebrae

     5 sacral vertebrae
     4 coccygeal vertebrae

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 22 of 33


    Vertebral Column

    • 26 vertebrae in adults
     24 individual vertebrae
     Seven cervical vertebrae
     Twelve thoracic vertebrae
     Five lumbar vertebrae

     Sacrum
     Coccyx
    • Sacrum and coccyx are
    fused together in adults.

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 23 of 33


    Cervical Vertebrae
    (C3- C7)

    • Smaller bodies
    • Larger spinal canal
    • 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae are unique
    • atlas & axis
    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 24 of 33
    Thoracic Vertebrae
    (T1- T12)
    • All articulate
    with ribs
    • Have heart-
    shaped bodies
    • Each side of the
    body bears
    demifacets for
    articulation with
    ribs

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 25 of 33


    Lumbar Vertebrae
    (L1-L5)
    • Bodies are
    thick and
    strong
    • Allows
    flexion and
    extension –
    rotation
    prevented

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 26 of 33


    Sacrum
    (S1-S5)

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 27 of 33


    Sacrum

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    Coccyx

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    Rib Cage
    • Forms the framework of the chest
    • Components of the ribcage are
    – Thoracic vertebrae – posteriorly
    – Ribs – laterally
    – Sternum and costal cartilage – anteriorly
    • Protects thoracic organs
    • Supports shoulder girdle and upper limbs
    • Provides attachment sites for muscles

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 30 of 33


    The Rib Cage

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    Ribs
    • All ribs attach to vertebral column posteriorly.
    • 12 pairs of ribs
    – True ribs - superior seven pairs of ribs which attach
    to sternum by costal cartilage
    – False ribs – inferior 3 pairs of ribs, attach indirectly
    to the sternum
    – Floating ribs- ribs 11–12 are short and free
    anteriorly and do not attach to the sternum

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 32 of 33


    Sternum

    • Also called the breast bone


    • Formed from three parts :
    – Manubrium – superior part of sternum
    – Body – bulk of sternum
    – Xiphoid process – inferior end of sternum

    IC/IX/1718 Movement and Locomotion 33 of 33

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